RANUNCULACE,. XIV. RANUNCULUS. 



Stemless Crowfoot. PI. 2 inches. 



85 R. COLLINUS (R. Br. prod. fl. nov. holl. ined. D. C. syst. 

 1. p. 271.) leaves all radical, pubescent, stalked, ternate, with 

 oval somewhat toothed segments; scape naked, 1 -flowered, 

 longer than the leaves ; calyx spreading ; petals stipitate, oval- 

 oblong. ()? H. Native of Van Dieman's Land, on hills. 

 Scapes 1 or 2 rising from the root, erect, slender, twice as long 

 as leaves. Flowers small. Calyx soon falling off. Ovaries few, 

 smooth. 



Hill Crowfoot. Fl. July. PI. | foot. 



86 R. PUMILIO (R.Br. prod. fl. nov. holl. ined. D. C. syst. 1. 

 p. 271.) leaves rather villous, 3-parted, with oblong trifid or en- 

 tire lobes ; stems erectish ; pedicels opposite the leaves ; carpels 

 villous. O- H. Native of Van Dieman's Land. A small 

 many-stemmed herb with very small flowers. Carpels 7-8, 

 pointed. This species has a little of the habit of R. colllnus, 

 but perhaps it is more closely allied to R. parviflorus and its 

 congeners. 



Dwarf Crowfoot. Fl. June, July. PI. ^ foot. 



87 R. LAPPONICUS (Lin. spec. 778.) leaves smooth, radical, 

 on long stalks, 3-parted, with dilated, blunt, toothed lobes ; scape 

 naked, 1 -flowered, longer than the leaves ; calyx of three re- 

 flexed sepals. If. . H. Native of Lapland, Sweden, and Ice- 

 land, in moist, shady places ; in North America in mossy woods in 

 the eastern and central districts, from latitude 50 to the Arctic 

 sea, eastern declivity of the Rocky Mountains in swamps, Whale 

 Island in the Arctic sea, &-c. Smith in fl. lapp. ed. 2. p. 194. 

 t. 3. f. 4. Wahl. fl. lapp. 284. t. 8. f. 2. Lin. fl. lapp. no. 231. 

 t. 3. f. 4. Habit almost of Adoxa. Petals 5-6, hardly longer 

 than the calyx. Carpels 6-10, terminated by the hooked styles, col- 

 lected into a round head. The scape is sometimes furnished with 

 one leaf. 



Lapland Crowfoot. PI. \ to ^ foot. 



88 R. HYPERBOREUS (Rottb. act. hafn. 10. p. 458. t. 4. f. 16.) 

 leaves smooth, stalked, trifid ; lobes oblong, divaricating, with 

 the lateral ones trifid or bifid and middle one entire ; sheath of 

 leaf 2-eared at the base ; carpels margined on the back, tipped 

 with a small inconspicuous point ; stem filiform, creeping. If. . H. 

 Native of Iceland, Greenland, Norway, Siberia, Lapland, North 

 America in marshes on the Rocky Mountains, Arctic Islands, &c. 

 Fl. dan. t. 331. R. Ammani Gun. fl. norv. no. 826. exclusive 

 of synonyms. R. montanus, var. a, Bir. ren. 39. R. Gmelini 

 Schlecht. anim. ran. sect. 2. p. 35. Gmel. sib. 4. t. 33. f. b. 

 Like R. Cymbaldrice, but from it easily distinguished by its trifid 

 leaves. 



Northern Crowfoot. Fl. Ap. May. Clt. 1820. PL ^ to ^ ft. 



89 R. PYGM % US (Wahl. fl. lapp. no. 286. t. 8. f. 1.) leaves 

 smooth, 3-5-cleft, radical ones stalked, cauline one sessile ; stem 

 1 -flowered ; calyx smooth somewhat reflexed, longer than the 

 petals ; carpels roundish, pointed with the short hooked styles. 

 11 . H. Native of the Alps of Norway, Lapland, in irrigated 

 places near rivulets under the rocks ; North America in moist 

 grassy places on the high parts of the Rocky Mountains, about 

 Arctic sea coast, between long. 107 and 140, about Beh- 

 ring's Straits ; on Chamisso's Island, and on that of St. Law- 

 rence ; Spitzbergen and Labrador. Wahl. fl. lapp. no. 286. t. 8. 

 f. 1. Mart, spitzb. cap. 3. t. 9. f. e. Lin. fl. lapp. no. 232. 

 var. y, t. 3. f. 3. Rchb. icon. bot. t. 2. f. 3, 4, 5. A very small 

 plant with the appearance of Saxifraga rivuldris. 



Pygmy Crowfoot. Fl. April, May. Clt. 1810. PL \ ft. 



