^32 ON THE MILK OF THE COW. 



during the summer, and hence they do not compare so well as if made in the winter. The 

 specific gravity of the milk of the Ayrshire cow was 1029. It contained, 



Water 87-19 



Dry matter, 12-81 



Butter 3-70 



Casein 4-16 



Sugar, 4-35 



Ash 0-59 



The milk, as I hare already remarked, was furnished me by Mr. Taintor, who also gave a 

 brief account of the state and condition of his animal, in the subjoined letter. The milk was 

 sent by express, in a bottle, filled nearly to the cork, and was received in good condition. It 

 was agitated slightly, its specific gravity taken, and sixteen ounces weighed out for butter, 

 which was allowed to stand thirty-six hours, when the cream was removed. Its specific 

 gravity I found to be 1031 • 1. It was composed as follows : 



Water, ....:;;;;;;;:::;;;:;;:;;;:;. 84-73 



Dry matter, .■....■..:..■.■.■.....;■..'.;.. 16-27 



Butter,.. 807 



Casein, , . ..... ....... ...'..'. ..... ..... ...... 5-02 



Sugar 3-05 



Ash 0-79 



The result is worthy of notice, in each particular, viz : the specific gravity is high ; there is 

 less water, and the proportion of dry matter is large and the quantity of butter remarkably 

 great, while the casein is also above the standard of other cows. 



The butter was obtained by ether, in the first instance, and afterwards by churning. The 

 cream was thick, yellow and rich. It was churned at the temperature of 68° Fah. In the 

 process it thickened so much that I diluted it with skimmed milk, to give it movement. The 

 butter, by my mode of proceeding, came in eight minutes from the time I commenced ; but I 

 •was obliged to lose about three minutes in the operation, and hence it may be set down at five 

 minutes. The butter, on its first appearance, was in hard lumps, and free from grains, and of 

 • rich yellow, and comparatively dry and free from casein and butter-milk. One pound of 

 milk gave 706-79 grains of butter, equivalent to 9-33 per cent. This result appears greater 

 than that obtained by ether : there should, however, be deducted a small quantity of water and 

 casein ; but its condition was that of the best of table butter — it can not be exceeded in fineness. 



Mr. Taintor'' s Letter, giving some account of his importation of the Alderney or Jersey Cows. 



DsAt Sir : 



On my return home, I found your favor of the 4th instant : I cheerfully comply with your re. 

 qttest, and send you by express a bottle of Alderney milk. My Alderney cows had a very 



Note. My proceu for cburoing vrai , in each instance given, to »hake it in a wide-mouthed, vial or bottle, cloiely 

 corked. 



