102 



SCHIZANDRIACE^l. V. MAYNA. MENISPERMACE^E. 



sessile or on very short filaments, seated on a honey-combed re- 

 ceptacle. Ovaries numerous, crowded upon a long receptacle. 

 Berries just so many, sessile, 1 -celled, 2-seeded. Climbing or 

 twining shrubs with ovate-lanceolate or oblong leaves, and 1- 

 flowered peduncles. 



1 K. JAPO'NICA (Dunal, monogr. p. 57.) twining; leaves 

 oval, or oblong-oval, acute at both ends, serrated, smooth, thick ; 

 peduncles opposite the leaves, 1 -flowered, usually solitary, longer 

 than the petioles ; anthers sessile, immersed. >j . / ~ 1 . G. Native 

 of Japan about Nagasaki. Uvaria Japonica, Lin. spec. 756. 

 Uvaria heteroclita, Roxb. Kcemf. amcen. 476 and 185. t. 477. 

 hist. jap. 458. with a figure. Bark warted, fleshy, and clammy. 

 Petioles purplish. Flowers white. Berries 2-seeded, red, but 

 white within. 



Japan Kadsura. Fl. June, Sept. Shrub twining. 



2 K. GRANDIFLO'RA (Wall. tent. fl. nap. 1. p. 10. t. 14.) 

 twining ; leaves oblong, acuminated, serrated, netted beneath ; 

 peduncles 1 -flowered, solitary, nodding, twice as long as petioles, 

 bractless ; stamens complete ; filaments awl-shaped. ^ . / ^ > . G. 

 Native of Nipaul on Sheopore. The whole shrub smooth. 

 Flowers whitish-yellow, purplish towards the base. Berries 2- 

 seeded, in spikes on a thick clavated receptacle. 



Great-Jlowered Kadsura. Shrub twining. 



3 K. PROPI'NQUA (Wall. I.e. p. 11. t. 15.) twining; leaves 

 ovate-lanceolate, almost quite entire ; flowers in fascicles, erect- 

 ish ; peduncles furnished with bracteas, hardly equalling the 

 petioles in length ; anthers sessile, immersed. Tj . ^. S. Native 

 of Nipaul on Sheopore. Flowers solitary or twin, inodorous, 

 pale-yellow, at length orange, drooping a little. Berries 2- 

 seeded, spiked on a tuberculated receptacle. 



Allied Kadsura. Shrub twining. 



Cult. The species of Kadsura will thrive well in sandy loam 

 and peat, and ripened cuttings will strike root if planted in a 

 pot of sand,. placed under a hand-glass. 



V. MAY'NA (probably the name of M. odorata in Guiana). 

 Aubl. gujan..2.- p, 922. t. 352.. Juss. 281. Lam. diet. 3. p. 68. 

 t. 491. D.'C. syst. 1. p. 44-6. prod. 1. p. 79. 



LIN. SYST. Dicecia, Polyandria. Flowers dioecious, male 

 ones of 3 sepals and 6-9 petals (f. 27. c.) and numerous 4-sided 

 anthers (f. 27. a.). The carpels are perhaps disposed in spikes, 

 on an elongated receptacle ? Shrubs with large stalked smooth 

 leaves and small axillary flowers. 



1 M. ODORA'TA (Aubl. guian. 

 2. p. 922. t. 352.) leaves oblong, 

 quite entire. Tj . S. Native of 

 Cayenne. Pedicels numerous, ax- 

 illary, 1 -flowered. Flowers small, 

 white, sweet-scented. 



Stveet-scented Mayna. Fl. Dec. 

 Shrub 8 feet. 



2 M. SERI'CEA (Spreng. neu. 

 entd. 2. p. 158.) leaves lanceolate, 

 quite entire, silky on the under 

 surface. 1?.S. Native of Brazil. 

 Flowers stalked, axillary, aggre- 

 gate, sweet-scented, usually 6- 

 petalled. Ovaries usually 6. 



Silky-leaved Mayna. Shrub 6 

 feet. 



