VIOLARIE^E. XII. GONOHORIA. XIII. RINORIA. XIV. ALSODEA. XV. CERANTHERA. 



341 



fl. bras. 1. p. 29. t. 20. Physiphora Isevigata, Sol. mss. The 

 green leaves are very mucilaginous, and have an herbaceous taste, 

 the negroes in many of the cantons in the environs of Rio Janeiro 

 eat them with their food. M. Aug. St. Hilaire is of opinion 

 that the leaves would acquire a more agreeable taste if the 

 shrub was planted in good soil under the shade of trees, in order 

 to blanch them. Loboloba is the Brazilian name of the shrub. 

 Lobolobo Gonohoria. Fl. Sept. Nov. Shrub 6 feet. 



5 G. CAsiANEiEFOLiA (St. Hil. 1. c. p. 495.) leaves alternate 

 and opposite, crowded at the top of the branches, oblong ; lan- 

 ceolate sharply serrated, mucronate, with the lateral nerves 

 parallel, rather prominent ; racemes compound, rather loose, 

 pubescent ; urceolus cup-shaped ? girding the ovary. Tj . S. 

 Native of Brazil in hedges not far from Rio Janeiro. 



Chesnut-leaved Gonohoria. Fl. Aug. Shrub 6 feet. 



6 G. RACEMO'SA ; leaves opposite, oblong, acuminated, quite 

 entire, smooth on both surfaces ; racemes opposite, elongated ; 

 pedicels cymose ; filaments lanceolate, acute, serrulated ; cells of 

 anthers horned. Tj.S. Native of Brazil. Alsodea racemosa, 

 Mart. fl. bras. 1. p. 29. t. 20. Flowers small, white. 



Racemose-Row ered Gonohoria. Fl. Nov. Dec. Shrub 6 feet. 



7 G. CU'SPA (H. B. et Kunth, 7. p. 242. under Gonoria.} leaves 

 elliptical-oblong, obtuse, quite entire, smooth, shining above, 

 upper ones opposite ; peduncles simple, bracteate. Jj . S. Na- 

 tive of New Granada. Alsodea Cuspa, Spreng. syst. append, p. 

 99. Flowers white, small. Cuspa is the name of the tree in 

 New Granada, where its bark is celebrated for its frebrifugal 

 qualities both in powder and in decoction. 



Cuspa Gonohoria. Tree 20 feet. 



8 G. MEGAPOTA'MICA ; leaves elliptical, oblong, quite entire, 

 reticulately veined, rather pubescent beneath ; peduncles cymi- 

 ferous, axillary, bifid ; filaments bearded on the back. ^ . S. 

 Native of Brazil at Rio Grande. Alsodea, Spreng. syst. app. p. 99. 



Rio Grande Gonohoria. Shrub 6 feet. 



Cult. The species of the genus Gonohoria will grow well in 

 a mixture of loam and sand, and young cuttings will root freely 

 under a bell-glass if planted in sand. None of the species have 

 yet been introduced to the gardens. 



XIII. RINO'REA (Rinori is the name of R. Guianensis in 

 Guiana.) Aubl. guian. 1. p. 235. t. 93. D. C. prod. 1. p. 312. 



LIN. SYST. Pentandria, Monogynia. Character the same as 

 Gonohbria, but with the filaments dilated from the base and joined 

 into an urceolus, girding the ovary, and bearing the anthers lower 

 down, approximate. Middle-sized trees. Leaves alternate, 

 stipulate ; stipulas deciduous. Flowers in racemes ; racemes 

 axillary or terminal, loosely panicled. Pedicels drooping, 1- 

 flowered, bearing a bractea at the base of each, with two smaller 

 ones toward the middle, and joint- 

 ed. Flowers small, white. Ovary 

 ovate, 3-lobed, 1 -celled, 3-seeded. 

 According to St. Hilaire this genus 

 does not differ from Gonohbria. 



1 R. GUIANE'NSIS (Aubl. guian. 

 1. p. 235. t. 93.) flowers in com- 

 pound racemes ; leaves deeply-ser- 

 rated. Tj . S. Native of Guiana 

 and Brazil. Gonohoria Rinoria, 

 St. Hil. in mem. mus. 11. p. 495. 

 Alsodea paniculata, Mart. fl. bras, 

 p. 30. t. 21. 



Guiana Rinorea. Tree 14 feet. 



