RANUNCULACE^E. XIV. RANUNCULUS. 



than the petals. I/ . H. Native of North America in wet places 

 on the sides of ponds and ditches, from New York to Carolina ; 

 on the declivities of the Rocky Mountains ; Newfoundland. R. 

 auricomus. Var. c. Bir. ren. p. 39. Flowers small. 



Var. /3, nitidus (Walt. fl. car. p. 159.) Tf.. H. Native in 

 most meadows about New York, and in muddy places on the side 

 of rivulets about Wilmington. Plant larger. Peduncles more 

 elongated. Calyx pilose, more spreading. 



Abortive Crowfoot. Fl. May, Aug. Clt. 1713. PI. 1 ft. 



75 R. RHOMBotoEs (Goldie in edinb. phil. journ. 6. p. 329. 

 t. 11. f. 1.) plant hairy-pubescent; radical leaves rhomboid, ser- 

 rated, or entire, cauline ones palmate, floral ones profoundly 

 jagged ; calyx spreading, pilose. If. . H. Native of North 

 America, common in the western parts of Canada, at Lake Sim- 

 coe, Upper Canada. R. ovalifolius. herb. Lamb. 



Jt/imnb-leaved Crowfoot. PL ^ foot. 



76 R. GLABE'RRIMUS (Hook, fl. bor. amer. p. 12. t. 5. A.) 

 leaves all stalked, radical ones roundish, quite entire, or coarsely 

 3-toothed, cauline ones somewhat cuneated, trifid ; calyx spread- 

 ing, one half shorter than the petals ; heads of carpels globose. 

 % . H . Native of North A merica, common on the mountains round 

 the Kettle Falls and on the Rocky Mountains near the limits of 

 perpetual snow. Plant quite smooth. Petals 5, oval, yellow. 



Very smooth Crowfoot. PI. -i foot. 



77 R. CARDIOPHY'LLUS (Hook, fl. bor. amer. 14. t. 5. B.) 

 plant pubescent, hairy ; radical leaves roundish-cordate, crenate, 

 and multifid, cauline ones palmately multifid ; lobes linear deeply 

 crenate ; calyx spreading one half shorter than the corolla ; heads 

 of carpels oblong. Tf. . H. Native of North America in alpine 

 prairies of the Rocky Mountains. Flowers large, golden. Car- 

 pels roundish, small, compressed, terminated by longish, hooked 

 beaks. 



Heart-leaved Crowfoot. PI. 1 foot. 



78 R. ANGULA'TUS (Presl. ex Spreng. syst. app. p. 219.) stem 

 branched, clothed with close-pressed hairs ; radical leaves on 

 long stalks, cordate-roundish, angular-lobed, toothed, stem ones 

 3-parted, deeply toothed ; carpels beaked, quite smooth. If. H. 

 Native of Sicily. 



Angular-leaved Crowfoot. PI. 1 foot. 



79 R. SCELERA'TUS (Lin. spec, 776.) leaves smooth, radical 

 ones stalked, 3-parted, with 3-lobed lobes, and bluntly toothed ; 

 upper leaves 3-parted, with oblong linear entire lobes ; floral 

 leaves oblong : calyx smooth ; carpels small collected into an 

 oblong spike. Q. H. M. Native throughout Europe, also in 

 Siberia, Cochin China, Nipaul, North of Africa, and North Ame- 

 rica, in watery places. Smith eng. bot. t. 681. Curt. fl. lend. 2. 

 t. 42. Fl. dan. t. 571. R. digitatus Gilib. exerc. phyt. t. 373. 

 Hecatbnia palustris. Lour. fl. cochin. 371. Stem branched, 

 hollow. Flowers smlal. The bruised herb is said to raise a 

 blister, which is not easily healed, and by which strolling beggars 

 sometimes excite compassion. When chewed it inflames the 

 tongue, and when taken into the stomach, it produces violent 

 effects. It is suspected to have proved poisonous to sheep. It 

 is one of the most virulent of our native plants. The distilled 

 water of this species is intensely acrimonious, and when cold de- 

 posits crystals, which are scarcely soluble in any menstruum, and 

 are of an inflammable nature. The acrimony of the herb being 

 wholly expelled in decoction, accordingly the shepherds in Wal- 

 lachia boil and eat it. 



Far. ft, umbellatus (Roxb. in Wilkl. enum. 588.) spikes of 

 carpels more oblong. O H. M. Gathered by Dr. Roxburgh 

 in the Botanic Garden of Calcutta. 



Var. y, minimus (D. C. syst. 1. p. 268.) stem dwarf; radical 

 leaves trifid. Q. H. W. Native of Tauria. 



Hurtful or Water Crowfoot. Fl. Ju. Aug. Brit. PL-* to 2 ft. 



80 R. OVA'LIS (Rafin. in journ. bot. 1814. vol. 2. p. 268.) 



VOL. I, PART I. 



