154 



CRUCIFERjE. II. CHEIRANTHTJS. 



plants, than those which have been saved from plants separated 

 from the double ones. Sow the seed in May, and after they reach 

 two or three inches high they should be thinned at least 9 inches 

 asunder, and the plants so taken out may be planted at about G 

 inches apart in the flower border, if the following winter should 

 be severe, the plants should be sheltered by mats, and in the fol- 

 lowing May and June they will become the greatest ornament of 

 the flower border. Fine double varieties may be propagated by 

 cuttings, which take root readily if planted under a hand-glass 

 and shaded. The Annual or Ten-week-stock should be sown at 

 three or four different times, February, March, April, and May, 

 the plants from the last sowing will continue to flower till Christ- 

 mas. Care should be taken in preserving only such single flow- 

 ering plants for seed, both of the Stock-Gilliflower and Ten-week- 

 stock, as have flowers of a fine colour. All the biennial and 

 hard shrubby species of Mathiola should be treated in the same 

 manner as that recommended for the Stock-Gilliflower, and all 

 the annual species in the manner recommended for Ten-week- 

 stocks. Fine double stocks may be planted in pots, in order that 

 they may be sheltered by a frame during winter. M. fenestralis 

 thrives best if sown on rock-work. The green-house shrubby 

 kinds thrive best in a light soil, mixed with sand, and cuttings 

 will strike root readily if planted under a hand-glass. 



II. CHEIRA'NTHUS (cheiri or kheyry, the Arabic name of 

 a plant, with very red sweet-scented flowers, and av3oc, anlhos, 

 a flower, or perhaps from x 'P> cheir, the hand, and o>/0oe, a 

 flower ; hand-flower.) R. Br. in Ait. hort. kew. ed. 2. vol. 5. p. 

 118. D. C. syst. 2. p. 178. prod. 1. p. 135. Cheiranthus species, 

 Lin. Juss. and Lam. 



LIN. SYST. Telradynamia, Siliquosa. Siliques terete or com- 

 pressed. Stigma 2-lobed or capitate. Calyx bisaccate at the 

 base. Seeds in one series, ovate, compressed. Biennial, peren- 

 nial, or suffruticose herbs, with oblong or lanceolate entire or 

 toothed leaves. Racemes elongated. Pedicels bractless, fili- 

 form. Flowers of various colours, yellow, white, or purple, or 

 party-coloured. The genus is called Wall-flower, from the species 

 growing commonly on walls. 



SECT. I. CHEI' RI (see genus for derivation ; plants agreeing 

 with Ch. Cheiri.) D. C. prod. 1. p. 135. Style almost none. 

 Seeds not margined. 



1 C. CHEI'RI (Lin. spec. 924.) leaves lanceolate, quite entire, 

 covered with 2-parted pressed hairs, or smooth ; siliques linear ; 

 lobes of stigma recurved. Tj . $ . H. Native throughout Eu- 

 rope on old walls and among stones. Schkuhr. handb. 2. no. 

 1840. t. 184. Blackw. herb. t. 176. Flowers varying in size 

 from single to double, from yellow to rusty and blood-coloured, 

 or variegated with the same colours. Some of the varieties of this 

 plant are very ornamental, particularly the double kinds, and the 

 flowers of all possess an agreeable odour. Being an acrid and 

 hardy evergreen, it is sometimes sown in pastures along with 

 parsley, thyme, &c. as a preventive of the rot in sheep. 



The most remarkable varieties of common Wall-flower are the 

 following : 



a,J!ore simplici. Single yellow. 



(j,Jlore plena. Double yellow. Lob. icon. 33. f. 2. 



y, mdximus. Large flowered yellow. 



S, serratus. Large yellow, saw-leaved. 



c, pdttilus. Double yellow, spreading. 



%,ferrugineus. Double rusty. 



S, varius. Double variegated with purple and yellow. 



i,jlavescens. Large double, pale yellow. 



K, thyrs<iideus. Bunch-flowered, yellow. 



\, gynantherus. Flowers with anthers changed into carpels. 



ft, htemdnthus. Single and double, bloody-flowered. 



Cheiri or Common Wall-flower. Fl. April, Jul. Clt. 1573. PL 

 1 to 2 feet. 



2 C. FRUTICULOSUS (Lin. mant. 94. not of spec. ed. 1.) leaves 

 lanceolate, acute, most hoary beneath, with simple pressed hairs. 



\l . H. Native of Britain on old walls. Smith, engl. bot. t. 

