SUBDUING THE LAND 



medium size, and the stone boat for larger ones. (See 

 Figures 48, 49 and 50.) 



Machinery and tools. A two-wheeled cart, made very 

 strong and with wheels of large diameter, is a useful im- 

 plement for swinging up heavy stones and transporting 

 them. The requirements in the way of tools, etc., for 

 removing and breaking large stones are: Shovels, heavy 

 chains to place about the stones, drills and wedges for 

 making holes and giant powder or other explosives. 

 Drawing the stones out of their settings with a team, like 

 skidding logs, is a matter requiring skill, and also a 

 steady, strong team. Using dynamite laid on the stone 

 or some explosive placed in a drill hole and held down 

 with tamped clay, while a comparatively simple matter, 

 must be learned by experience, else too much expense 

 will be entailed for materials, and there will be too much 

 danger of accidents from the improper handling of the 

 explosives. 



Since stones are often useful, they may be drawn to 

 places where they are most available for use. If in 

 large numbers and no immediate use is to be made of 

 them, they should be compactly piled where they will 

 occupy little valuable land, where they will not be un- 

 sightly, and in such a manner that they will not harbor 

 weeds. 



Uses for field stones. A limited number of field stones 

 may be found so useful on the farm where rocks from 

 quarries are expensive to secure, that the cost of remov- 

 ing them is small compared with their value. Material 

 for foundations to buildings and for cellar walls may 

 thus be secured more cheaply than from a distant stone 

 quarry. Bridge abutments, stone arches for smaller 

 bridges and culverts, retaining walls, roads and paths, 

 may be made of stones thus collected; and with fore- 

 sight these may be drawn directly from the field to the 

 points at which they are needed. Stones thus secured 



