Plate 4. 



By the courtesy of Rowland Ward, Ltd. 



WEAPONS OF OFFENCE. 

 Horns of various types furnish the most conspicuous of the 

 " Secondary Sexual Characters " of the ruminants. In the Deer 

 only are these branched. In the " hollow-homed " ruminants they 

 are either lance-like or more or less spirally curved, or they may 

 form more or less open loops. 



I. Black-tailed Deer. 2. Hangul or Kashmir Barasingha Deer. 

 3. Greater Kudu. 4. Black-buck. 5. Saiga Antelope, remarkable 

 also for its curiously swollen nose. 6. Marco-Polo's Sheep. 



[Face page 52. 



