562 HISTORICAL PALEONTOLOGY. 



the Lion, Bear, Wolf, Fox, and other well-known Carnivora. 

 Elephants, Ehinoceroses, and Hippopotami, then as now, are 

 characteristic Old World forms. The Ruminants are equally 

 characteristic of the eastern hemisphere, though not exclu- 

 sively confined to it, and they have numerous and varied re- 

 presentatives in later Tertiary deposits. The Giraffe is repre- 

 sented by the Helladotherium, and the Bactrian Camel by the 

 Merycotherium of the Siberian Drift. The fossil Quadrumana, 

 too, of Europe, all belong to the Catarhine section of the 

 order. 



It is unnecessary to pursue the subject further, but no law 

 is more firmly established than this : " That with extinct as 

 with existing Mammalia, particular forms were assigned to 

 particular provinces ; and that the same forms were restricted 

 to the same provinces at a former geological period as they 

 are at the present day " (Owen). It is to be borne in mind, 

 however, that the law, as just stated, holds good for the later 

 Tertiary period only, and does not apply, in any manner that 

 admits of being traced, to the earlier geological epochs. 