90 R. NIVA'LIS (Gun. norv. 627.) leaves smooth, radical ones 

 kidney-shaped, stalked, 5-cleft, with entire ovate lobes, cauline 

 leaves almost sessile, palmate ; stem 1 -flowered ; calyx hairy, one 

 half shorter than the obovate blunt petals. If. . H. Native of 

 Lapland, Norway, Iceland ; North America on lofty parts of 

 the Rocky Mountains, Copper Mountains and Arctic sea coast 



in muddy pools which become dry during summer, Behring's 

 Straits, Kotzebue's Sound, Spitzbergen, &c. Mart, spitzb. 

 cap. 3. t. 1. f. d. Lin. fl. lapp, ed. 1. no. 232. t. 3. f. 2. Radical 

 leaves rising after the flower. Stem villous under the flower, and 

 furnished with two or three oval-oblong sessile cut or toothed 

 leaves. Calyx spreading. Carpels beaked. Flowers pale yellow. 



Var. ft, sulphureus (D. C. syst. 1. p. 273.) radical leaves 

 cuneated at the base, hardly lobed to the middle, middle lobe 

 half ovate, broadest at the base. Phips. voy. 202. R. nivalis 

 ft, Wahl. fl. lapp. 157. R. primus. Mart, spitz, t. 6. f. c. 



Snow Crowfoot. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1775. PI. f ft. 



91 R. SABINII (R. Br. in app. to Capt. Parry's 1st voy. 

 p. 265.) leaves 3-parted, radical ones on long petioles ; segments 

 elliptical, lateral ones semibifid ; stem leaves sessile, linear, 3- 

 parted ; calyx hairy, about equal in length to the retuse petals. 

 If. . H. Native of Melville Island, shores of the Arctic Sea 

 between the Mackenzie and Coppermine rivers. 



Sabine's Crowfoot. PL \ foot. 



92 R. A'RCTICUS (Richards in Frankl. 1st journ. ed. 1. app. 

 p. 741.) leaves quite smooth, radical ones on long stalks, hastate, 

 3-parted ; segments 3-4-cleft, obtuse ; stem leaves linear-parted ; 

 stem simple, 1 -flowered ; calyx villous, reflexed, shorter than the 

 petals which are very blunt. If. . H. Native of North America 

 in the Arctic regions. Hooker considers this identical with R. 

 ajffnis. 



Arctic Crowfoot. PL -j foot. 



93 R. FRIGIDUS (Willd. spec. 2. p. 1312.) leaves smooth, ra- 

 dical ones cuneated, obovate or orbicular deeply toothed at the 

 apex, cauline ones divided into 5 or 7 entire lobes ; stem 1- 

 flowered ; calyx hairy, shorter than the emarginate petals. If. . H. 

 Native of Northern Asia on mountains as well as on the Altaian 

 mountains in Siberia near springs. R. sulphureus, D. C. syst. 1. 

 p. 274. exclusive of the synonyms of Mart, and Wahl. R. Altai- 

 cus. Laxm. nov. comm. Gcett. acad. petrop. 1774. vol. 18. 

 p. 533. t. 8. Like R. glacialis and R. nivalis* 



Frigid Crowfoot. Fl. May, July. PL foot. 



94 11. ESCHSCHOLZII (Schlecht. anim. ran. 2. p. 16. 1. 1.) leaves 

 ciliated, radical ones stalked, 3-parted, with the partitions lobed ; 

 stem usually 2-flowered ; calyx hairy, shorter than the petals ; 

 carpels obliquely ovate, pointed. If. . H. Native of the islands 

 of Unalaschka and St. George, N. W. America ; near the limits 

 of perpetual snow on the borders of streams upon the Rocky 

 Mountains. 



Var. ft, Hookeri, petals small or abortive. 

 Eschscholz's Crowfoot. PL 2 foot. 



95 R. PBRUVIANUS (Pers. ench. 2. p. 103.) leaves rather 

 hairy, radical ones stalked, semiorbicular, crenated, cauline ones 

 sessile, cleft into many linear entire lobes ; calyx very villous. 

 If.. G. Native of Peru, in marshes on mount Antisana. Deless. 

 icon. sel. 1. t. 37. Petals 5, orbicular. Carpels ovate, compres- 

 sed, smooth. 



Peruvian Crowfoot. PL 5 foot. 



96 R. PEDUNCULA'TUS (Viv. app. fl. cors. in Schlecht. Lin- 

 naea. p. 501. Spreng. syst. 2. p. 652.) radical leaves somewhat 

 orbicular, crenate-toothed, the rest 3-parted, with the middle 

 lobe stalked, trifid, and cut ; scape usually leafless, 1 -flowered ; 

 calyx spreading. % . H. Native of Corsica. Plant pubescent 

 or hairy. 



Peduncled Crowfoot. PL i foot. 



97 R. HU MILIS (D. Don. in herb. Lamb.) plant pilose ; radical 

 leaves stalked, cordate, obtuse, slightly 3-lobed and crenate; 

 stem short ; peduncles long, radical, axillary, and terminal ; car- 

 pels rather inflated, beaked. %. H. Native of Mexico. 

 Flowers small, yellow. 



Dwarf Crowfoot. PL 1-2 inches. 



98 R. MULTICAU'LIS (D. Don. in herb. Lamb.) plant pilose ; 



