DRAINAGE 



199 



that the under drain may be easily located at any time. 



Notes on grade stakes. In making careful surveys 

 with grade stakes every 50 or 100 feet, the depth to 

 which the ditch is to be dug at these points should be 

 marked on the stakes. Thus, in Figure 86 are shown 

 stakes ; at the first stake the cut is to be 4 feet ; at the 

 next stake it is to be 4.35 feet, etc. 



Surveyor's notes should be preserved. Where the 

 drainage problem is sufficiently complicated and dif- 

 ficult to require a careful 



Y N 



survey, the notes should 

 be systematically re- 

 corded and drawings and 

 profiles should be so 

 made as to make a per- 

 manent record of the 

 survey and of the fin- 

 ished drain. 



The plat of the land 

 should show the general 

 land survey. In cases 



Figure 88. Earth removed from A X to B with _r i _ A~~: n , --^ 



reversible road machine; from X to Y with spade. OI large drainage enter- 

 prises, a copy of the 



government land survey may be made, and to this 

 the surveyor's notes added, making such contour maps 

 as are necessary, and locating the lines of the main and 

 lateral open and tile drains. A system of naming or 

 numbering the main and laterals, such, for example, as 

 is carried out in Figure 84, should be adopted. The 

 daily notes in platting and leveling can be taken in a 

 notebook and should be at once transcribed upon the 

 map upon which the drain is to be platted. Simple 

 drawings made on pages of the notebook will aid in keep- 

 ing a record of the linear measurements and angles while 

 making the general land survey and the leveling meas- 

 urements, also in making the profile. The profiles of the 



