138 



PAPAVERACE.E. XII. CHELIDONIUM. XIII. HYPECOUM. 



Schkuhr. handb. 2. p. 70. t. 140. Smith, engl. bot. t. 8. G. 

 luteum, Scop. earn. 1. p. 369. Hook, fl. lond. t. 56. G. glaucum, 

 Mcench. meth. 249. G. littorale, Sal. prod. 377. 



Yellmv Horn-Poppy. Fl. Jul. Aug. England. PI. 2 feet. 



2 G. FU'LVUM (Smith, exot. bot. 1. p. 11. t. 7.) stem gla- 

 brous ; stem-leaves rotundo-sinuated ; capsules scabrous ; flowers 

 nearly sessile. $ . or 2.? H. Native of the south of Europe in 

 gravelly and sandy places by the sea-side. Chelid. fulvum, 

 Poir. suppl. 5. p. 606. Chelid. glabrum, Mill. diet. no. 5. 

 Chelid. corniculatum, var. ft, Lam. diet. 1. p. 714. Petals 

 brick-coloured, cuneated at the base, and yellow ; often some- 

 what bifid at the top, very blunt. 



Fulvous Horn-Poppy. Fl. Aug. Sept. Clt. 1802. PI. 2 ft. 



3 G. CORNICULA'TUM (Curt. fl. lond. 6. t. 32.) stem pilose; 

 stem leaves pinnatifid; capsules setose. Q. H. Native of 

 Europe, particularly towards the south, in sandy fields ; in 

 England on the sea-coast or sandy fields, very rare and perhaps 

 a doubtful native. Portland island (Lobel). 



Var. a, phoeniceum (D. C. syst. 2. 96.) 0. H. Chelid. cor- 

 niculatum, Lin. spec. 724. Mill. fig. 1. t. 143. Glaucium 

 phoeniceum, Smith, engl. bot. 1. 1433. Fl. graec. t. 489. Chelid. 

 phceniceum, Lam. fl. fr. 3. p. 169. Chelid. aurantiacum, Sal. 

 prod. 1. p. 377. Flowers crimson. An elegant plant. 



Var. P,flaviflbrum (D. C. syst. 2. p. 97.) Glaucium cornicula- 

 tum, flore flavo, Stev. in litt. Q. H. Native of Tauria by 

 way sides. Not distinct from the var. a, except the yellow 

 flowers. 



Horned Poppy. Fl. Ju. Jul. Britain. PI. foot. 



4 G. RU'BRUM (Smith, fl. graec. t. 488.) stem pilose ; stem 

 leaves pinnatifid ; capsules rather pilose. $ . H. Native be- 

 tween Smyrna and Bursa, and also in Rhodes Island by way 

 sides. Petals of a reddish-copper colour. Capsules beset with 

 very soft hairs, at last smooth, never rough with bristles. 



Red Horn-Poppy. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1828. PI. 1 foot. 



5 G. TRI'COLOR (Berh. ex Spreng. syst. app. p. 203.) leaves 

 lyrately-pinnatifid, rather pilose ; pods hairy ; petals contiguous, 

 with a broad dark spot at the base of each. 0. H. Native of 

 Thuringia and Podolia. Like G. corniculatum, var. phoeniceum. 

 Flowers scarlet with a black spot at the base of each petal. 



Three-coloured-flowered Horn Poppy. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 

 1829. PI. | foot. 



6 G. PE'RSICUM (D. C. syst. 2. p. 97.) leaves glaucous, vel- 

 vety, radical ones pinnate, lower segments smallest, terminal one 

 kidney-shaped. $ . or I/. H. Native of Persia about Tehraun. 



Persian Horn- Poppy. Fl. Ju. Jul. Clt. 1829. PI. | to 1 ft. 



Cult.. The species of Horn Poppy will thrive well in any 

 common garden soil ; they are easily raised from seeds which 

 ripen in great abundance ; these may be sown where the plants 

 are intended to remain. Some of the species are very pretty, 

 particularly G. corniculatum, rubrum, fulvum, tricolor, and Per- 

 ficum. 



XII. CHELIDO'NIUM (from X <:X ( ^, chelidon, a swallow ; 

 it is said the plant flowers at the time of the arrival of swallows 

 and dries up at their departure) C. Bauh. pin. 144. Gaert. 

 fruct. 2. p. 164. t. 115. f. 5. Juss. gen. 236. D. C. syst. 2. 

 p. 98. prod. 1. p. 122. 



LIN. SYST. Polyandria, Monogynia. Sepals 2, smooth. Petals 

 4. Stamens indefinite. Capsules elongated, 1 -celled, 2-valved; 

 valves opening from the base to the top ; stigma 2-lobed. 

