108 WALL'S MANUAL 



quantities of that valuable fertilizer ammonia will 

 be generated in the soil. Clover seed was once 

 regarded as almost the only suitable crop to be em- 

 ployed as a green manure, but experience has shown 

 that the pea plants have a similar value ; and, in 

 some climates arid soils, certain varieties of peas seem 

 to be even superior to clover, for the purpose of plow- 

 ing in as a green crop. 



VARIETIES. 



Different latitudes require different varieties. Those 

 only which have a comparatively short period of 

 growth are adapted to the Northern States, Those 

 which require a longer season and more hot sun, are 

 confined chiefly to the Southern States. All the 

 varieties at the South are embraced under the gen- 

 eral names of "cornfied pea" and " Southern pea." 

 Mr. Edmund Ruffin, sr., in his valuable essays on this 

 crop, enumerates nine varieties. First The buff- 

 colored pea or cow pea. Second The bass (red) 

 pea. Third The black- eye pea. Fourth The 

 early black has perfectly black and large seeds. 

 Fifth The mottled or shinny r>eii. > iz^i j.ne 

 large black or tory (late pea). Seventh Small 

 black (late pea). Eighth Green- eye pea (white). 

 Ninth The small green or bush pea. But these are 

 by no means all the names to the varieties of " South- 

 ern pea." 



SOIL. 



Crops of this class will grow well on almost any 

 kind of land not deficient in lime. The best soil for 

 peas is a warm, sa^ndy loam, of medium fertility. A 