2 R. ? INTEGRIFOLIA (Ging. mss. 

 and D. C. prod. 1. p. 313.) pe- 

 duncles solitary or in pairs, 1- 



FIG. 65. 



flowered; leaves entire. Tj . S. Native of Brazil. Gonohoria 

 alternifolia, Spreng. new entd. 2. p. 151. Flowers whitish. 



Entire-leaved Rinorea. Tree 15 feet. 



Cult. The species of this genus should be cultivated in the 

 same manner as Gonohoria, which see. 



XIV. ALSO'DEA (from aXo-wcijje, alsodes, leafy; plants 

 thickly beset with leaves.) Pet. Th. hist. veg. afr. 2. p. 55. t. 17 

 and 18. nov. gen. madag. p. 55. D. C. prod. 1. p. 313. 



LIN. SYST. Pentandria, Monogynia. Sepals acute, imbricate, 

 3 exterior and 2 interior. Petals alternate, longer than the 

 sepals, twisted in aestivation. Stamens alternating with the petals ; 

 filaments loosened from or adnate to the urceolus which girds the 

 ovary, hence dilated into ligulse, not unguiculated, bearing the 

 anthers at the base of those ligulae, exceeding the ovary in 

 length ; lobes of anther usually drawn out at the apex into bristly 

 appendages. Urceolus simple on the outside, or girded or 

 furnished with various appendages. Ovary simple. Style club- 

 shaped. Capsule covered with the permanent calyx and corolla, 

 obversely turbinate, bluntly 3-sided. Seeds one or two in each 

 valve. Cotyledons orbicular. Shrubs or trees from Mada- 

 gascar. Leaves usually alternate, feather-nerved ; stipulas small, 

 deciduous. Flowers small, whitish, racemose ; racemes axil- 

 lary and terminal. Pedicels bracteate, jointed. 



1. Urceolus simple. 



1 A. PAUCIFLORA (Pet. Th. 1. c. p. 57. f. 17.) urceolus of 

 stamens simple ; leaves wedge-shaped on short footstalks ; 

 flowers few, somewhat corymbose ; pedicels reflexed. Tj . S. 

 Native of Madagascar in shady places. 



Few-flowered Alsodea. Shrub 4 feet. 



2 A. ARBO'REA (Pet. Th. 1. c. p. 57.) urceolus of stamens 

 simple ; leaves on long footstalks, deflexed ; flowers panicled. 

 fj S. Native of Madagascar. 



Tree Alsodea. Clt. 1823. Tree 20 feet. 



2. Urceolus girded. 



3 A. ANGUSTIFO'LIA (Pet. Th. 1. c. p. 57. 1. 17. f. 1.) urceolus 

 of stamens girded ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, toothed ; racemes 

 spiked. Tj . S. Native of Madagascar. 



Narrow-leaved Alsodea. Shrub 6 feet. 



4 A. LATIFO'LIA (Pet. Th. 1. c. p. 57. t. 18. f. 2.) urceolus 

 of stamens girded; leaves ovate, obtusely-acuminated ; racemes 

 glabrous, dense. ^ . S. Native of Madagascar. 



Broad-leaved Alsodea. Clt. 1823. Shrub 6 feet. 



5 A. PUBE'SCENS (Pet. Th. 1. c. p. 57. t. 18. f. 3.) urceolus 

 of stamens girded ; leaves ovate, cuneated at the base, serrated ; 

 racemes loose, pubescent. Ij . S. Native of Madagascar. 



Pubescent-racemed Alsodea. Shrub 6 feet ? 



Cult. The species of this genus will thrive best in a mixture 

 of loam and sand, and young cuttings will strike root under a 

 bell-glass if planted in a pot of sand, placed in heat. 



XV. CERANTHE'RA (/orpae, keras, a horn, and 

 anthera, an anther ; in allusion to the lobes of the anthers being 

 terminated by a bristle.) Beauv. fl. ow. 2. p. 11. t. 65. D. C. 

 prod. 1. p. 313. Passalia, Banks herb, ex Brown, congo, p. 

 21. Alsodea species, Spreng. 



LIN. SYST. Pentandria, Monogynia. Sepals acute. Petals 

 lanceolate, twice the length of the sepals. Urceolus toothed, 

 joined with the petals at the base, situated between the petals 

 and stamens. Filaments unguiculate at the base ; hence dilated 

 into petal-like scales at the apex, bearing the anthers high 

 up at the base of the scales ; lobes of anthers bristly ; claws 

 of filaments adnate to the urceolus, but free at the top. 

 Ovary ovate. Capsules unknown. Shrubs. Leaves alternate, 