 1934. Cheiranthus cheiri, Huds. ang. 287. Hook. fl. lond. t. 

 147 ? D. C. syst. 2. p. 180. var. /*. Flowers yellow, corymbose, 

 sweet-scented. 



Shrubby Wall-flower. Fl. April, May. Britain. Shrub 1 or Ijft. 



3 C. ALPI'NUS (Lin. mant. 93. exclusive of the synonymes,) 

 leaves lanceolate, somewhat toothed, covered with starry-pubes- 

 cence ; stem simple, straight ; siliques spreading, six times 

 longer than the pedicels ; seeds appendiculate. If. . H. Native 

 of Norway and Lapland on the sides of high mountains. Wahl. 

 fl. lap. no. 333. t. 12. f. 1. Jacq. fl. austr. t. 74. Flowers yel- 

 low, sweet-scented. 



Alpine Wall-flower. Fl. April, July. Clt. 1820. PL | foot. 



4 C. CAPITA'TUS (Dougl. in Hook. fl. bor. amer. p. 38.) 

 plant rather rough ; leaves linear-lanceolate, more or less toothed 

 or entire, tapering much to the base, and are as well as the stem 

 covered with close-pressed 2 parted hairs ; flowers rather large, 

 in dense corymbs ; silique 3-times longer than the pedicel. 

 0. H. Native of North America on rocky places on the Co- 

 lumbia, near the sea and at Puget Sound, and on the coast of 

 California. Ch. asper, Schlecht. et Cham, in Linnaea. vol. 1. p. 

 14. Stem branched. Flowers yellow. Style thick, about a 

 line long, terminated by a capitate stigma. Seeds compressed, 

 not margined. 



Capitate Wall-flower. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1826. PL 1 foot. 



5 C. OCHROLEU'CUS (Hall. fil. ex Schleich. cat. helv. p. 16.) 

 leaves oblong-lanceolate, somewhat toothed, covered with 2- 

 parted hairs, or smooth ; steins decumbent, branched ; petals ob- 

 ovate ; siliques erect, pointed by the permanent style. If. . H. 

 Native of the Alps of Jura on the mountains called Chasseral 

 and Falconario, among stones and on rocks, and at a place called 

 Creuxdu Van. Ch. dubius, Sut. fl. helv. 2. p. 65. Ch. decum- 

 bens, Schlecht. cat. helv. Erysimum ochroleucum, var. a, D. C. 

 fl. fr. ed. 3. vol. 4. p. 658. Hall. hist. no. 449. t. 14." Flowers 

 pale yellow, scarcely scented. 



Cream-coloured Wall-flower. Fl. April, July. Clt. 1819. PI. 

 procumbent. 



SECT. II. CHEIROIDES (from cheiri, and idea, form, simi- 

 larity.). D. C. prod. 1. p. 136. Style filiform. Seeds margined. 

 Siliques 4-angled. Psilostylis, Andrz. in litt. 



6 C. TENUIFOLIUS (Lher. st. nov. p. 92.) leaves linear, 

 quite entire, somewhat silky with 2-parted hairs ; stem frutes- 

 cent, branched. Tj . F. Native of Madeira. Flowers yellow. 



Fine-leaved Wall-flower. Fl. May, Ju. Clt. 1777. Sh. 2 ft. 



7 C. MUTA'BILIS (Lher. st. nov. 1. p. 92.) leaves linear, lan- 

 ceolate, pointed, finely serrated, somewhat downy with 2-parted 

 hairs ; stem frutescent, branched. >j . F. Native of Madeira. 

 Curt. bot. mag. t. 195. Flowers at first cream-coloured, after- 

 ward becoming purple or striped. 



Changeable-lowered Wall-flower. Fl. March, May. Clt. 

 1777. Shrub 2 or 3 feet. 



8 C. LONGIFOLIUS (Vent. malm. t. 83.) leaves very long, 

 linear-lanceolate, pendulous, acuminated, remotely serrated, 

 rather downy with 2-parted hairs ; stem frutescent, branched. 

 Tj . F. Native of Teneriffe. Hesperis longifolia, Poir. suppl. 

 3. p. 195. Like Ch. mutdbilis. Flowers at first white, after- 

 wards becoming blue or purple. 



Long-leaved Wall-flower. Fl. Sep.Dec. Clt. 1815. Sh. 2to3ft. 



9 C. SCOPA'RIUS (Willd. enum. p. 681.) leaves linear-lan- 

 ceolate, acuminated, entire, rather pubescent with appressed 

 2-parted hairs ; stem shrubby, branched. Tj . F. Native of 



