VIOLARIE.E. IV. VIOLA. 



321 



5 V. FLABELLIFO' LIA (Lodd. bot. cab. 777.) stigma as in V. pe- 

 data ; style pubescent ; leaves pedately 5-7-parted ; partitions 

 cuneated, cut ; stipulas jagged, adhering a considerable way ; 

 petals smooth. If. H. Native of North America. V. pedata, 

 var. bicolor, Pursli, fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 171. V. atropurpurea, 

 Raf. in litt. Flowers large, pale blue, ornamented with dark 

 purple at the edge, and velvety at the bottom. 



Fan-leaved Violet. Fl. May, June. Clt. PI. foot. 



6 V. PALMA'TA (Lin. spec. 1323.) nearly smooth, or some- 

 times a little pubescent ; stigma capitate, recurved, beaked, de- 

 pressed, marginate ; rhizoma fleshy, thick ; leaves hastately-cord- 

 ate, palmately-lobed ; lobes polymorphous (rarely undivided) ; 

 sepals ciliated, ovate-lanceolate, entire behind ; lateral petals 

 bearded, with the claws of all keeled. If. . H. Native of North 

 America. Flowers blue. 



Far. a, vulgaris (Elliot, sket. ]. p. 300.) outer lobes of leaves 

 with small acute segments at the base. 



Var. ft,fragrans (Elliot,!, c.) leaves more dissected ; flowers 

 fragrant. Native near Savannah. 



Far. y, dilatata (Elliot, 1. c.) pubescent ; leaves profoundly 

 dissected. Common in Carolina and Upper Georgia. This is 

 the type of the species, according to Schwein. 



Far, S, variegala ; leaves of 2 formes, later ones 3-lobed ; 

 lateral lobes deeply lobed, middle lobe large and not so deeply 

 lobed as the lateral ones ; flowers variegated with blue and 

 white. If. . H. Native of North America. Sepals not ciliated. 



Palmate-leaved Violet. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1752. PI. 

 \ foot. 



7 V. HETEROPHY'LLA (Muhl. cat. ex Le Conte in ann. lye. 

 new york, 2. p. 139.) smooth ; leaves cordate, elongated-ovate, 

 rather acute, crenate-toothed, entire, and somewhat palmately 5- 

 lobed, with the intermediate lobe much larger and broader than 

 the rest; peduncles somewhat tetragonal, longer than the leaves ; 

 sepals awl-shaped, emarginate behind ; petals all entire, veined, 

 white at the base, superior petal villous at the base, lateral ones 

 bearded, and with the inferior one marked with a few blue lines. 

 7. H. Native of North America in Georgia and Carolina, in 

 humid places and in rice grounds . V. palmata var. hetero- 

 phylla, Elliot, D. C. Leaves esculent and mucilaginous. 



Var. ft, albiflora (Le Conte, 1. c.) flowers white ; leaves entire, 

 but when in flower a little lobed. Leaves esculent and mucila- 

 ginous, which is the case with most of the violets of this section. 



Farious-leaved Violet. Fl. April, May. Clt. ? PI. | foot. 



8 V. CONGE V NER (Le Conte in ann. lye. new york, 2. p. 

 140.) always villous ; leaves broad-ovate, cordate, rather kid- 

 ney-shaped, deeply crenate-toothed, so as to appear lobed ; pe- 

 tioles very villous ; peduncles somewhat tetragonal, shorter 

 than the leaves ; sepals ciliated, ovate, obtuse, entire behind ; 

 petals all entire, veined, white at the base, upper petal nar- 

 rowest, sometimes rather villous at the base ; lateral ones densely 

 bearded, and with the inferior one marked with a few blue 

 lines. 1^- H. Native of North America along with V. palmata, 

 but is easily distinguished at first sight by the yellowish-green 

 colour of its leaves. Flowers blue, white at base, or of a deep- 

 violet. Perhaps the same as the following. 



Congener Violet. Fl. March, July. Clt. PI. % foot. 



9 V. TRI'LOBA (Schwein. amer. journ. 5. no. 1.) stigma capi- 

 tate, recurved, beaked, depressed ; rhizoma fleshy, thick ; leaves 

 smooth, of two forms, some of them nearly kidney-shaped, others 

 3-lobed ; lateral lobes small, sub-divided. If. . H. Native of 

 Carolina, in fertile woods and meadows. Flowers deep blue. 

 V. palmata, var. triloba, Ging. mss. in D. C. prod. 1. p. 292. 



Three- lobed-\ea\ed Violet. Fl. April, June. PI. I foot. 



f f Leaves cordate, entire. 



10 V. ASARIFOLIA (Pursh. fl. amer. sept. 2. p. 732. not of 



VOL. I. PAKT. IV. 



