16 



RANUNCULACE^:. VI. ANEMONE. 



flower cream-coloured. Sims. hot. mag. ] 994. Native of the 

 Eastern parts of Russia. (Fisch.) 



Spreading Pasque-flower. Fl. Ju. Jul. Clt. 1752. PI. 1 ft. 



5 AN. PULSATILLA (Lin. spe. 759.) leaves pinnate ; segments 

 many-parted ; lobes linear ; flowers rather nodding ; sepals 6, 

 spreading. I/ . H. Native of uncultivated fields and dry hills, 

 in exposed situations throughout Europe and Siberia, in England 

 in dry open chalky pastures. Smith, eng. bot. 51. Fl. dan. 

 153. Clus. hist. 1. p. 246. f. 1. Pusatilla vulgaris, Mill. diet, 

 no. 1 . An. pratensis, With. brit. 498. An. collina, Sal. prod. 371. 



Var. ft, rubra (Lam. diet. 1. p. 163.) plant dwarf; flower 

 erect ; sepals blunter. 11 . H. Pulsatilla rubra, Dalech. lug. 

 850, f. 1. Lob. icon. 282, f. 1. 



Var. y, lilaclna (D. C. syst. 1. p. 192.) flowers lilac. I/ . H. 

 Native of Switzerland. An. intermedia, Schult. obs. 101. An. 

 longipetala, Schleich. pi. ex. helv. 



Var. S,Dahurica (D. C. syst. 1. p. 192. prod. 1. p. 17.) 

 plant dwarf, very villous ; flower erect ; sepals oblong. If. . H. 

 Native of Dahuria. 



Variations. Flower purple, blue, red, lilac, greenish and 

 white, single or double from the stamens being sometimes 

 changed into petals, and sometimes the ovaries are converted 

 into green leaflets. Stature, from a hand to a foot high. Sepals 

 acute, but in var. ft, obtuse. Var. ft, is distinguished by its 

 dwarfer stature, erect very spreading red flowers, and blunter 

 sepals. Var. y, by the peduncle and involucre being villous, 

 flowers pale lilac with the outside very pilose. Var. S is dwarf 

 and very villous, with the lobes of leaves short and very acute, 

 flower erect, sepals oblong. Perhaps the two following species 

 belong to one or other of the preceding varieties. A.Pisciensis 

 and puriicea of Sism. agr. tosc. 223. 



The plant is acrid, and will easily raise blisters ; the distilled 

 water will vomit, it cannot therefore be given with safety in dis- 

 orders of the lungs. The juice of the petals stain paper green. 

 Goats and sheep will eat it, but horses, cows, and swine will 

 refuse it. 



Pulsatilla or common Pasque-flower. Fl. Ap. May. Britain. 

 PI. | to 1 foot. 



6 AN. PRATE'NSIS (Lin. spe. 760.) leaves pinnate ; many- 

 parted ; lobes linear ; flower pendulous ; sepals 6, erect, re- 

 flexed at top. I/ . H. Native of Denmark, Scani^^Russia at 

 the river Courba, France, Germany ; in dry expos^Belds and 

 meadows. Fl. dan. t. 611. Schk. hand. t. 150. Pkitilla ni- 

 gricans, Stb'rck. lib. puls. with a figure. An. Pulsatilla ft, Lam. 

 fl. fran. 3. p. 320. An. sylvestris, Vill. daup. 4. p. 726. exclu- 

 sive of the synonymes of Gerard and Lin. An. Pusatilla, Sturm, 

 deutsch. fl. icone ? Differing from An. Pulsatilla in the flower 

 being smaller, pendulous not suberect, and of a deeper colour ; 

 sepals narrower, and more acute, connivent at base, reflexed at 

 apex. M. Storck recommends an extract or infusion of this 

 plant in chronic affections of the eyes, and also in long standing 

 siphilitic sores. In its recent stale the plant has scarcely any 

 smell, but its taste is extremely acrid, and when chewed corrodes 

 the tongue and fauces. The liquor obtained by distilling the plant 

 with water is strongly impregnated with its virtues, and the re- 

 maining extract is considerably active. It also appears from some 

 experiments to contain a camphoraceous matter, which was ob- 

 tained in the form of crystals, of an acrid taste, and very in- 

 flammable. 



Var. ft, obsoleta ; flower larger, pale ; lobes of pinnula broader, 

 awned. Sims. bot. mag. t. 186. Helw. puls.p. 65. t. ll.D.C. 

 prod. 1. p. 17. 



Meadow Pasque-flower. Fl. May. Clt. 1731. PI. -| to 1 ft. 



7 AN. ALBA'NA (Stev. mem. soc. nat. mosc. 3. p. 264.) leaves 

 pinnate ; segments many-parted ; lobes oblong-linear ; flower 

 nodding ; pedicels scarcely longer than the involucre ; sepals 



6, erect, somewhat reflexed at apex. If.. H. Native on the 

 highest mountains in Eastern Caucasus. Very like An. praten- 

 sis, but differing from it in the flower being white or cream- 

 coloured, not purple. 



