Grade... 

 Date. . 



FIG. 3. Cross section of a kernel of corn. (Robbing* 

 Botany of Crop Plants, P. Blakiston, Son & Co.) 



EXERCISE 4 



SEEDS AND SEEDLINGS 



Object. To understand seeds and seedlings and their parts. 



Material. Corn and bean plants two weeks old, corn and beans which 

 have germinated, and corn and beans 

 which have been soaked over night. 



Directions. All drawings for this 

 exercise should be five times natural 

 size. Seeds may be divided into two 

 groups according to the way food 

 is stored. 



A. Food Stored in Cotyledons, or 

 first two leaves. Example, the bean. 



1. Take a soaked bean, remove 

 the seed coat and separate the cotyle- 

 dons. Make a drawing showing the 

 embryo (little plant). Label coty- 

 ledon, plumule radicle. 



2. Draw a germinated bean, 

 labelling all parts. 



3. Draw a plant two weeks old, labelling all parts. 



B. Food Stored in Endosperm. Example, corn. 



1. Shave down, on the germ side, 

 a kernel of corn so that the germ is 

 fully exposed. Make a drawing, label- 

 ling endosperm, embryo, scutellum, plu- 

 mule, radicle. (Fig. 3.) 



2. Draw a kernel of germinated corn 

 labelling all parts. 



3. Draw a corn plant two weeks 

 old, labelling all parts. 



Application. 1. Why is it that the 

 bean seedling has difficulty in breaking 

 through a crust? Compare with wheat and corn. 



2. What are the food values of the different parts of the corn kernel? 



3. What are hominy, corn starch, and corn oil cake in relation to the 

 seed parts? 



4. How are germs in corn kernels killed and howdo they appear when dead? 



FIG. 4. A wheat seedling. (Robbing* Botany of 

 Crop Plants, P. Blakiston, Son & Co.) 