 Seeds furnished with a glandular crest. Evergreen perennial 

 herbs, abounding in an acrid saffron-coloured juice. Leaves 

 stalked, pinnate ; segments toothed or lobed. Peduncles axil- 

 lary, bearing many 1 -flowered umbellate pedicels, which are fur- 

 nished each at the base with two little bracteas. Flowers 



small, yellow. The English name of the genus Celandine is a 

 corruption of Chelidbnium. 



1 CH. MA'JUS (Mill. diet. no. 1. Oed. fl. dan. t. 676.) pe- 

 duncles umbellate ; leaves pinnate ; segments roundish, den- 

 tately-lobed ; petals elliptical, entire. TJ. . H. Native through- 

 out the whole of Europe, except Lapland, in shady places along 

 the sides of walls in hedges and thickets, also in New England 

 and Pennsylvania, but certainly introduced there. In England 

 in waste grounds and thickets, especially on chalky soil. Ch. 

 majus, var. a, Lin. spec. 723. Smith, engl. bot. t. 1531. Mill. 

 fig. 1. t. 92. f. 1. Schrank, fl. mon. 2. t. 120. A very common 

 plant, from 1-2 feet high, with either double or single flowers. 

 An infusion of the root does good in jaundice, gout, and calculi, 

 it is also used to give a colour to cotton. The juice, taken in- 

 wardly, is good against dropsy, applied externally will remove 

 warts, tetters, ring-worms, itch, and clean foul ulcers, diluted 

 with milk it consumes white opaque spots on the eyes. A 

 decoction of the plant kills the vermin which are sometimes 

 engendered in putrid ulcers in horses. 



Great or Common Celandine. Fl. April, Oct. Brit. PL 2 ft. 



2 CH. LACINIA'TUM (Mill. diet. no. 2.) peduncles umbellate ; 

 leaves pinnate ; segments cut into many linear j acute, laciniated 

 lobes ; petals serrated or cut. 3i. H. Native of Germany in 

 hedges. In England about Wimbledon in Surrey ; also on the 

 Altaian mountains along the borders of rivulets. Ch. majus, 

 var. ft, Lin. spec. 724. Ch. quercifolium, Will. fl. lorr. 2. 

 p. 613. Mill. fig. t. 92. f. 2. This plant possesses the same 

 qualities as the last. 



Var. ft, fumaricefblium (D. C. syst. 2. p. 99.) lobes of leaves 

 cleft into more deep, more irregular, and much more linear lo- 

 bules. Mor. hist. 2. p. 258. 



Jagged-leaved Celandine. Fl. April, Oct. Brit. PL 2 feet. 



3 CH. GRANDIFLO'RUM (D. C. prod. 1. p. 123.) peduncles um- 

 bellate ; leaves pinnate ; segments roundish, dentately-lobed ; 

 petals roundish, crenated. % . H. Native of Dauria about 

 Nerchinsky-savod. 



Great-flowered Celandine. FL April, Oct. Clt. 1818. PL 2 ft. 



f Species not sufficiently known. 



4 CH. SINE'NSE (D. C. syst. 2. p. 100.) %. Tj. H. Native 

 of divers provinces in China, but commonly cultivated. Ch. 

 majus, Lour. coch. 1. p. 402. From the description of Loureiro 

 it differs from Ch. majus by the stems being suffruticose, and 

 the peduncles many-flowered, not umbellate. Flower yellow. 

 Root long, yellow in the inside, and is, according to Loureiro, 

 extremely bitter, and greatly esteemed among the natives of 

 Cochin-china for a variety of uses in medicine. 



Chinese Celandine. Fl. ? PL 2 feet. 



5 CH. JAPO'NICUM (Thunb. fl. jap. 221.). Native of Japan. 

 Leaves stalked, pinnate. Flowers yellow, axillary, solitary, 

 stalked. Fruit unknown, therefore it is a very doubtful species. 



Japan Celandine. Fl. ? PL 2 feet. 



Cult. The species of this genus thrive well in any common 

 garden soil, and they are easily increased by seeds, or dividing 

 the plants at the root. They grow most freely in damp shady 

 situations. 



XIII. HYPE'COUM (from vvrr^tu), hypecheo, to rattle ; noise 

 of the seeds in the pods when shaken.) Tourn. inst. 230. t. 115. 

 Lin. gen. 171. Gaert. fruct. 2. p. 164. t. 115. Juss. gen. 236. 

 Lam. ill. t. 88. D. C. syst. 2. p. 101. prod. 1. p. 123. 



LIN. SYST. Tetrandria, Digynia. Sepals 2, lanceolate. Pe- 

 tals 4, inner ones usually 3-lobed. Stamens 4. Stigmas 2, some- 

 what stipitate. Capsules silique-formed, 2-valved, transversely 

 knotted or articulated, with 2 lateral placentas. Seeds solitary 



