298 



CISTINE^E. I. CISTUS. 



Flowers resembling the Rose ; petals very fugacious, usually 

 lasting only for a day ; they are yellow, white, rose, and purple, 

 with the claws usually of a different colour from the limbs. The 

 branches are usually covered with clammy gluten. 



This order is nearly allied to Violarieoe, but differs from it in the 

 flowers being always regular, and in the stamens being indefinite. 

 It differs from Bixmece in the petals being always present, in the 

 different aestivation of the petals, as well as in the albumen being 

 mealy, and in the leaves never being furnished with pellucid 

 dots. The common Rock-Rose gives a good idea of this order. 

 The plants are all very ornamental, and are particularly well cal- 

 culated for ornamenting rock-work or dry banks. The seeds of 

 all retain their vegetative power for years, therefore they are 

 easily introduced in a living state from any part of the world. 



The gum called Ladanum is the produce of a species of Cistus, 

 it exhales a fragrant perfume when burnt, and possesses highly 

 tonic and stomachic properties. 



Synopsis of the Genera. 



1 CISTUS. Calyx of 5 sepals, 2 outer ones unequal or ab- 

 sent. Capsule covered by the calyx, 10-5-celled, from bearing a 

 dissepiment in the middle of each valve. 



2 HELIA'NTHEMUM. Calyx of 3 equal sepals or of 5 unequal 

 sepals. Capsule triquetrous, 1-celled, 3-valved, with a narrow 

 dissepiment, or a placentarious nerve in the middle of each valve. 



3 HUDSO'NIA. Calyx of 5 equal sepals. Capsule 1-celled, 

 3-valved, 1-3-seeded. 



4 LE'CHEA. Calyx of 3 sepals, guarded by 2 bracteas. Pe- 

 tals 3. Capsule 3-valved, with a nerve or narrow dissepiment 

 in the middle of each valve. 



I. CI'STUS (ioToe in Greek is derived from Ki<n-(j, kiste, a 

 box or capsule ; because of the remarkable shape of the cap- 

 sules.) Tourn. inst. 259. t. 136. Gasrt. fr. t. 76. D. C. fl. fr. 

 4. p. 811. prod. 1. p. 263. Cisti, spec. Lin. 



LIN. SYST. Polydndria, Monogynia. Calyx of 5 sepals ; 

 sepals disposed in a double series, 2 outer ones unequal, some- 

 times wanting. Petals 5, equal, somewhat cuneated, caducous. 

 Stamens numerous, usually exserted from the glandular disk. 

 Style filiform. Stigma capitate. Capsule covered by the calyx, 

 5 or 10 valved, with a seminiferous partition in the middle of each 

 valve, therefore 5 or 10 celled. Seeds ovate, angular. Embryo 

 filiform, spiral. Elegant, erect shrubs or sub-shrubs, with oppo- 

 site, exstipulate, entire, or somewhat toothed leaves, and axillary, 

 1 or many-flowered peduncles. Flowers large, beautiful, resem- 

 bling a single Rose, red or white. 



SECT. I. ERYTHROCI'STUS (from epvdpof, erythros, red, and 

 KIOTOC, cislus ; because the flowers of all the species in this sec- 

 tion are red- or purple.) D. C. prod 1. p. 264. Outer sepals 

 narrowest, and usually smallest, inner ones concave at the base, 

 with scarious margins. Petals rose-coloured, red or purple, 

 with a yellow spot at the base of each. Capsule 5-celled, from 

 having 5 seminiferous partitions, one in the middle of each 

 valve. 



' %. 1. Peduncles \-florvered, axillary or terminal, solitary or 

 umbellate. Style cylindrical, generally longer than the stamens. 

 Stigma capitate, 5-furrorved. 



1 C. PURPU REUS (Lam. diet. 2. p. 14.) leaves oblong-lanceo- 

 late, acuminated at both ends, wrinkled ; footstalks short, hairy, 



sheathing; peduncles 1-2 or 3 together. ^ F- Native of the 

 Levant. Petals reddish-purple, marked at the base with a dark 

 purple spot, imbricate. Flower-bud large. Ker. bot. mag. t. 

 408. Sweet, cist. t. 17. 



Purple~fiovrered. Rock-Rose. Fl. Ju. Jul. Clt. ? Sh. 2 feet. 



2 C. HETEROPHY'LLUS (Desf. fl. all. 1. p. 411. t. 104.) leaves 

 ovate-lanceolate, on short footstalks which are sheathing at the 

 base; margins revolute ; peduncles hairy, leafy, 1 -flowered, 

 1-3 together. Tj . F. Sweet, cist. t. 6. Native of Algiers, on 

 dry hills. Corolla large, red, yellow at the base. Petals imbricate. 



