42 



RANUNCULACE.E. XV. CASALEA. XVI. APHANOSTEMMA. 



leaflets 3-lobed, hairy ; root tuberous ? bulbous ? Very like R . 

 philonbtis. 



Hornemann's Crowfoot. PL ! foot. 



185 R. OBTUSIFOLIUS (Horn. hort. hafn. 2. p. 528. Schlecht. 

 anini. 2. p. 36.) Native of Spain. Very like R. lanuginosus, 

 but the lobes of the leaves are blunt. 



Blunt-leaved Crowfoot. PL ? 



Cult. The species belonging to section Batrachium require 

 to be grown in water : those belonging to sections Ranuncu- 

 lastrum and Thbra will grow in any common garden soil, 

 either in a moist or dry -situation, and being all grumose-rooted 

 plants, they should be increased by offsets from the roots, or by 

 seeds ; those belonging to section Hecatonia, being all fibrous- 

 rooted plants, should be increased by dividing the plants at the 

 root or by seeds ; they will thrive very well in any kind of soil, 

 but a moist situation suits most of them best, and some of them 

 will grow in water, such as R. biternattis, fldmmula, lingua, &c. 

 and those belonging to section Ech'mella, being all trifling annual 

 plants, only require to be sown in the open ground ; they will 

 thrive in any kind of soil, either in a wet or dry situation. The 

 species most worth the cultivator's care are the following : R. ru- 

 tcefblus, isopyroides, glacidlis, alpestrls, aconitifolius, platanifolius. 

 Pyrenae'us, ample xicaulis, parnassijolius, gramineus, grdcilis,fu- 

 maricefblius, Jllyricus, Asiaticus, acris var. flore-pleno, repens 

 var. flore-pleno, Krapfia, and macropetalus, &c. In the cultiva- 

 tion of all, the situations where each grow naturally should be 

 consulted. 



XV. CASA'LEA (in honour of Abbate Manuel Ayres de 

 Casal, who in his Corographia Brasiliana mentions many plants.) 

 St. Hil. fl. bras. 1. p. 8. 



LIN. SYST. Polydndria, Polygynia. Calyx of 3-coloured, 

 petal-like sepals. Petals 3, sometimes only 1 or 2 from abortion, 

 usually shorter than the sepals, unguiculate, each furnished with 

 a fleshy orbicular scale on the inside at the base. Stamens 4-18, 

 but generally 6. Carpels numerous, compressed, smooth, each 

 ending in a point, disposed in hemispherical or globular heads. 

 Small, smooth, marsh herbs, with fibrous roots and erect or 

 decumbent rooting stems. Leaves entire or parted. Peduncles 

 1 -flowered opposite the leaves. Flowers small, white, or yellow. 



1 C. SESSILIFLORA (St. Hil. fl. bras. 1. p. 9.) stems prostrate, 

 hairy ; leaves 3-parted, cut, pilose, ciliated, radical ones stalked, 

 rather orbicular, upper ones almost sessile, somewhat triangular, 

 truncately-cuneated at the base ; flowers sessile ; stamens 5-6. 

 0. H. Native of Brazil in marshes, in the province of Cis Pla- 

 tine. Flowers yellowish ; petals white at the base. 



Sessile-flowered Casalea. FL Nov. PL prostrate. 



2 C. pHYTEUMjEFOLiA (St. Hil. fl. bras. 1. p. 9.) stem erect ; 

 leaves stalked, radical ones usually cordate, lower stem ones 

 ovate, middle ones oblong-rhomboid, uppermost ones almost 

 linear acute ; fruit bearing peduncles erectish ; stamens usually 

 1 2 ; heads of carpels ovate. O H. Native of Brazil in marshes 

 in the province of Minas Geraes. Ranunculus phyteumaefolius, 

 Spreng. syst. app. 218. Sepals white, a little shorter than the 

 petals, which are also white. 



Var. ft, Bonariensis (St. Hil. fl. bras. 1. p. 10.) flowers a little 

 larger than in the species ; stem more branched ; leaves all 

 toothed, radical ones a little smaller; stamens 5-12. Q. H. 

 Native of Brazil in the province of St. Paul, in marshes, and of 

 Buenos Ayres. Ranunculus Bonariensis. Pers. ench. 1. p. 103. 

 C. heterophyllus, Smith in Rees' cycl. no. 1 2. Flowers white. 



Phyteuma-leaved Casalea. Fl. Sep. PL 1 to 2 feet. 



3 C. FICARI.EFO LIA (St. Hil. fl. bras. 1. p. 10.) plant quite 

 smooth ; stem rather decumbent ; leaves cordate, angular, quite 

 blunt, upper ones rather truncate at their base, orbicularly- trian- 

 gular or ovate ; fruit bearing peduncles spreading ; flowers small ; 



petals elliptical-lanceolate ; stamens 5-6 ; heads of carpels glo- 

 bose. O H. Native of Brazil in the province of Rio Grande 

 do Sul in humid places and rivulets. Petals and sepals whitish. 



