CRUCIFER.E. CII. RAPIIANUS. CIII. BUNIAS. 



263 



arvense, All. ped. no. 942. Raphanistrum Lampsana, Gaert. fr. 

 2. p. 300. t. 143. f. 6. Raphanistrum innocuum, Medik. in Ust. 

 new. ann. 2. p. 39. Durandea unilocularis, Delarb. fl. auv. ed. 

 2. vol. 1. p. 365. Raphanus infestus, Sal. prod. 273. Raphanis- 

 trum segetum, Baumg. fl. trans. 2. p. 280. Raphanus artieulatus, 

 Stok. bot. mat. med. 3. p. 482. White Charlock, Pet. hort. brit. 

 t. 46. f. 10. 



Var. a, albiflora ; flowers white, more or less streaked, with 

 dark veins. Weinm. phyt. t. 862. f. a. 



Var. ft, purpurdscens ; flowers purplish. Weinm. phyt. t. 862. 

 f. b Tab. icon. p. 407. 



Var. -y, flaviflbra ; flowers yellow. Tab. icon. p. 408. J. 

 Bauh. hist. 2. p. 844. icone. This variety at first sight is easily 

 confounded with Wild Charlock, Sinapis arvensis, by its yellow 

 flowers. The stems are rather glaucous. 



Linnaeus, in a dissertation in the Amoenitates Academicse in- 

 forms us, that in wet seasons this weed abounds among barley in 

 Sweden, and that being ground with the corn, the common peo- 

 ple, who eat barley bread, are afflicted with convulsive com- 

 plaints, or an epidemic spasmodic disease. M. Villars, however, 

 remarks, that this weed is so common in some of the cold moist 

 vallies of Dauphiny, that it must make great ravages there, if it 

 were as dangerous as Linnaeus has represented it, and yet this 

 spasmodic disorder is unknown in that country, nor has it ever 

 been heard of in England, where it abounds. Kroker has proved 

 the plant to he harmless, and recommends it as a nutritious food 

 for domestic quadrupeds, and as very agreeable to bees. 



Wild-Radish or Jointed-podded Charlock. Fl. June, July. 

 Britain. PI. Ij to 2 feet. 



5 R. ODESSA'NUS (Spreng. syst. 2. p. 855.) pods 1-celled, 8- 

 angled, furrowed, equal in length with the compressed style ; 

 leaves somewhat lyrate, alternately runcinate. O H. Native 

 about Odessa. Raphanistrum Odessanum, Andrz. and Bess. 



Odessa Radish. Fl. Ju. July. PI. 2 feet. 



6 R. LA'NDRA (Moretti, fl. insubr. ined. D. C. syst. 2. p. 668.) 

 pods 1-celled, jointed (f. 47. m.\ somewhat striated, 2-6-seeded, 

 longer than the subulate style ; leaves interruptedly lyrate. $ . 

 H. Native of Italy, Insubria, very common among wheat and 

 rye. Flowers yellow. Deless. icon. sel. 2. p. 94. The radical 

 leaves of this plant are prepared with oil, and eaten as a salad 

 by the poor inhabitants of Insubria ; and is by them called 

 Landra. Roots fusiform, yellowish. 



Landra Radish. Fl. Ju. July. Clt. 1820. PI. 2 to 3 feet. 



7 R. MARITIMUS (Smith, eng. bot. t. 1643.) pods 1-celled, 

 jointed, striated, 2-6-seeded ; style conical, shorter than the 

 ultimate joint of the pod ; leaves interruptedly-lyrate. $ . H. 

 Native of many parts of Europe by the sea side, Britain, in the 

 Isle of Bute, on the sea beach, 3 miles from the Mull of Gal- 

 loway ; in various parts of the coast of Ayrshire, and on rocks 

 near Beachy Head, Sussex. Flowers yellow, scarcely veined. 

 Root large, succulent, sometimes, according to Dr. Walker, last- 

 ing three years, and preferable to Horse-Radish for the table. 

 Cattle were observed by Dr. Walker to be very fond of the 

 herbage. Raphanus raphanistrum, var. y, Smith, fl. brit. 2. p. 

 723. Great White Charlock, Pet. herb. brit. t. 46. f. 11. 



Sea-side-Radish. Fl. May, June. Britain. PI. 3 to 4 feet. 



t Species not sufficiently known. 



8 R. LANCEOLA'TUS (Willd. spec. 3. p. 562.) pods 2-celled, 

 ventricose, smooth, with a somewhat 4-sided beak ; leaves ob- 

 long-lanceolate, somewhat toothed at the top. O. ? H. Native 

 of the Antilles. Sinapis integrifolia, West. St. Cruc. p. 222. 

 from W r illd. Flowers middle-sized, yellow. Pods half an inch 

 long. 



iance-leaved Radish. Fl. ? PI. 1| foot. 



