278 



CAPPARIDEjE. XII. CADABA. XIII. SCHEPPERIA. XIV. SODABA. XV. CAPPARIS. 



6 ; leaves 3-nerved, ovate-orbicular. Tj . G. Native of Persia, 

 near Ispahan. 



Three-nerved-leaved Cadaba. Shrub 10 feet. 



8 C. CAPPAROI'DES (D. C. protl. 1. p. 244.) stipulas spinose ; 

 stamens 6 ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, feather-nerved. fy . G. 

 Native of New Holland and the island of Timor. Petals 3, long- 

 clawed. 



Capparis-like Cadaba. Shrub 10 feet. 



Cult. The species of Cadaba will thrive well in a mixture of 

 loam and peat ; and cuttings will root freely if planted in a pot 

 of sand, and then placed under a hand-glass. 



XIII. SCHEPPE'RIA (meaning unknown). Neck.elem.no. 

 1392, D. C. prod. 1. p. 244. 



LIN. SYST. Monadelphia, Octdndria. Calyx 4-sepalled, spread- 

 ing. Petals 4. Torus elongated. Stamens 8, monadelphous 

 around the torus, but free at the top. Nectary concave at the 

 base of the torus. Silique fleshy, stipitate within the calyx. 

 Flowers white or dirty yellow. 



1 S. JU'NCEA (B.C. prod. 1. p. 245.) ^.G. Native of 

 the Cape of Good Hope. Cleome juncea, Lin. suppl. 300. 

 Macromerum junceum, Burch. trav. 1. p. 388, and 492. A 

 leafless shrub, or with small deciduous leaves. 



Rushy Schepperia. Shrub 3 feet. 



Cult. See Cadaba for the culture and propagation. 



XIV. SODA'B A (from Sodab, the Arabic name of the plant.) 

 Forsk. descr. 81. D. C. prod. 1. p. 245. 



LIN. SYST. Octdndria, Monogynia. Calyx 4-sepalled, upper 

 sepal large, concave. Petals 4, unequal. Stamens 4, 8, or 16. 

 Torus small. Ovary on a long stipe, ovate, 4-furrowed. A diffuse 

 shrub, with spinose stipulas, and many axillary pedicels. Flow- 

 ers red ; stamens brownish-green. Fruit red, bigger than a hazel- 

 nut, eatable when dressed before it is ripe. (Forsk.) This is 

 probably the Suag of Dr. Oudney's Journal, which he observed 

 at Aghedem, and is said to be a tetrandrous plant, " having a 

 small drupe, which is in great request about Bournou and Soudan, 

 for removing sterility in females ; it is sweetish, and hot to the 

 taste, approaching to Water-cress ; and that in passing the plant 

 a heavy narcotic smell is always perceived." Mr. Brown does 

 not consider this genus generically distinct from Capparis. 



1 S. DECI'DUA (For.sk. 1. c. Del. segyp. 74. t. 26.) Tj . G. 

 Native of Arabia and Upper Egypt. Hombak. Adans. fam. 2. 

 p. 408. Capparis Sodaba, R. Br. Petals red. Anthers yellow. 



Deciduous Sodaba. Shrub 6 feet. 



Cult. See Cadaba for culture and propagation. 



XV. CA'PPARIS (kabir is the Arabic name of C. spindsa, 

 which the Greeks have changed to Kcnnrapis, the Latins to Cap- 

 paris, the French to Caprier, and the English to Caper). Lin. 

 gen. no. 643. D. C. prod. 1. p. 245. 



LIN. SYST. Polydndria, Monogynia. Calyx 4-parted (f. 52. 

 a.). Petals 4 (f. 52. &.). Torus small. Stalk of fruit slender 

 (f. 52. rf.). Stamens indefinite (f. 52. c.). Siliques somewhat 

 baccate (f. 52. /.), stipitate. Shrubs with entire simple leaves, 

 and mostly white flowers. This genus ought perhaps to be 

 divided into several genera. 



SECT. I. EUCA'PPARIS (from tvg, eus, genuine, and Kcnnrapis, 

 capparis; this section contains the genuine species of Capparis.) 

 D. C. prod. 1. p. 245. Capparis, Plum. gen. 39. Bud of flower 

 globose (f. 52. a.), with ovate, imbricated, concave, blunt, un- 

 equal sepals. Stalk of fruit long (f. 52. d.}. Species all from 

 the old world or New Holland, not from America. 



