322 



VIOLARIE^E. IV. VIOLA. 



ginated ; root divided, rather woody ; leaves pinnately many- 

 parted ; partitions many-lobed ; sepals ovate ; 2 lateral petals 

 bearded ; seeds turbinate, foveolate at the base, reddish. If. . H. 

 Flowers pale blue, with darker veins. This species is smaller 

 than V. pedata; leaves generally as deeply divided into about 

 5 segments, which are either 3-cleft or pinnatifid, as well as 

 jagged, and very narrow. 



Var. a, Sibirica, (D. C. prod. 1. p. 293.) leaves pinnate- 

 parted ; partitions pinnatifid, densely ciliated ; capsules more 

 acute, and the seeds are smaller than in Var. ft. Native of 

 Siberia. Gmel. sib. 4. p. 101. t. 48. f. 4. 



Var. ft, European (D. C. prod. 1. c.) leaves pinnatifid ; fissures 

 many-lobed, remotely ciliated ; capsules obtuse ; seeds large. 

 Native of the mountains of Switzerland and Savoy. All. mis- 

 cell, taur. 3. p. 181. t. 5. f. 2. Hall, hist. no. 561. 



Pinnate-leaved Violet. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1752. PI. % ft. 



17V. DISSE'CTA (Led. fl. alt. 1. p. 255. icon. pi. fl. ross. alt. 

 ill. t. 232.) stemless ; leaves 3-parted ; segments multifid, 

 toothed, smooth ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, acute, rather shorter 

 than the spur ; 2 lateral petals bearded. If. . H. Native on the 

 Altaian mountains, about Barnaoul, and elsewhere. V. multi- 

 fida, Willd. herb. Gmel. sib. 4. p. 101. no. 66. Flowers largeish, 

 violet. Root (rhizoma ?) horizontal, branched. 



Dissected-leaved Violet. Fl. May. PI. ^ foot. 



18 V. DACTYLOI^DES (Rcem. et Schult. syst. 5. p. 351.) stigma 

 marginated ; root divided, hard ; leaves palmately 5-7-cleft ; 

 leaflets oblong-lanceolate, grossly serrated, under surface villous ; 

 sepals ovate ; 2 lateral petals bearded. l/.H. Native of birch 

 forests about Irkoutck and Nertschinsk-Sawod. V. palmata, 

 Patrin. herb. Gmel. sib. 4. p. 100. t. 49. f. 3. Flowers pale 

 blue, with darker veins. 



Finger-grass-le&ved Violet. Fl. April, June. Clt. 1820. 

 PI. ^ to | foot. 



f f Leaves ovate-cordate, or lanceolate. 



19 V. VARIEGATA (Fisch. in litt. et D. C. prod. 1. p. 293.) 

 style marginated ; root sub-divided, hardish ; leaves ovate- 

 cordate, or roundish ; capsules obtuse ; seeds ovoid, reddish. 

 11 . H. Native of Dahuria. V. maculata, Patrin. herb, but 

 not of Cav. Stipulas lanceolate, ^-adhering, denticulated. 

 Leaves violaceous on the under surface, obscurely green on the 

 upper surface, white at the veins, and rather hispid. Spur cy- 

 lindrical, straight, length of sepals. In fruit-bearing plants the 

 leaves are large, roundish, almost glabrous. Flowers pale violet, 

 very like those of V. pinnata. Capsules obovate-trigonal. 



Variegated-leaved Violet. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1817. PL 

 | foot. 



20 V. CALTHSFO'LIA (Poir. diet. 8. p. 627.) leaves ovate-cor- 

 date, obtuse, somewhat crenated, rather hairy ; peduncles shorter 

 than the leaves. If . H. Native ? Perhaps the same as V. asari- 



folia? Capsules ovate-triquetrous. Seeds globose. Flowers 

 blue. Lateral petals bearded ? 

 Caltha-leaved Violet. PI. i foot. 



21 V. PHYTEUM^FO'LIA (B.C. in herb. Lamb.) pubescent ; 

 stigma? leaves oblong-ligulate, obliquely cordate at the base, 

 obtuse at the apex ; peduncles twice the length of the leaves ; 

 sepals lanceolate, acute ; spur blunt, shorter than the sepals ; 

 petals obovate-oblong, lower one retuse, lateral ones bearded ; 

 stipulas linear, entire, acute. i;.F. Native of New Holland. 

 Peduncles 6-9 inches high. Flowers about the size of those of 

 y. calcarata. Like V. ovata. 



Phyteuma-leaved Violet. PI. ^ foot. 



22 V. FRIMULJEFO'LIA (Lin. spec. 1324. exclusive of the syno- 

 nym of Gmel.) stigma marginate ; root fibrous, rather branched; 

 leaves smoothish, ovate, rather cordate at the base, running down 

 into bordered footstalks, obscurely crenate ; stipulas free ; sepals 



smooth, lanceolate, rather obtuse ; 2 lateral petals bearded at 

 the base, lower one acuminated. If. . H. Native of Pennsyl- 

 vania, Virginia, Carolina, and New Jersey, in humid places. 

