TIPPER NINE SPINAL NERVES. 491 



on the upper posterior part of the cervical vertebrae, and to the 

 integuments of the part. Some of the branches ascend through 

 the muscles, near the occiput; and, rising up on the latter, are 

 distributed upon its integuments, and upon the occipito-frontalis 

 muscle. 



The anterior trunk is directed forwards under the inferior ob- 

 lique muscle of the neck, and then divides into two branches: 

 the superior joins the an'erior branch of the sub-occipital nerve, 

 and anastomoses with the first cervical ganglion of the sympa- 

 thetic, and with the par vagum and the hypo-glossal nerve; the 

 inferior joins the anterior branch of the second cervical nerve. 



Of the Second Cervical Nerve. 



This nerve issues between the second and the third cervical 

 vertebra. Its posterior trunk is spent upon the trapezius, com- 

 plexus, and other muscles on the back of the neck, and upon the 

 integuments of the latter; it also anastomoses with the posterior 

 trunk of the nerve above and*below. 



The anterior branch or trunk detaches, first of all, some small 

 filaments to the muscles on the front of the cervical vertebrae; 

 it then divides into two principal fasciculi, one of which ascends 

 and the other descends. 



The ascending branch goes upwards and backwards, and 

 early in its course anastomoses with the first cervical nerve, 

 thereby forming with it a nervous noose; it then mounts upon 

 the occiput, and is distributed upon the parts on the latter 

 region, anterior to the occipital branches of the preceding 

 nerve. 



The descending branch turns over the posterior margin of 

 the sterno-cleido mastoideus muscle, and gives filaments to it. 

 It is distributed afterwards by branches, some of which go to 

 the integuments of the middle and inferior parts of the neck, 

 (nervi subcutanei eolli medii et inferiores,) others go to the inte- 

 guments of the neck upon the angle and the base of the lower 

 jaw, (nervi subcutanei superiores,) and one to the external ear, 

 (jiervus auricularus cermcalis.) 



From the anterior fasciculus of the second cervical nerve, 

 there proceeds a filament downwards, which is the upper root 



