646 



NERVOUS SYSTEM. 



and its branches receive a few delicate filaments of communication from the middle and 

 inferior cervical and the upper dorsal ganglia of the sympathetic. 



The pneumogastric frequently sends a very delicate filament to the glosso-pharyngeal 

 nerve, at or near the ganglion of Andersch. Branches from the pneumogastric join 

 branches from the glosso-pharyngeal, the spinal accessory, and the sympathetic, to form 

 the pharyngeal plexus. 



Distribution. In describing the very extensive distribution of the pneumogastrics, 

 while the nerves upon the two sides do not present any important differences in the 

 destination of their filaments as far down as the diaphragm, it will be seen that the 

 abdominal branches are not the same. The most important branches are the following : 



1. Auricular. 



2. Pharyngeal. 



3. Superior laryngeal. 



4. Inferior, or recurrent laryngeal. 



5. Cardiac, cervical and thoracic. 



6. Pulmonary, anterior and posterior. 



7. (Esophageal. 



8. Abdominal. 



FIG. 219. Distribution of the pneumogastric. (Hirschfeld.) 



1, trunk of the left pneumogastric ; 2, ganglion of the trunk ; 3, anastomosis with the spinal accessory ; 4, anas- 

 tomosis with t/ie sublingual; 5, pharyngeal branch (the auricular branch is not shown in the figure); 6, 

 superior laryngeal branch ; 7, external laryngeal nerve ; 8, laryngeal plexus ; 9, 9, inferior laryngeal 

 branch; 10, cervical cardiac branch; 11, thoracic cardiac branch; 12,13, pulmonary branches; 14, lingual 

 branch of the fifth; 15, lower portion of the sublingual; 1(5, glosso-pharyngeal; 17, spinal accessory; 18, 19, 20, 

 spinal nerves ; 21, phrenic nerve ; 22, 23, spinal nerves ; 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, sympathetic ganglia. 



