386 INFLUENCE OF MUSCULAR EXERCISE ON THE URINE. [BOOK I. 



various simultaneous modifying agents, that the discrepancies in the 

 statements of different observers are due. 



In order that the reader may have some idea of the 

 Statements ex t en t of these discrepancies, the results of some of the 

 observers. earlier observers may be here stated briefly. In most 



cases, for the reasons already given, they cannot be con- 

 sidered either to support or to confute the results of later experiments. 



C. G. Lehmann 1 found that the excretion of urea in man was raised 

 from 32 grams per diem to 36 37 grams during exercise. 



J. Fr. Simon 2 also found an increase during exertion. 



Mossier 3 failed to discover any marked increase immediately after 

 exercise. 



H. Beigel 4 made experiments on six men under conditions of spare 

 diet and rich diet, water being taken at pleasure. With the former 

 diet the excretion of urea was raised from 31-86 grms. to 33 '32 grms. per 

 diem, on a day of labour; with the rich diet, from 46 '10 grms. to 52-26 

 grms. per diem. 



W, Hammond 5 found that the excretion of urea, which during 24 

 hours of rest was 31 -51 grms. (487 grains), rose to 42-4 grms. (682-09 

 grains) during a working day, and to 56 grms. (864 '97 grains), during a 

 day of hard labour. 



Genth 8 observed that the area excreted during prolonged labour was 

 increased beyond the normal. 



Beneke 7 found an increase on exertion. 



Franque 8 found an increase during exertion. 



J. C. Draper 9 found that a powerful man kept perfectly quiet in bed 

 for a long period, excreted on an average 2 6 '47 grams of urea daily, a 

 quantity which did not differ much from the normal excretion in 

 health. 



L. Lehmann 10 found a very small, or no increase in the excretion of urea, 

 on excessive exertion. 



C. Speck 11 found on exertion only a slight daily increase of urea, viz. 

 8 grms., with a rich nitrogenous diet, and 4 grms. with a poor nitrogenous 

 diet. 



I C. G. Lehmann, Wagner's Handworterluch, Vol. n. p. 21. Physiological 

 Chemistry (Cavendish Soc. Trans.), 1851, Vol. i. p. 163. 



u J. Fr. Simon, Animal Chemistry (Sydenham Soc. Trans.), 1846, Vol. n. pp. 144 

 and 168. 



8 Mossier, " Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Urinabsonderung." Diss. inaug. Giessen, 

 1853. Quoted by Voit, op. cit. infra. 



4 H. Beigel, " Untersuch. ii. den Harn- u. Harnstoff-mengen. " Verhandl. der 

 k. Leopold. Akad. d. Naturforsch., Vol. xxv. pt. i., 1855, p. 477. Quoted by Voit, op. 

 cit. infra. 



5 W. Hammond, "Eelation existing between urea and uric acid." American 

 Journal of Med. Sci., new series, Vol. xxix., 1855, p. 119. 



6 Genth, Untersuch. ii. den Einfluss des Wassertrinkens auf dem Stoffwechsel. 

 Wisbaden, 1856. Quoted by Voit, op. cit. infra. 



7 Beneke, Nord. See Bad., 1855, p. 83. (Quoted by Playfair, Food and Useful 

 Work, p. 46.) 



8 0. von Franque: Extract in Schmidt's Jahrbuch, 1856, Vol. xcn. p. 9. 

 tj J. C. Draper, New York Journal, March, 1856. See Voit, infra. 



10 L. Lehmann, Arch. f. wissensch. Heilkunde, Vol. iv. pt. iv., 1860. See Voit, infra. 



II C. Speck, Arch.f. wissensch. Heilkunde, Vol. iv. See Voit, infra. 