Hook fl. bor. amer. 13. t. 6. B.) pubescent; radical leaves stalked, 

 cordate, ovate, crenated, rarely cleft, pilose, stem ones sessile, 

 digitate, with linear, pilose segments ; stem erect, spreading, 

 branched, pilose ; carpels turgid, obovate, smooth, scarcely beaked, 

 collected into a round head. I/ . H. Native of North America 

 in alpine prairies on the Rocky Mountains, and about Carlton 

 House. Peduncles lengthening, when in fruit, to 3 inches, 

 striated, swelling upwards. Calyx reflexed, pubescent ; equal in 

 length to the corolla. 



OeaMeaved Crowfoot. FL May, Ju. Clt. 1826. PL | ft. 



81 R. INUNDA'TUS (R. Br. prod. nov. holl. 2. ined.) leaves 

 smooth, radical ones stalked, 5-parted, with trifid lobes and linear 

 lobules which are 3-toothed at the top ; stem erect, 2-4-flowered, 

 almost naked ; peduncles opposite the leaves ; calyx smooth, 

 rounded. . H. Native of New South Wales at Williams' 

 river. Herb smooth, erect, slender. Flowers small. Sepals 

 with membranous margins. 



Inundated Crowfoot. Fl. June, Aug. PL ? 



82 R. PU'RSHII (Hook fl. bor. amer. p. 15. t. 7. B.) submersed 

 leaves, capillary-multifid ; emersed ones kidney-shaped, 3-5- 

 parted with variously cut lobes ; stem elongated, floating ; sepals 

 reflexed, twice shorter than the corolla ; carpels terminated by 

 the ensiform straight styles ; heads rather globose. %. H. W. 

 Native of North America throughout the eastern and prairie dis- 

 tricts to near the Arctic sea, upper Louisiana, &c. Never ob- 

 served floating in deep water, but sometimes spreading over the 

 surface of sphagnous bogs, more generally creeping on mud in 

 very sheltered pools of water, in shady places. Flowers yellow. 

 This aquatic plant has a very similar habit with R. aqudtilis, and, 

 like it, varies exceedingly in the length of the stems and the 

 shape of the leaves, according to its situation in deep or shallow 

 water, in more or less flowing streams, and on the almost dry mud. 



Var. a, multifidus (Ph. fl. amer. sept. 2. p. 736.) leaves all 

 capillary-multifid ; flowers larger ; stem fistulous. A. fluviatilis. 

 Bigel. fl. bost. ed. 2. p. 228. 



Var.' ft, Hookeri ; submersed leaves capillary-multifid, floating 

 ones kidney-shaped, palmately-multifid. % . H. W. Native of 

 lakes and marshes about Slave Lake, Cumberland House. Hook 

 fl. bor. amer. p. 15. t. 7. B. f. 1. 



Far. y, repens (Hook fl. bor. amer. p. 15. t. 7. B. f. 2.) lower 

 leaves linear-many-parted, upper ones kidney-shaped, palmately- 

 multifid. Found along with the preceding variety. A. Purshii 

 Richards in Frankl. journ. ed. 2. app. p. 23. 



Far. 3, Gmelini (D. C. prod. 1. p. 35.) plant creeping, leaves 

 all kidney-shaped, roundish, palmate, 3-5-lobed. Native about 

 Bear Lake, and in the Bay of Eschscholtz on the western shore 

 of extreme Arctic America and of Siberia. Hook fl. bor. amer. 

 p. 15. t. 7. B. f. 3. R. Gmelini, D. C. prod. i. p. 34, exclusive 

 of the synonym of Schlecht. R. Langsdorfii. D. C. prod. 1. 

 p. 34. Gmel. sib. 4. t. 83. B. R. Sibiricus, Spreng. syst. 2. 

 p. 652. 



Pursh's Crowfoot. FL June, Aug. PI. fit. and creeping. 



83 R. RIVULA'RIS (Banks and Soland. MSS. B.C. syst. 1. 

 p. 270.) leaves smooth on long stalks, 3-parted with wedge- 

 shaped cut partitions ; stems floating, reptant ; peduncles oppo- 

 site the leaves 1 -flowered, petals lanceolate, remote. 0. G. 

 Native of New Zealand in rivulets. A smooth, slender, creeping 

 or floating herb. Carpels awned. 



Rivulet Crowfoot. PL fit. 



84 R. ACAU'LIS (Banks and Sol. MSS. D. C. syst. 1. p. 270.) 

 leaves smooth, radical ones on long stalks, 3-parted, with oval 

 very entire lobes ; scape 1 -flowered, naked, shorter than the leaf- 

 stalks ; calyx spreading ; petals lanceolate, remote, erect. If. 

 G. ? Native of New Zealand in watery places near Opuragi. 

 Plant resembling Trifblium uniflormn. Petals with long claws. 

 Perhaps only a variety of R . rivularis. 



F 