Variable-leaved Rock-Rose. Fl. Ju. Jul. Clt. ? Shrub 2 feet. 



3 C. PARVIFLO'RUS (Lam. diet. 2. p. 14.) leaves ovate, acute, 

 somewhat tomentose, drawn out into the footstalks at the base, 

 and somewhat connate ; peduncles 1 or 3 together, almost ter- 

 minal. Tj . F. Native of Crete. Sweet, cist. t. 14. Smith, 

 fl. graec. t. 495. Corolla small, purplish. Petals distinct. 



Small-forvered Rock-Rose. Fl. Ju. Jul. Clt. ? Shrub 3 feet. 



4 C. COMPLICA'TUS (Lam. diet. 2. p. 14.) leaves roundish- 

 ovate, bluntish, approximate, clothed with white tomentum, under 

 surface reticulated ; footstalks dilated at the base, with pilose 

 margins, channelled above and sheathing at the base ; peduncles 

 short, 1 -flowered, 3 or 4 together, somewhat terminal. Tj . F. 

 Native of the Levant ; also of the mountains of Valentia, in Spain. 

 Flowers small, rose-coloured, or purplish. 



Complicated Rock-Rose. Fl. Ju. Jul. Clt. 1818. Sh. 3 feet. 



5 C. VILLO sus (Lam. diet. 2. p. 12.) leaves roundish-ovate, 

 wrinkled, tomento.se and hairy, stalked ; footstalks furrowed, 

 connate at the base ; peduncles 1-flowered, 1 or 3 together ; se- 

 pals villous. Tj . F. Native of Italy, Spain, and Barbary. 

 Cistus pilosus, Lin. spec. 737. Duh, arb. 1. p. 67. t. 64. Petals 

 large, reddish-purple, spreading, imbricate at the base. 



Villous Rock-Rose. Fl. Ju. Jul. Clt. 1640. Sh. 3 feet. 



6 C. ROTUNDIFO'LIUS (Sweet, cist. t. 75.) leaves roundish- 

 ovate, obtuse, flat, wrinkled, reticulately veined, clothed on both 

 surfaces with fascicled hairs ; petioles furrowed, somewhat 

 sheathing at the base ;" peduncles very hairy, rather cymose ; 

 sepals cordate, acute, pilose ; petals imbricate. ^ . F. Native 

 of the south of Europe. Cistus villosus, /3, virescens, D. C. 

 prod. 1. p. 264. ? Barrel, icon. 1315. Petals purple, with a 

 yellow mark at the base of each. 



Round-leaved Rock- Rose. Fl. June, Sept. Clt. 1640. Sh. 

 1 foot. 



7 C. CRE'TICCS (Lin. spec. 1. p. 738.) leaves spatulate-ovate, 

 tomentosely-hairy, wrinkled, drawn out along the short footstalk, 

 waved on the margin ; peduncles 1-flowered ; sepals villous. 

 fj . F. Native of Crete and Syria. Jacq. icon. rar. 1. t. 95. 

 Sweet, cist. t. 63. Smith, fl. graec. 495. Buxb. cent. 3. p. 34. 

 t. 64. f. 1. Petals purple, yellow at the base, imbricate. 

 Sepals acuminate. Capsule pilose, round. 



Var. /3, crispatus (D. C. prod. 1. p. 264.) leaves waved or 

 curled. Flowers purple. 



Var. y, Taurkus (D. C. prod. 1. p. 264.) leaves flat, very 

 villous on the under surface, as well as sepals. Tj . F. Native 

 of Tauria. Cistus Creticus, Bieb. Flowers purple. 



Cretan Rock-Rose. Fl. Ju. July. Clt. 1731. Shrub 2 feet. 



8 C. INCA'NUS (Lin. spec. 737.) leaves spathulate, tomentose, 

 wrinkled, somewhat 3-nerved, sessile, somewhat connate at the 

 base, upper ones narrower ; peduncles 1-3-flowered. tj . F. 

 Native of Spain, and France about Narbonne. Curt. bot. mag. 

 t. 43. Smith, fl. graec. 494. Petals emarginate, reddish-purple, 

 imbricate. 



Hoary Rock-Rose. Fl. Ju. Aug. Clt. 1596. Shrub 3 feet. 



9 C. CANE'SCENS (Sweet, cist. t. 45.) leaves oblong-linear, blunt- 

 ish, tomentose, hoary, waved, rather 3-nerved, sessile, somewhat 

 connate at the base; peduncles terminal, 1-flowered, or some- 

 what cymose ; sepals ovate, acute, nerved, clothed with starry 



