40 LIST OF SPECIFICS AND REMEDIES. 



into folds, and twitches are occasionally seen at 

 the same place. The painfulness of the spaces 

 between the ribs when pressed upon, is quite 

 characteristic, and often exist to an intense degree. 

 The horse shrinks from it with a low grunt, and 

 tries to get away. The skin about the sides 

 of the nostrils and at the ends of the mouth is 

 wrinkled. The neck is lengthened, and nose 

 thrust forward ; the horse stands in a crouching 

 manner, and seems uneasy, but does not move. 

 As the disease advances, the pulse becomes more 

 frequent, and afterwards smaller, until it can 

 scarcely be felt ; the breathing becomes quicker 

 and more painful and catching, when the air is 

 drawn into the lungs ; then by degrees, no catch 

 is seen or grunt heard, the twitches are not ob- 

 served, cold, clammy sweat breaks out over the 

 body, the horse appears dull and stupid, and death 

 closes the scene. 



The pleura, like all serous membranes, has a 

 strong tendency to effusion during an inflamma- 

 tory action, and in the course of the disease, this 

 effusion, consisting of yellowish serum, is exuded, 

 in quantities varying from a few ounces to a 

 bucket full. It occurs in all severe cases, and the 

 fluid either again is absorbed, if in small quantity, 

 or is the immediate cause of death, if in very 

 large quantity, or a lesser amount may remain for 

 a long time, impeding respiration, and forming an 

 empyema or dropsy of the chest. When it exists, 

 the breathing is "always labored, and there is 

 cedema or tumid swelling of some external part, 

 generally the abdomen, chest, or point of the 

 breast. 



By listening with the ear against the chest, the 

 progress of the effusion may be traced from below 

 upward. Above it, will be heard the loud crack- 



