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GARDENS OLD AND NFAV. 



Marshal and Duke of Norfolk. This was Jockey ot 

 Norfolk, who, knowing well without the warning 

 rhyme that " Dickon his master " was " bought and 

 sold," yet stayed with that master to die beside him 

 at Bosworth. From him descend the long succession 

 ot the Howard dukes, the second of whom led the 

 English host at Flodden, and was grandfather to two 

 ot Henry's six queens. With their high honours 



STOXK WORK WEST GARDEX. 



came misfortunes such as few houses have borne. 

 The first Duke had died in a lost battle, the second 

 was for years a prisoner in the Tower, the axe spared 

 the third Duke only by reason of the King's sudden 

 death, and he lay a prisoner all the reign of 

 Edward VI. His son, Surrey, and his grandson, the 

 fourth Duke, both suffered death on the scaffold, and 

 his great-grandson, Philip, died in the prison which 

 had received his family for five generations. The 

 persecution so long endured seemed to have rooted 

 the Howards more strongly in the soil, for, putting 

 aside extinct titles, the heads of their many branches 

 are Dukes of Norfolk, Earls of Effingham, Suffolk 

 and Carlisle, to say nothing of lesser honours. 



The Earls of Carlisle, the lords of Castle Howard, 

 come from the youngest son ot Thomas Duke ot 

 Norfolk, who suffered for his share in the plottings 

 of the Queen of Scots. This son, William Howard, 

 is that Bold Willy of Naworth whom "The Lay 

 of the Last Minstrel " calls Belted Will. His father, 

 having the little heiresses of the Lord Dacre in his 

 wardship, married one of them to his elder son, and 

 another to his youngest son William, who came into 

 the world under a queen who did not love her Howard 



cousins. In the long years ot his lawsuits concerning 

 his wife's lands Elizabeth was always at the back of 

 his enemies, encouraging their attacks and profiting by 

 their successes. During all her days he lived a poor 

 man at bay against his suitors at the law. With the 

 coming ot King James his troubles lessened, and he 

 and his constant wife, " Bessy with the braid apron," 

 took up their abode in her ancestor's castle ot 

 Naworth in Cumberland. Here he lived the lite of 

 a great country gentleman, a patriarch among his 

 sons, their wives, their children. Although he was 

 never Lord Warden of the Marches, as Scott and the 

 legend-makers have created him, he was Commissioner 

 for the Borders, and earned ill-will on all sides in 

 demanding that military and administrative efficiency 

 for which we are still striving. He farmed his lands, 

 improving the wild places ; he built and made 

 gardens, dug for Roman altars by the Roman wall, 

 and made drawings of his discoveries ; was a scholar 

 and antiquary, and the friend of such. His end 

 came in troublous times. The Scots were moving 

 after Newburn fight, and the old Lord William was 

 carried away in a litter trom his beloved castle of 

 Naworth to his house of Greystock, which he reached 

 only to die there. 



His great-grandson, Charles Howard of Naworth, 

 a boy of eleven at the old man's death, was one ot 

 those many gentlemen who, in the evil days of the 

 Civil Wars, learned to run with the hare and hunt 

 with the hounds, to their own honour and advantage. 

 As a lad he was charged by the Parliamentary 





THE Th.Ml'LE ASLKNT. 