White Pasque-flower. Fl. May. Clt. 1821. PI. J foot. 



8 AN. DAHU'RICA (Fisch. in lit. D. C. prod. 1. p. 17.) leaves 

 ternate with the two lateral segments sessile, unequal, 3-lobed, 

 terminal one-stalked, 3-parted ; lobes 2 3-cleft, all linear and 

 acute ; sepals 6, erect, connivent. T(. . H. Native of Dahuria, 

 at the river Ingoda. Flower flesh-coloured, size of those of A. 

 pratensis, but pale, and with the fruit of A. Pulsatilla. 



Dahurian Pasque-flower. Fl. ? Clt. 1823. PI. -J foot. 



9 AN. NUTTALIA'NA (D. C. syst. 1. p. 193.) leaves 3-parted 

 or ternate, segments cuneate, trifid, cut ; lobes linear-lanceolate, 

 elongated ; leaves of the involucre parted into linear lobes ; 

 flower erect ; sepals 5-6, erect, connivent. If. . H. Native of 

 North America, in Louisiana, banks of the Mackenzie river, and 

 valleys of the Rocky Mountains. Clematis hirsutissima. Ph. 

 fl. amer. sept. 2. p. 385. An. Ludoviciana. Nutt. gen. am. 2. 

 p. 20. in Journ. acad. sc. phil. vol. 5. p. 158. t. 8. A. patens 

 Hook fl. bor. amer. p. 4. A very distinct species, with the 

 habit almost of An. Pulsatilla. Radical leaves ternate, not pin- 

 nate. Flower purple, sometimes cream-coloured, erect, villous 

 outside as well as the base of scapes and the leaves of the invo- 

 lucre. Fruit like those of An. Pulsatilla, The young flower- 

 buds are eaten by the marmots. Hooker considers this identical 

 with An. patens, but they are evidently very distinct plants. 



Nuttall's Pasque-flower. Fl. Ju. Jul. Clt. 1826. PI. 1 ft. 



10 A. FLAVE'SCENS (Zucc. in fl. d. Gaz. bot. ratisb. 1826. p. 

 369.) leaves rising after the flower, ternate, segments many-part- 

 ed, lobes cut, linear ; flower erectly-spreading. I/ . H. Native 

 of Siberia, frequent about Omsk. Flowers yellowish. 



Yellon>ish-&ov;ete(!i Pasque-flower. PI. ^ foot. 



SECT. II. FREONA'NTHUS, (from irpijov, preon, the top of a 

 mountain ; avSoe, anthos, a flower; habitat.) D. C. syst. 1. p. 193. 

 prod. 1. p. 17. Cariopsides ending in long bearded tails (f. 6./.). 

 Leaves of involucre ternate, stalked. Flowers yellow or white. 



11 AN. ALPINA (Lin. spe. 760.) leaves biternate ; segments 

 pinnate and deeply serrated ; involucre of the same form ; flower 

 erect ; sepals 6, spreading. I/ . H. Native of sloping pastures and 

 stony places of mountains in Middle Europe, Pyrenees, Cevennes, 

 Auvergne, and Switzerland ; North America, on the eastern decli- 

 vities of the Rocky Mountains, &c. Crantz. aust. 2. p. 105. t. 3. 

 f. 2. A very variable species, as will be seen by the following 

 varieties. The transition between the extreme varieties are 

 scarcely discernible, not less so in the gardens than in the moun- 

 tains where they are gathered. Flowers sometimes the size of 

 A. coronaria, but seldom so small as A. nemerosa. Colour 

 sometimes white, sometimes white with the back purple, some- 

 times cream, yellowish or yellow with their backs paler. Sepals 

 elliptical, rarely ovate. Leaves sometimes smooth, sometimes 

 sparingly pilose, sometimes clothed with long crowded silky hairs ; 

 rising. before or with the flowers, rarely afterwards. Stature 

 variable, 1 to 2 feet, but when growing on the tops of the Alps, 

 scarcely a hand high. 



Var. a, major (Lam. diet. 1. p. 165.) flowers large, white, 

 rather purplish on the outside ; sepals elliptical ; leaves smoothish 

 or a little villous, expanding before the flower. Sims. bot. mag. 

 t. 2007. An. alpina, Vill. daup. 4. p. 726. An. apiifolia, 

 Hop. herb. val. D. C. fl. pan. ed. 3. vol. 4. p. 881. Flore 

 pleno, double-flowered variety. An. alpina. var. y, Lap. abr. 

 pyr. 308. 



Var. ft, millefoliata (D. C. prod. 1. p. 17. Bert, amcen. 374.) 

 flowers large, white, purplish outside ; sepals elliptical ; leaves 

 rising before the flowers ; segments lanceolate acute, 



