RANUNCULACE.E. XXIII. ISOPYRUM. XXIV. ENEMION. XXV. GARIDELLA. 





from 20 to 25. Capsules from 6 to 10, on long stalks, some- 

 what membranous, 4-6-seeded, pointed with the style, stellately 

 disposed. Small, smooth, stiffish, perennial tufted herbs, with 

 divided leaves and small white flowers. 



1 C. TRIFOLIA (Sal. in Lin. soc. trans. 8. p. 305.) leaves ternate, 

 leaflets obovate, blunt, toothed, hardly 3-lobed ; scape 1 -flowered. 

 If. . H. Native of Iceland, Norway, Greenland, Siberia, and 

 Kamtschatka in swamps in woods, North America in cedar swamps 

 and mountain bogs, (but according to Dr. Richardson it is found 

 in dry sandy and mossy places) from Canada to Virginia and 

 Labrador. Helleborus trifolius, Lin. amcen. 2. p. 355. t. 4. f. 18. 

 Lodd. bot. cab. 173. Big. med. bot. 1. p. 60. t. 5. Anem6ne 

 Greenlandica, Oed. fl. dan. t. 566. A small plant with white 

 flowers and yellow roots. It is called Tissavoyanne-jaune by the 

 French, ,all over Canada. The leaves and stalks are used by the 

 Indians for giving a fine yellow colour to several kinds of work 

 which they make of skins. The French dye wool, &c. yellow 

 with this plant. The root is used about Boston in North Ame- 

 rica as a remedy for aphthoric affections of the mouth, and also 

 aifords an agreeable stomachic bitter infusion. 



Three-leaved Coptis. Fl. Ap. Jul. Clt. 1782. PL foot. 



2 C. ASPLENIFO'LIA (Sal. in Lin. soc. trans. 8. p. 306.) leaves 

 biternate ; leaflets rather pinnatifid, very acutely serrated ; scape 

 2-flowered. I/ . H. Native on the north-west coast of America 

 and Japan. Hook fl. bor. amer. p. 23. 1. 11. Thalictrum Ja- 

 ponicum, Thunb. in Lin. soc. trans. 2. p. 337. Willd. spec. 2. 

 p. 1303. Flowers white, larger than those of C. trifolia. 



Spleenmort-leaved Coptis. PL -j foot. 



Cult. These pretty little plants will thrive best in a bed of 

 peat earth, in a moist situation, or to be kept in pots and placed 

 among other alpine plants. They may be increased by dividing 

 the plants at the root or by seeds. 



XXIII. ISOPY'RUM, (from <roe, isos, equal, irvpog, pyros, 

 wheat. A name given by the Greeks to a plant resembling Ni- 

 gella, the seeds of which had the same taste). Lin. gen. 701. 

 Gaert. fruct. 1. p. 312. t. 65. f. 5. D. C. syst. 1. p. 323. prod. 1, 

 p. 48. 



LIN. SYST. Polydndria, Polygynia. Calyx of 5, petal-like 

 deciduous sepals (f. 12. a.). Petals 5, equal, tubular, 2-lipped 

 (f. 12. 6.), with the outer lip bifid. Stamens from 15 to 20. Ova- 

 ries from 2 to 20. Styles longitudinally stigmatose on the inside. 

 Capsules sessile, 1 -celled (f. 12. c.), oblong, compressed, mem- 

 branous, many-seeded. Seeds minute, dotted (f. 12. d.). Small 

 slender, smooth, erect herbs. Leaves ternate ; leaflets stalked, 

 3-lobed, or cut, membranous. Flowers small, stalked, white. 



1 I. THALICTROI'DES (Lin. spec. 783.) capsules from Ito3; sepals 

 blunt ; root creeping-, fascicled, or FIG 12 

 grumose ; leaf-stalks dilated at the 



base into membranous auricles. 1. 

 H. Native of the Pyrenees, 

 Italy, Dauphiny, Carniolia, Silesia, 

 Hungary, Greece, &e. in mountain 

 woods. Jacq. aust. t. 105. I. 

 aquilegioldes. Lin. spec. 783. 

 Helleborus thalictroides. Lamb, 

 diet. 3. p. 98. I. thalictrifolium. 

 Sal. in Lin. soc. trans. 8. p. 306. 

 Capsules ovate, somewhat compress- 

 ed, awned with the elongated styles. 

 Flowers small, white (f. 12.) 



Meadow-rue-like Isopyrum. Fl. 

 Mar. Apr. Clt. 1759. PI. | foot. 



2 I. GRANDIFLORUM (Fisch. in 



litt. D. C. prod. 1. p. 48.) capsules from 4-5 ; scape radical, 



a 



1-flowered ; sepals oval, greatly exceeding thesize of the leaflets. 