Var. ft, minor (St. Hil. fl.bras. 1 . p. 1 0.) stem much smaller, erect ; 

 leaves smaller, crenate-angular, or slightly or coarsely crenated ; 

 radical ones more orbicular than the rest ; flowers yellow. () H. 

 Native of Brazil and Buenos Ayres in marshes. Ranunculus 

 Bonariensis, Poir. diet. 6. p. 102. Deless. icon. sel. 1. p. 29. 

 D. C. syst. 1. p. 250. R. cochleariaefolius, Horn. cat. hort. 

 hafn. 



Ficaria-leaved Casalea. Fl. May, Jul. Clt. 1817. PL to | ft. 



4 C. ASCE'NDENS (St. Hil. fl. bras. 1. p. 11. t. 1.) plant quite 

 smooth ; stems ascending, slender ; leaves stalked, radical ones cor- 

 date-roundish ; coarsely crenate, stem ones cordate, crenated, up- 

 per ones rather obovate, or somewhat obovate 3-lobed, uppermost 

 ones very small, usually linear ; petals obovate-oblong ; stamens 

 usually 4; heads of carpels cylindrically-oblong. . H. Native 

 of Brazil near Monte Video in marshes. Ranunculus cordifolius, 

 Spreng. syst. app. p. 218. Flowers white ; sepals longer than 

 the petals. 



Ascending Casalea. FL Nov. PL -j to ^ foot. 



5 C. FLAGELLIFO'RMIS (St. Hil. fl. bras. 1. p. 11.) plant 

 quite smooth ; stem creeping, rooting; leaves rather orbicular, 

 cordate at the base, obsoletely angular ; flowers minute ; stamens 

 usually 5 ; heads of carpels globose. O-H. Native of Brazil 

 in the provinces of Minas Geraes and St. Paul in marshes, as well 

 as of Chili and Peru. Ranunculus flagelliformis, Smith in 

 Rees' cyclop, no. 13. D. C. syst. 1. p. 251. R. hydrocotile, 

 Domb. ined. R. reniformis, Lamb. herb. Flowers white ; petals 

 very minute, usually 2. 



Var. ft, lutescens (St. Hil. fl. bras. 1. p. 12.) leaves less cor- 

 date ; calyx and corolla yellowish. Q. H. Native of Brazil in 

 the province of Rio Grande do Sul. in bogs. 



Whip-formed Casalea. Fl. Sept. March. PL creeping. 



Cult. Casalea is a genus of trifling annual plants not worth 

 cultivating, except in the gardens of the curious. They only re- 

 quire to be sown in the open ground about the middle of April, 

 in a moist warm situation, however many of them will grow in a 

 dry situation. 



XVI. APH ANOSTE'MMA (a, priv. ; faivu, pkaino, to ap- 

 pear, trrcufta, stemma, a crown, in allusion to the small petals.) 

 St. Hil.fl. bras. 1. p. IS. 



LIN. SYST. Polydndria, Polygynia. Calyx of 5, coloured, 

 petal-like deciduous sepals. Petals 5, scarcely manifest, distant, 

 orbicular, somewhat bilabiate, in the form of glands, unguiculate, 

 with a nectariferous hollow at the base of each, deciduous. Sta- 

 mens and ovaries indefinite. Stigmas minute. Carpels rather 

 orbicular, compressed, somewhat marginate, collected into a small 

 ovate head. A smooth herb, with lobed multifid leaves. Pe- 

 duncles opposite the leaves. Corolla valvate in the bud. 



1 A. APHFO LIUM (St. Hil. 1. c.) Q. H. Native of Brazil 

 near Monte Video, as well as of Buenos Ayres in marshes. Ra- 

 nunculus apiifolius, Pers. ench. 2. p. 105. Deless. icon. sel. 1. 

 t. 26. Stem glaucous, branched, but sometimes almost simple, 

 with corymbose branched panicles. Leaves almost cordate, or- 

 bicular, obtuse, divided into 5-6 lobes beyond the middle ; lobes 

 usually trifid, middle one profoundly 5-cleft or trifid ; segments 

 more or less toothed, bluntish ; upper leaves almost sessile 3- 

 parted, with linear, narrow acute, quite entire segments, upper- 

 most leaves sessile, linear, narrow, with two membranous auricles 

 at the base of each. Sepals obtuse, white, or reddish. Petals 

 much smaller than the stamens. 



Parsley-leaved Aphanostemma. PL 1 to 2 feet. 



Cult. The seeds of this plant may be sown in a pot of earth 

 and placed in a hot-bed, taking care to keep it moist, and when 



