CHAP. III.] CHEMICAL CHARACTERS OF PANCREATIC JUICE. 201 



salts, by tannic acid. Chlorine or bromine water added to fresh pan- 

 creatic juice occasions a white precipitate. If however this reagent 

 be added to pancreatic juice wnich has been exposed to warmth for 

 some time, it occasions a red colour (Tiedemann and Gmelin). 



Pancreatic juice undergoes putrefaction with the utmost ease. The 

 red colour above referred to as brought about by chlorine is due to 

 a body yet unknown which results from decomposition (Tryptophan). 

 In a juice which exhibits the chlorine reaction, decomposition rapidly 

 proceeds a step further, and then the reaction no longer occurs ; on, 

 however, adding impure coloured nitric acid to the now foul-smelling 

 liquid, a red colour is developed which is due to indol (C 8 H 7 N). 



Presence of Normal pancreatic juice contains at least three dis- 



three enzymes tinct enzymes, which will be treated of at length in the 

 in the pancre- sequel. These are : 1, a proteolyjjujbrnient, which at 

 atic juice, suitable temperatures andTi absolutions which are neutral 



and faintly ajkaline, readily decomposes proteids with the production 

 of peptones and amido-acids, such as leucine and tyrosine : 2, a 

 diastatic /ferment, similar to that which exists in saliva, converting 

 starches/into erythrodextrins, lachroodextrins and maltose : 3, a fat. 

 decomposing ferment which brings about the hydrolytic decompo- 

 sition of the neutral fats into glycerine and fatty acids. Although 

 these three ferments always co-exist in normal pancreatic juice, in 

 the continuous thin secretion^m^erm^^nt^stulse^the second 

 and third ferments are somitmies found~unaccqmpanied by the first 

 or proteolytic enzyme. 



Are leucine -^ n *^0 c * c ' ^ ^ resn ^y secreted pancreatic juice ob- 



and tyrosine tained from a large number of dogs, Kuhne 1 was 

 constituents of unable to discover a trace of tyrosine. Leucine was 



e pancreatic present, but in so small a quantity as to be only dis- 

 coverable by the microscope. 



p The viscous secretion obtained from recently estab- 



composition of lished fistulse (dog) contains approximately in 1000 

 perfectly nor- parts 

 mal pancreatic 9QO parts of water, 



90 organic solid matter, 



10 inorganic salts. 



The organic solid matter is composed mainly of proteids and 

 ferments. Generally the more abundant the flow, the smaller the 

 amount of solid matter in solution. The salts consist mainly (that 

 is to the extent of about seven-tenths) of sodium chloride ; the 

 remaining salts are sodium carbonate, with traces of sodium phos- 

 phate, earthy phosphates and traces of iron. In the first of the 

 analyses given in the subjoined tabular view, Schmidt found the 

 inorganic matters per 1000 to be 8*8, and in this the NaCl amounted 

 to 7'35. 



1 Kuhne, 'Ueber das Sekret des Pankreas,' loc. cit. 



or THE 

 UNIVERSITY 