1 . Pedicellares, (from pedicellus, a pedicle ; because the pe- 

 dicels are solitary.) D. C. prod. 1. p. 245. Pedicels axillary, 



solitary (f. 52. e. a.), or rarely with 2 or 3 rising from the tame 

 centre. Flowers polyandrous (f. 52. c.). 



1 C. MARIA' NA (Jacq. h. Schccnbr. 1. 109.) unarmed ; leaves 

 roundish, somewhat cordate, smoothish, 10-times longer than 

 the petiole; pedicels 1- flowered, solitary, length of the leaves. 



J? . S. Native of Marianne Islands, Timor and the Mauritius, 

 Capparis cordifolia, Lam. diet. 1. p. 609. Flowers large, white. 

 Resembling C. sp'mdsa in habit. 



Marriane Islands' Caper- tree. Clt. 1820. Shrub 4 feet. 



2 C. SANDWICHIA'NA (D. C. prod. 1. p. 245.) unarmed; 

 leaves elliptical, smoothish, scarcely 3-times longer than the 

 petiole ; pedicels solitary, 1 -flowered, length of the leaves. 



^ . G. Native of the Sandwich Islands. Flowers white. 

 Sandwich Caper-tree. Fl. May, Aug. Shrub 4 to 6 feet. 



3 C. CHINE'NSIS ; unarmed ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, acu- 

 minated, quite smooth ; pedicels 1 -flowered, solitary, a little 

 longer than the petioles. Tj . G. Native of China. C. acumi- 

 nata, Lindl. bot. reg. 1320. but not of Vahl. Petals white, 

 tinged with red at the base. Stamens white ; anthers blue. 



China Caper-tree. Fl. Sept. Clt. 1820. Sh. 4 to 6 feet. 



4 C. RUPE'STRIS (Sibth. and Smith, fl. grsec. t. 487.) unarmed; 

 leaves roundish, fleshy, deciduous ; pedicels 1 -flowered, solitary, 

 longer than the leaves. Jj . F. Native of Crete and Mycon 

 on rocks by the sea-side. C. spinosa, Curt. bot. mag. 291. 

 Flowers large, with white petals and red stamens. 



Rock Caper-tree. Fl. May, Aug. Shrub 6 feet. 



5 C. SPINO'SA (Lin. FIG 52 

 spec. 720.) stipulas spi- 

 nose, hooked ; leaves 



ovate, roundish, decidu- 

 ous ; pedicels solitary, 

 1 -flowered. Tj . F. Na- 

 tive of southern and 

 eastern Europe on walls 

 and rocks. In the Gre- 

 cian islands on rocks by 

 the sea-side. Blackw. 

 herb. t. 417. Smith, 

 spic. 18. t. 12. fl. graec. 

 486. There is a variety with abortive stipulas and ovate leaves, 

 which are more or less hoary. Flowers white, tinged with red on 

 the outside ; filaments red. The flower-bud (f. 52. a.) of this 

 plant is the well-known pickle the Caper. 



The chief supply of caper buds is from Sicily, but the 

 plant is cultivated in the neighbourhood of Toulon in orchards, 

 in the intervals between fig and olive trees, and in the neigh- 

 bourhood of Paris, where it is trained on low walls, and 

 the shoots, during winter, laid down and covered with earth, 

 to protect them from the frost. The plant is cultivated on 

 a large scale between Marseilles and Toulon, and in many parts 

 of Italy. The plant is raised from suckers or cuttings, which are 

 planted about 10 feet distance from each other. They require 

 shelter from severe winds, and favourable exposure to the sun, 

 and scarcely ever suffer from drought or heat. In spring they need 

 only one dressing ; in autumn they are cut down to within six 

 inches of the ground, and covered with the surrounding earth, 

 which is raised about them on all sides. In the succeeding 

 spring they are laid bare to the crown of the stump, and they 

 soon throw out fresh shoots. In the early part of the summer 

 they begin to flower, and a succession of them continues till 

 they are destroyed by the cold of the advancing winter. In 

 this country it is generally treated as a frame plant, though it 

 has stood the winter in the open air in some situations. A plant 

 stood near a century against the wall of the garden of Camden 

 House, Kensington ; it produced many flowers annually, though 