 I/ . H. Native of the Altaian Mountains. Stamens one half 

 shorter than the sepals. Flowers white. 



Great-flowered Isopyrum. Fl. May, June. PI. 5 foot. 



3 I.FUMARIOI'DES (Lin. spec. 7 83.) capsules from 10to20; root 

 slender, simple, perpendicular ; leaf-stalks not dilated at the base. 

 0. H. Native of Siberia in groves, and among nitrous rubbish 

 in Dauria. Schkuhr. handb. 2. no. 1531. t. 153. . Helleborus 

 fumarioides, Lam. diet. 3. p. 99. I. aquilegioides, Spreng. 

 pug. 1. p. 40. no. 72. exclusive of the synonyms. Capsules com- 

 pressed, pointed with the short styles. Flowers small, white. 



Fumitory-like Isopyrum. Fl. Ju. Clt. .1741. PI. \ to ^ ft. 



4 I. ADOXOI ( DES (D. C. syst. 1. p. 324.) capsules from 2 to 5 ; 

 sepals bluntish ; root tuberous ; leaf-stalks not dilated at the 

 base. If. . H. Native of Japan near Nagasaki. I. capnoides, 

 Fisch. in litt. Capsules from 3 to 4 oblong, many-seeded. Flowers 

 small, white. 



Adoxa-like Isopyrum. PI. i foot. 



Cult. These pretty little plants will thrive well in any com- 

 mon garden soil. The perennial species may be either increased 

 by dividing the plants at the roots or by seeds. The annual spe- 

 cies only require to be sown where they are intended to remain. 



XXIV. ENE 1 MION (apparently a corruption of Anemone.) 

 Raf. journ. phys. 1820. g. 1. p. 70. D. C. prod. 1. p. 48. 



LIN. SYST. Polydndria, Tetragynia. Calyx of 5 petal-like 

 deciduous sepals. Stamens from 20 to 30, with club-shaped fila- 

 ments, and roundish 2-lobed anthers. Pistils from 2 to 6, but 

 generally 4, with the style about the length of the ovaries ; cap- 

 sules from 2 to 6, ovate, stellately disposed, compressed, pointed 

 with the styles, 2-seeded ; seeds oval. Perhaps sufficiently dis- 

 tinct from Isopyrum. 



1 EN. BITERNA'TUM (Rafin. 1. c.) I/ . H. Native of Ken- 

 tucky at Lexington. Flowers the size of those of Anemone quin- 

 quefolia, and probably white. 



Biternate-leaved. Enemion. PI. foot. 



Cult. This plant will require to be planted in a border of 

 peat soil, or in pots in the same kind of soil. It may be either 

 increased by dividing the plants at the roots or by seeds. 



XXV. GARIDE'LLA (in honour of Pierre Garidel, M.D. 

 physician at Aix in Provence, author of Histoire des Plantes qui 

 naissent en Provence, 1719, with many figures). Tourn. inst. 

 655. t. 43. Lin. gen. 541. Gaert. fruct. 2. p. 174. t. 118. 

 D. C. syst. 1. p. 325. prod. 1. p. 48. 



LIN. SYST. Polydndria, Decdndria, Trigynia. Calyx of 5, 

 deciduous, hardly petal-like sepals. Petals 5, 2-lipped, bifid. 

 Stamens from 10 to 40. Ovaries 3, connected ; styles very short. 

 Capsules from 2 to 3, many-seeded, connected together into a 2 or 

 3-celled capsule, hardly 2 or 3-horned. Small, slender, erect, 

 inconspicuous herbs. Leaves multifid, with linear segments. 

 Flowers small, whitish, solitary on the tops of the peduncles. Dif- 

 fering from Nigella in having only 3 capsules terminated by very 

 short styles, not 5-10 capsules with elongated styles. 



1 G. NIGELLA'STRUM (Lin. spec. 753.) petals sessile, spread- 

 ing; stamens from 10 to 12. Q. H. Native in sunny places 

 among olives and vines in Provence, &c. Leaves finely divided 

 like those of Delphinium consolida. Calyx purplish; corolla 

 white. Lam. ill. t. 379. f. 1. Sims, bot. 1266. Bois. fl. europ. 

 6. t. 320. 



Nigella-like Garidella. Fl. Ju. July. Clt. 1736. PL H foot. 



2 G. UNGUICULA'RIS (Lam. ill. t. 379. f. 2.) petals erect, con- 

 verging, with long claws; stamens 40. O- H. Native about 

 Aleppo. Stem angular branched. Leaves stalked, pinnately 

 jagged, with acute spreading segments. Flowers greenish brown; 