3 M. BRASILIE'NSIS (Raddi in act. soc. ital. 1 8. p. 23.) leaves 

 oblong, toothletted, tapering much at the base ; peduncles 8- 

 flowered. 1? . S. Native near Rio Janeiro in the dense woods in 

 the mountain of Cercovado. 



Brazilian Mayna. Tree 40 feet. 



Cult. As no species of this genus has as yet been introduced 



FIG. 27. 



into Europe, the mode of cultivating and propagating them is 

 therefore unknown, but notwithstanding we would advise their 

 being grown in a mixture of loam, peat, and sand, and ripened 

 cuttings will no doubt root if planted in a pot of sand, with a 

 hand-glass placed over them, in heat, f 



ORDER VI. MENISPERMA' CE^E (plant agreeing with Me- 

 nispermum in many important characters). D. C. prod. 1. p. 95. 

 Menispermeae, Jaum. fam. 2. p. 82. t. 86. D. C. syst. 1. p. 509. 



Flowers unisexual. Sepals and petals of a definite number, deci- 

 duous, disposed in a ternary or quaternary, rarely quinary order, 

 but the petals are sometimes absent. Stamens in the male flowers 

 monodelphous (f. 28. c.) rarely free, equal in number with the pe- 

 tals, and opposite them, rarely double that number or fewer. An- 

 thers adnate, usually adhering the whole length of the filaments, 

 bursting outwards. In the female flowers the ovaries are numer- 

 ous (f. 28. i. f. 30. a.) somewhat connected at the base, some- 

 times solitary, each bearing a style, or many-celled. Drupes nearly 

 all baccate, 1 or many-seeded, oblique or lunulate, compressed, 

 with the seeds of the same form. Embryo curved or peripheric. 

 Albumen wanting, or when present it is very sparing and fleshy. 

 Cotyledons flat, sometimes distant, and placed in the two cells of 

 the seed. Climbing or twining shrubs, mostly natives within the 

 tropics, with alternate, stalked, usually cordate or peltate, sim- 

 ple, rarely compound leaves, always with the middle nerve 

 terminating in an awn or point, destitute of stipulas. Flowers 

 small, usually racemose and axillary. This order differs from 

 Anonacece in the plants being climbing, which is very rarely the 

 case in that order, as well as in the stamens being definite, in the 

 structure of the fruit, and distinct habit of the plants, and from 

 Berbertdece in the stamens being opposite the petals. The bitter 

 diuretic sorts of Pareira brava are the produce of Cissampelos 

 Pareira. The famous Colomba-root, so much esteemed for its 

 intense bitterness, and for its use in diarrhoea and dysentery, is 

 the produce of Cocculus palmatus. The poisonous drug called 

 Cocculus Indicus is the produce of Cocculus suberbsus, and several 

 Brazilian species of Cocculus are said to possess powerful febrifugal 

 qualities, which may be said of the whole of the plants of this order 

 in a greater or less degree. The berries of Lardizabala biterndta 

 are sold in the markets of Chili, according to different travellers. 

 The seeds do not retain their vegetating power any length of time, 

 therefore they are truly difficult to import in a living state from 

 any great distance, but as none of the species are ornamental, 

 this is the less to be regretted. 



Synopsis of the Genera. 



TRIBE I. 



LARDIZABA'LEJE. D. C. prod. 1. p. 95. Flowers usually 

 dioecious. Male flowers with symmetrical number of parts (f. 28. 

 a. d.). Carpels numerous, distinct (f. 28. i.) many-seeded, 1 or 

 many-celled. Leaves compound. 



1 LARDIZABA'LA. Flowers dioecious. Sepals and petals dis- 

 posed in a ternary order (f. 28. a. d. h.) in 2 or 3 series. Male 

 flowers with 6 monodelphous stamens (f. 28. c. 6.) female ones 

 with 3-6 6-celled berries (f. 28. '.) cells many-seeded. 



2 STAUNTQ'NIA. Sepals disposed in a ternary order in 2 



