material. Ordinarily, deduct one point from the perfect score for each three 

 per cent of foreign matter. 



SOUNDNESS. The grain should be relatively large and plump, should have 

 a bright, lustrous appearance, and should show strong vitality. It should not 

 be damp, bleached, weathered, discolored, musty, decayed, sprouted, stack- or 

 bin-burnt, shriveled, shrunken, broken, smutted, or insect injured. The 

 general rule is to deduct one point for each two per cent of unsound grains. 



WEIGHT PER BUSHEL. Plump, well-developed grains of medium size 

 indicate a high weight per bushel; whereas shriveled and shrunken kernels 

 indicate a low weight grain. Conditions of unsoundness, as mustiness, 

 mouldiness, dampness, sprouted kernels, and results of exposure to inclement 

 weather will lower the weight. Standard weight per bu. 60 Ib. Ordinarily 

 the greater the weight per bushel, the more desirable the grain for seed. For 

 each pound short of the standard deduct one and one-half points from the 

 total score. For each pound above the standard add three-fourths of a point 

 to the total score. 



HARDNESS. The degree of hardness depends upon (1) variety; (2) section 

 in which grown; (3) growing conditions. Usually the more favorable the 

 growing conditions the plumper and more starchy the grain. To get an idea 

 of the hardness, several representative grains should be cut in cross-section. 

 The dark red and flinty appearing grains are the most desirable, as they have 

 a higher gluten content and produce an excellent quality of flour when milled. 



EXERCISE No. 21 

 PURITY TEST OF LEGUMES 



Object : To determine the per cent of pure seed in a given 

 sample. 



Material : Samples of about 100 seeds each of alfalfa, red, 

 white, and sweet clover, and a hand lens. 



Method : From the sample of each legume seed count out 

 the pure seeds. A hand lens can be used to identify the 

 seeds when in doubt. Estimate the per cent of pure seed, 

 of weed seed, and of dirt. Write the names of all the weed 

 seed found in the sample. 



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