 Flowers small, white, veined, the lower petal with dark purple. 



Var. a, cordata (D. C. prod. 1. p. 293.) smoothish. footstalks 

 shorter than the leaves ; scapes twice the length of the leaves. 

 If. . H. Native of North Carolina. V. primulse folia, Ait. hort. 

 kew. ed. 2. vol. 2. p. 45 ? Schwein. amer. journ. 5. no. 1. p. 48. 

 V. cordata, Wad. ? ex Bosc. Flower blueish, sweet-scented. 



Var. ft, Boscii (D. C. prod. 1. c.) smoothish ; footstalks almost 

 none ; scapes hardly exceeding the leaves. "if. . H. Native of 

 Carolina. PI. 6 inches high. 



Cowslip-leaved Violet. Fl. April, June. Clt. 1783. PI. ^ 

 to 3 foot. 



23 V. LANCEOLA'TA (Lin. spec. 1323.) stoloniferous ; stigma 

 marginate, beaked ; leaves lanceolate, tapering to both ends ; sti- 

 pulas free ; sepals lanceolate ; 2 lateral petals bearded. 1. H. 

 Native of North America in humid places. V. lanceolata, Lin. 

 spec, exclusive of the Siberian variety. Lodd. bot. cab. t. 211. 

 Sweet, fl. gard. 174. Flowers white, thelower and lateral petals 

 painted with purple veins. Leaves serrated. 



Var. ft, leaves ovate, truncate at base. If. . H. Native of 

 Georgia and Carolina. Perhaps a variety of V. primulcefblia. 

 Spear-leaved Violet. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1759. PI. i foot. 



24 V. ATTENUA^TA (Sweet, hort. brit. p. 37.) smooth ; leaves 

 lanceolate, acute, and somewhat serrated, gradually tapering 

 down the petiole ; peduncles scarcely longer than the leaves ; 

 segments of the calyx acute ; petals beardless, 2 upper ones 

 roundish ; stigma recurved, distinctly beaked, capitate, not mar- 

 ginate. !(.. H. Native of North America, from Canada to 

 Pennsylvania, in overflowed meadows. Flowers white, scentless ; 

 the upper petal painted with purple veins. V. lanceolata, Pursh, 

 fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 172. Nutt. gen. amer. 1. p. 150. but not 

 of Lin. 



A ttenuate-leaved Violet. Fl. Ju. July. Clt. 1759. PI. ft. 



25 V. PATRINII (D. C. mss. and prod. 1. p. 293.) stigma 

 triangular, marginated ; trunk of root hardish ; leaves ovate- 

 lanceolate, truncate at the base ; sepals lanceolate ; 2 lateral 

 petals bearded ; stipulas one-half adhering. If. . H. Native of 

 Siberia. V. prunellaefolia, Fisch, in litt. Flowers pale blue. 

 Petioles 3 or 4 times longer than the leaves. 



Patrin' s Violet. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1822. PI. | foot. 



26 V. LONGISCAPA (D. C. in herb. Lamb.) smooth; stigma? 

 leaves oblong, rounded at both ends, somewhat attenuated at 

 the base, almost entire, or with 1-3 teeth on each side at the 

 base ; peduncles twice the length of the leaves ; sepals ovate- 

 lanceolate, obtuse, entire ; petals all smooth ; spur a hollow 

 pouch, not half the length of the sepals, y.. F. Native of 

 New Holland. Peduncles 8 inches high. Flowers about the 

 size of those of V. bldnda. 



Long-scaped Violet. PI. -| foot. 



27 V. C.KSPITO'SA (D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 205.) smooth ; 

 leaves oblong, obtuse, crenulate, rounded at the base ; petioles 

 winged, 3-times shorter than the leaf; scapes exceeding the 

 leaves in length ; segments of the calyx lanceolate, acute ; pe- 

 tals obovate, entire, 2 lateral ones bearded. I/ . F. Native of 

 Nepaul, at Chitlong. V. primulsefolia, Hamilt. mss. V. Pa- 

 trmii, y, Nepaulensis, D. C. prod. 293. Flowers violaceous. 



Tufted Violet. Fl. April. Clt. 1824. PI. -1 foot. 



28 V. CHINE'NSIS ; root annual ; leaves oblong-ovate, rather 

 cordate, smooth, crenated, running into the petiole at the base ; 

 peduncles long; petals all beardless. Q. H. Native of China, 

 near Canton, in uncultivated places. Flowers purple, sweet- 

 scented. V. primulsefolia, Lour. 



Chinese Violet. Fl. June, July. PI. ^ foot. 



29 V. ACU TA (Bigel ex Spreng. syst. append, p. 96.) leaves 