Muhl.) stigma globose, not marginate ; rhizoma very thick, coral- 

 formed ; leaves large, cordately kidney-shaped, undivided, cre- 

 nately-toothed, pubescent ; lateral petals bearded ; pedicels snorter 

 than the leaves. If. . H. Native from Virginia to North Caro- 

 lina, in low, rich woods and meadows. Flowers blue. 



Asarabacca-leaved Violet. Fl. May, Ju. Clt. 1820. PI. \ ft. 



11 V. PAPILIONA'CEA (Pursh. fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 173.) stigma 

 triangular, marginate ; rhizoma fleshy, thickish ; leaves triangu- 

 larly-cordate, acute, crenated, rather cucullate, smoothish; 3 

 lower petals connivent, bearded beneath the middle, 2 upper 

 ones reflexed. Tj. . H. Native of North Carolina, and near 

 Philadelphia, in humid places. Rcem. et Schult. syst. 5. p. 356. 

 V. barbata, Willd. MSS. ? Flowers blue, striated, and bearded 

 with yellow down. 



Far. a, sepals acuminated,; leaves triangularly-cordate, acu- 

 minated. 



Far. ft ? sepals ovate ; leaves cordate, acutish. 



Butterfly Violet. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1800. PI. \ foot. 



12 V. AFFI'NIS (Le Conte in ann. lye. new york, 2. p. 138.) 

 plant smooth ; leaves ovate, cordate, rather acuminated, crenate- 

 toothed ; peduncles somewhat tetragonal, shorter than the leaves ; 

 sepals ovate-lanceolate, either entire or emarginate behind, 

 rather blunt ; petals entire, veiny, 2 lateral ones bearded, Tf.. H. 

 Native of North America. V. cucullata, Schweinitz and Torrey. 

 V. sororia, Pursh. fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 173. V. papilionacea 

 var. ft, D. C. prod. 1. p. 292. Flowers blue, white at the 

 bottom, upper petal villous as well as the rest, lateral ones 

 bearded, lower one marked with a few blue lines. 



Neighbouring Violet. Fl. April, June. Clt. 1802. PI. $ ft. 



13 V. CUCULLA'TA (Ait. hort. kew. 3. p. 288.) stigma trian- 

 gular, marginated ; rhizoma fleshy, thick ; leaves smooth, cordate, 

 acute, serrated, cucullate at the base ; peduncles longer than 

 the petioles ; limb of lower petal narrow, beardless, with the 2 la- 

 teral ones bearded, all obliquely twisted ; claws of all keeled. If. . 

 H. Native of North America, in wet places, common. Flowers 

 blue, white at the base. Sims, bot. mag. 1795. V. oblfqua, 

 Pio. diss. p. 12. t. 3. f. 1. V. cucullata, ft, glaberrima, D. C. 

 prod. 1. p. 292. Sepals subulate, emarginate behind. 



Far. ft, hispidula (D. C. prod. 1. c.) leaves with a short acu- 

 men, rather hispid on the upper surface. Flowers blue? 



Far. y, cardiformis (D. C. prod. 1. c.) leaves cordate, hardly 

 acuminate, rather hispid on the upper surface ; rhizoma perpen- 

 dicular, blackish. Perhaps a species. 



Hooded-\eaved Violet. Fl. April, Ju. Clt. 1762. PI. ^ to ^ ft. 



14 V. IMBE'RBIS (Ledeb. fl. alt. 1. p. 257. icon. fl. pi. ross. 

 alt. ill. t. 236.) stemless ; leaves cordate, acute, serrated, rather 

 pilose ; peduncles length of leaves, furnished with bracteas in 

 the middle ; sepals lanceolate, acuminated, ciliated at the base ; 

 petals oblong, obtuse, beardless ; spur elongated, blunt, a little 

 incurved, i/ . H. Native of Siberia Altaica. Flowers viola- 

 ceous. Like F. macroceras, but the petals are not bearded. 



Beardless-petalled Violet. Fl. April, May. PL foot. 



15 V. OBLI'QUA (Ait. hort. kew. 3. p. 288.) stigma triangular, 

 marginated ; rhizoma fleshy, thick ; leaves smooth, cordate, 

 acute, crenately-serrated, flattish ; flowers erect; peduncles length 

 of leaves ; petals obliquely twisted ; lateral ones very narrow, 

 and longer than the rest, bearded beneath the middle. H.. H. 

 Native from Pennsylvania to Virginia, in wet shady places. Flow- 

 ers white, with purple and yellow veins. Viola cordata, Walt, 

 car. 219. ? 



Oblique-petalled Violet. Fl. April, June. Clt. 1762. Pl.^ft. 



* Roots wrinkled, more or less ligneous, and branched. 



t Leaves pinnate, or lobed. 



16 V. PINNA'TA Lin. spec. 1323.) stigma triangular, emar- 

 Tt 



