CRUCIFERjE. LXXXVI. DIPLOTAXIS. LXXXVII. ERUCA. 



253 



Native of gravelly or sandy waste places in France, Italy, Ger- 

 many, Austria, Transylvania, and Britain. In Britain in sandy 

 barren ground near the sea, common throughout the isle of 

 Thanet, particularly about Ramsgate ; and below Bristol. Sisym- 

 brium murale, Lin. spec. 918. Smith, engl. bot. t. 1090. 

 Schkuhr. handb. 2. no. 1988. t. 187. A'rabis Canadensis, Mill, 

 diet. no. 6. Eruca decumbens, Moench. meth. 257. Sinapis 

 muriUis, R. Br. in hort. kew. ed. 2. vol. 4. p. 128. A very 

 variable plant in habit. Flowers smaller and paler yellow than 

 those of D. tenuifblia. 



Far. ft ; lobes of leaves more profoundly and more acutely 

 toothed. Sisymbrium erucastrum, Gouan. ill. p. 42. t. 20. 



Var. y, minor (D. C. syst. 2. p. 634.) lobes of leaves blunt 

 and more profound. Sisymbrium Barrelieri, Thuil. fl. par. ed. 

 2. vol. 1. p. 334. 



Var. S, pygmce*um (D. C. 1. c.) Sisymbrium Monense, Thuil. 

 fl. par. ed. 2. vol. 1. p. 333. 



Wall or Sand-Mustard. Fl. July, Sept. Britain. PI. 1 ft. 



10 D. BARRELIE'RI (D. C. syst. 2. p. 634.) pods sessile, erect, 

 crowned by a short, somewhat filiform style ; radical leaves run- 

 cinate, toothed, hispid ; stem naked, erect, smooth at the top. 

 Q. H. Native of Spain about Madrid, and perhaps of Italy. 

 Sisymbrium Barrelieri, Lin. spec. 919. Barrel, obs. p. 44. t. 

 1016. Stem branched. Leaves rosulate. Flowers yellow, but 

 when dry whitish. 



Barrelier'i Sand-Mustard. Fl. Ju. Jul. Clt. 1770. PI. 1 ft. 



11 D. SCAPO'SA (D. C. syst. 2. p. 635.) pods sessile, erect, 

 crowned by a short somewhat filiform style ; radical leaves 

 smooth, oblong, pinnatifid, with short entire lobes ; stems naked, 

 very short. O ? H. Native of the island Lampedosa. A 

 small, smooth, many-stemmed herb. Scapes sometimes shorter, 

 sometimes longer than the leaves. Calyx smooth. Petals obo- 

 vate, yellow. Seeds small, orbicular. 



iSca7>e-stemmed Sand-Mustard. PI. { foot. 



12 D. VIMI'NEA (D. C. syst. 2. p. 635.) pods sessile, erect; 

 style short, filiform ; radical leaves lyrate, very blunt, smooth ; 

 stem naked, somewhat decumbent. () H. Native of vineyards, 

 cultivated, and sandy places ; in France about Paris, Dauphiny, 

 Montpelier, Provence ; Italy, Naples, and Sicily about Agri- 

 gentum. Sisymbrium vimineum, Lin. spec. 919. S. pumilum, 

 Lam. fl. fr. 2. p. 516. S. vineale, Gat. fl. mont. 120. Bocc. 

 sic. 19. t. 10. A small, smooth herb, like D. murale. Flowers 

 small, yellow. Mor. oxon. 2. p. 229. no. 8. sect. 3. t. 5. f. 8. 



Twiggy Sand-Mustard. Fl. May, July. Clt. ? PL decumb. 



13 D. SAXA'TILIS (D. C. syst. 2. p. 636.) pods erect, sessile, 

 tapering to the base ; style short, conical ; radical leaves pinnate- 

 lobed, thickish, with entire lobes; stems almost naked, erect. 

 I/ . H. Native of Spain, Piedmont, and Tauria on rocks. Si- 

 symbrium Monense, Lin. spec. ed. 2. p. 918. but not of his first 

 edition. S. saxatile, Lam. fl. fr. 2. p. 517. S. repandum, Poir. 

 diet. 7. p. 209. S. Monense, var. Gerardi, Smith, in Rees' 

 cyclop. S. murale and S. vimineum, Bieb. fl. taur. ex suppl. 

 p. 439. S. Valentinum, Juss. herb. Root thick. Stem either 

 naked or leafy at the base. Calyx smooth. Flowers yellow. 



Rock Sand-Mustard. Fl. June, July. Clt. ? PI. to ft. 



14 D. RAMOSI'SSIMA (Spreng. neu. entd. 3. p. 52.) pods erect, 

 crowned by a short, terete style ; leaves all lanceolate, elongated, 

 and nearly sessile, quite smooth and quite entire. 7. H. Na- 

 tive of? Siliques terete, on long stalks. 



Much-branched Sand-Mustard. PI. 1 foot. 



