XXIII. 



marble, two fountains that spout water nnc round the 

 other like a pxramul, ujxm whiih arc perched snull 

 birds that stream water out of" their hills : In a 

 (,n>vi it Diana :s a vorv agreeable fountain with 

 turned into a -ta_', as he was sprinkled by 

 the goddess and her nymphs." This description was 

 not written by the (ierman traveller Hent/ner until 

 the tentury was i losing, and as Nonsuch was 

 .: Henry's death, some of these ornaments 

 may i>i-l.m^ to a somewhat later date, and represent 

 the gardening art as practised ly ]-.li/.al>eth and her 

 lourtiers, such as l.ord Burleigh at Theobalds. 

 Vonsuch and Theobalds no tr.ue survives, but a 

 | tine, if somewhat humbler, example remain- 

 almost untouched at Montacute (page 89). Here 

 the enclosing office buildings and galleries and 

 Hated walls have given way, in the .ase >f the 



garden by the halustrailc. But from the broad 

 marginal terraces there :s a devent of some 5ft. to 

 the lentre, whiih thus formed a pi Icn, 



reached by flights of stone steps. Presumably this 

 lentral portion was nine elaborately " kmrted," but 

 now stretches of sward relieved by Irish yews occupy 

 its t |uarters, while in the middle lio a shapely pool 

 surrounded by balustrades and obelisks of the same 

 character as those enclosing the other garden, l-rom 

 the terr.ue level there is a fine oiitlinik ; in the 

 sunken centre there is shelter and a sense of 

 seJus.on. Both the scheme and the craftsmanship 

 are admirable, and were evidently present in the 

 mind of the designer of the new work at Kaston 

 Lodge (page ;?7), where the sunk garden ami the 

 lily pool are of the same general iharaiter, though they 

 have totally different and original details. Montauite 



THE SOUTH-WEST GARDEN-HOUSE AT HATSFOKD. 



forecourt garden, to a low parapet surm >ur:ted 

 by an open balustrading, pleasantly diversified 

 by pillars bearing obelisks and by corner garden- 

 houses of elaborate architectural design. A central 

 fountain breaks the straight approach to what was 

 originally the grand entrance to the hall, but a wide 

 sweep is taken around it which yet admits of nxnn 

 for narrow grass plots set with yews, probably 

 replacing the original knots. On the north side of 

 this balustered garden is a much larger one which 

 reminds us of the earlier Thornbury orchard in that, 

 around it, alley's arc " conveyed on a good height." 

 At Montacute broad terraces occupy all sides of the 

 quadrangular enclosure, to the noith and west 

 they are backed by tall clipped yew hedges, but arc 

 open to the sloping ground of the park on the east 

 and divided on the south from the lower-level 



was created by Sir Kdw.ird I'hclips during the latter 

 half of Elizabeth's reign, and I.Iangcdwyn (page 157) 

 claims a similar date, though it is difficult t<> 

 say how much of the terracing was done at the 

 first building, and how much at the time of the great 

 alterations in the Queen Anne period. There is 

 certainly now no garden architecture of an earlier 

 date than the latter, though the system of terraces, 

 dictated by the rapid fall of the land, may have been 

 carried out ere the sixteenth century ended. 



It will thus be seen that an account of Tudor 

 garden-making must necessarily IK- somewhat frag- 

 mentary from the scantiness ot surviving specimens 

 or of written record. The literature ot the period 

 helps us little, the writers ban.: mostly agricultural 

 or medical. Among others, l-it/herbcrt and Tusser 

 wrote on husbandry, Thomas Hill and I-eonani 



