FARM DEVELOPMENT 



farmer or laborer, this work can usually be done in wet 

 times when other work is not pressing, and at slight cost 

 to the community. 



A badly worn stone road needs its surface recon- 

 structed. In Figure 236 is shown a road roller in the 

 act of tearing up a macadam roadway. Spikes are 

 placed in the roller wheels in such a manner that the 

 weight of the machine causes them to sink into the 

 hard crust, thoroughly crumbling it. In some cases it 



Figure 233. View of steel rails laid for wagon road. 



is unnecessary to procure new material for the addition 

 of a layer of surfacing, but the old surface layer may 

 be thoroughly worked over by using the spiked roller to 

 break it up, the common harrow to complete the mixing, 

 and the roller to again thoroughly compact and harden 

 the surface. In case of badly worn roads it will be found 

 necessary to add a new layer a few inches deep, this to 

 be placed on top of the surface of the old material after 

 it has been thoroughly reworked and compacted. 



Snow roads. In the Northern states, where there is a 

 heavy fall of snow, the problem of making snow roads 