15 D. SI'MPLEX (Spreng. syst. 2. p. 914.) stem almost naked, 

 smooth ; radical leaves oblong-linear, remotely toothed ; cauline 

 leaves few, linear, entire ; beak of pod filiform, crowned by a 

 capitate stigma. O- H. Native of the north of Africa. Sisym- 

 brium simplex, Viv. fl. lyb. Flowers yellow. 



Simple-stemmed Sand-Mustard. PI. 1 foot. 



16 D. SETO'SA (D. C. syst. 2. p. 699.) I/ . H. Native of the 

 Pyrenees. Turritis setosa, Lapeyr. abr. suppl. 93. Root per- 

 pendicular. Radical leaves numerous, erect, runcinate, others 

 profoundly toothed, and others pinnatifid. Stem naked. Flowers 

 capitate, crowded. Calyx erect, closed, purplish. Petals yel- 

 low, narrow, with long claws, nevertheless they are shorter than 

 the stamens. Pods long, terete, smooth, truncate. The whole 

 plant is clothed with white bristles, intermixed with white hairs. 



Bristly Sand-Mustard. PI. 1 foot. 



Cult. None of these plants are worth cultivating except in 

 general collections. The perennial species can be increased by 

 dividing the plants at the root or by seeds. The seeds of the 

 annual and biennial kinds only require to be sown in the open 

 ground. They will all grow under any circumstances. 



LXXXVII. ERU > CA(said to be fromwro, to burn; because the 

 seeds have an acrid burning taste, and when applied to the skin 

 occasion blisters.) Tourn. inst. 227. t. 111. D. C. syst. 2. p. 

 636. prod. l.p. 223. Euzomum, Link. enum. 2. p. 174. 



LIN. SYST. Tetradynamia, Siliquosa. Silique terete, crowned 

 by a large ensiform or conical style. Seeds globose, disposed in 

 a single row in each cell. Calyx erect, equal at the base. An- 

 nual erect branching herbs, with pinnate-lobed leaves, erect ter- 

 minal racemes of flowers, which are white or yellow, and beauti- 

 fully reticulated with brown veins. 



1 E. SATI VA (Lam. fl. fr. 2. p. 496.) leaves lyrately-pinna- 

 tifid, with toothed acute lobes ; stem hairy ; pedicels shorter 

 than the deciduous calyx. O- H. Native of cultivated fields 

 and by way-sides in the north of Africa, Spain, Portugal, France, 

 Switzerland, Italy, and Greece. E. foe'tida, Moench. meth. 256. 

 E. grandiflora, Cav. prsel. p. 426. Sinapis Eruca, Clairv. herb. 

 val. 220. Brassica Eruca, Lin. spec. 932. Smith, fl. graec. t. 

 646 and t. 647. Lob. icon. 204. f. 1. Chabr. sciagr. 276. f. 

 A very polymorphous plant ; it is sometimes smooth, some- 

 times hairy, from 3 inches in height to 2 feet, and the flowers are 

 very variable in colour. Perhaps numerous species are con- 

 fused under the head of varieties. The whole herb is acrid to 

 the taste, and has a strong disagreeable smell when bruised. 

 The seeds are very acrid, and blister when bruised and applied 

 to the skin ; they are also reckoned sialagogue and aphrodisiacal. 



Var. a ; flowers white ; pods smooth. Brassica Eruca, Blackw. 

 herb. 242. 



Far. ft ; flowers white ; pods pilose. 



Var. y ; flowers yellow ; pods smooth. Brdssica Eruca, Bull, 

 herb. t. 313. Schkuhr. handb. 2. no. 1870. t. 186. 



Var. S ; flowers yellow ; pods pilose. Brdssica Eruca, Var. ft. 

 Smith, fl. graec. t. 646, and 647. 



Var. c ; flowers pale ; pods smooth and turgid. Brassica 

 turgida, Pers. ench. 2. p. 207. 



Var. f ; stem smooth ; pods hispid. Brassica erucoides, Horn, 

 hort. hafn. 2. p. 621. 



Var. 17 ; stem and pods smooth. Sinapis exotica. Hort. 



Garden Rocket (Eng.) Roquette cullivee. La Rocket des Jar- 

 dins (Fr.). Rauhette (Germ.) Ruccola (Ital.). 



This plant has been known in Britain since 1573. When in 

 flower, in July, it has a strong peculiar smell, almost fetid. 

 This plant is now neglected in Britain, but is still in use in 

 several places on the continent, where the leaves and tender 

 stalks are used as salad ingredients, and form an agreeable addi- 

 tion to Mustard and Cress early in spring. The seeds should 

 be sown in a warm border, early in February, and again in 

 March and April, for successive crops. Thin the plants after 

 they have produced the first rough leaves, to 3 or 4 inches 

 apart, and keep them clear of weeds. If a supply is desired 

 throughout the year, monthly sowings may be made. They will 

 produce abundance of seed in August : for this purpose allow a 



