EXERCISE No. 77 

 PRUNING 



Object: To learn how to prune fruit trees. 



Material : Pruning shears, a saw, and a ladder. 



Method : Prune an old tree by first cutting out all dead 

 limbs, then prune it to a definite shape. In pruning small 

 trees always cut to an outside bud, keeping in mind the shape 

 of the tree during the next season's growth. Be sure you 

 can give a reason for cutting each limb before the cut is made. 



EXERCISE No. 78 

 BORDEAUX MIXTURE 



Object : To make the Bordeaux Mixture. 



Material: 4 pounds of copper sulphate (blue vitriol); 4 

 pounds of quick lime (not slacked); 2 barrels; wooden 

 buckets; and a cheese cloth sack. 



Method : Dissolve the copper sulphate by enclosing it 

 in the cheese cloth sack and suspending it in warm water. 

 Do not use an iron or tin vessel. Slack the lime in another 

 vessel by adding a little water to it. Pour into each vessel 

 enough water to make 25 gallons. Pour the two solutions 

 together and the Bordeaux Mixture is made. When used 

 for chewing insects add 3 pounds of arsenate of lead. 



Conclusion: Bordeaux Mixture, 4-4-50. 



Note: One-fourth of each of the above named ingredients will make a 

 usable quantity. 



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