1 



9 R. BIARTICULA'TUS (Willd. enum. suppl. p. 46.) pods su- 

 berose, thick, 2-jointed ; joints 1-celled, 1 -seeded ; lower leaves 

 lyrate, upper ones oblong, toothed. O- H. Native of China. 

 'Perhaps a species of Rapistrum or Didcsmus. 



Two-jointed-podded Radish. Fl. Ju. July. PL 1 foot. 



Cult. None of these plants are worth cultivating for orna- 

 ment, therefore those species not used for culinary purposes are 

 only worth preserving in botanic gardens. The seed only re- 

 quires to be sown in the open ground, and the plants afterwards 

 treated as other hardy annuals. 



SUB-ORDER IV. SPIROLO'BEJi (from airetpa, speira, a 

 circle, and \o/3oe, lobos, a lobe ; because of the spirally twisted 

 cotyledons, f. 45, k. 1.) D. C. syst. 2. p. 670. prod. 1. p. 229. 

 Cotyledons incumbent, linear, spirally or rather circinnately con- 

 volute (f. 45. k. /.). Seeds somewhat globose. 



Tribe XVII. 



BUNIA'DEjE (plants agreeing with Bunias in some import- 

 ant characters,) or SPIROLO'BE^E (See Sub-Order IV.) 

 NUCAMENTA'CEjE (nucamentum, a cat-kin ; shape of pods.) 

 D. C. syst. 2. p. 670. prod. 1. p. 229. Silicic nucamentaceous, 

 indehiscent, 2-4-celled (f. 46. s.). Cotyledons truly circin- 

 nately twisted (f. 45. k. I.). 



CIII. BLTNIAS (from /3ouvoe, bounos, a hill ; because the 

 plants usually grow in elevated situations.) R. Br. in hort. 

 kew. ed. 2. vol. 4. p. 75. D. C. syst. 2. p. 670. prod. 1. p. 229. 



LIN. SYST. Tetr adynamia, Siliculbsa. Character the same 

 as the Tribe. Erect, branched herbs. Root perpendicular, sim- 

 ple. Stems round, furnished with sessile glands on the upper 

 part, the rest somewhat villous with lymphatic hairs. Leaves 

 pinnatifidly-runcinate, or entire. Racemes elongated ; pedicels 

 filiform, somewhat spreading, bractless. Flowers yellow. 



SECT. I. ERUCA'GO (from eruca, rocket ; analogy.) D. C. 

 syst. 2. p. 670. prod. 1. p. 229. Tourn. inst. 232. t. 103. 

 Calyx erect. Petals obcordate, bluntly emarginate. Silicle 4- 

 sided (f. 47. .), with the angles furnished with crested wings, 

 and somewhat toothed, terminated with the filiform style ; inside 

 4-celled. 



1 B. ERUCA' GO (Lin. spec. 935.) pods 4-sided, angles crested ; 

 radical leaves runcinate. O- H. Native of cultivated fields 

 throughout the south of Europe ; especially Spain, south of 

 France, Dauphiny, Italy, Austria, and Greece. Jacq. aust. t. 

 340. Boiss. fl. eur. t. 460. Myagrum erucago, Lam. diet. 1. 

 p. 571. no. 12. Myagrum clavatum, Lam. fl. fr. 2. p. 482. 

 Erucago dentata, Mcench. Erucago Monspeliaca, Jaume. Eru- 

 cao campestris, Desv. Erucago runcinata, Horn. Flowers 

 drooping at night. 



Rocket-Eunias. Fl. Apr. Jul. Clt. 1640. PI. 1 to 1| foot. 



2 B. A'SPERA (Retz. obs. 2. p. 21.) pods 4-sided; angles 

 crested ; leaves all lanceolate. . H. Native of Portugal, on the 

 banks of the Douro, near Oporto. Myagrum asperum, Poir. 

 suppl. 2. p. 47. Erucago aspera, Horn. hafn. 2. p. 593. 



Var. ft, cristata (D. C. syst. 2. p. 672.) lower leaves sinu- 

 ately-toothed. Bunias aspera, Brot. fl. lus. 1. p. 562. B. cris- 

 tata, Desv. 



Rough Bunias. Fl. June. Clt. 1820. PI. If foot. 



SECT. II. LAE'LIA (Lael, the name of some botanist.) D. C. 

 syst. 2. p. 672. prod. 1. p. 230. Silicles ovate, 2-celled. 



3 B. ORIENTALS (Lin. spec. 936.) pods ovate, 2-celled, not 

 crested, but somewhat warted. 1. H. Native of grassy and 

 cultivated places, in Transylvania; very common throughout 

 European Russia, and in Siberia. It is now very common about 



