342 



VIOLARIEjE. XVI. PENTALOBA. XVII. SPATULARIA. XVIII. HYMENANTIIERA. XIX. PIPAREA. 



broad. Flowers in panicled racemes ; pedicels bracteate. 

 Flowers small, greenish-yellow. 



Obs. From the figures of Beauvais, fl. ow. 1. c. the struc- 

 ture of the stamens appears to be the same as those of Gonokoria, 

 but differs in the stamens being fixed to the inner parietes of 

 the urceolus, not free as in Gonohoria. It differs from Alsbdea 

 as Rinoria does from Gonohoria, in the filaments being ungui- 

 culate, not dilated from the base, and bearing the anthers high 

 up, not low down. 



1 C. DENTA'TA (Beauv. fl. ow. et ben. 2. p. 11. t. 65.) leaves 

 ovate-lanceolate, toothed ; petals lanceolate-ovate. Tj . S. Na- 

 tive of Buonopozo in the kingdom of Waree, and in many 

 other parts of Guinea, Sierra Leone, Cape Coast, and the Island 

 of St. Thomas, Isles de Los, &c. Flowers small, yellowish- 

 white. 



Toothed-leaved Ceranthera. Fl. March, April. Clt. 1824. 

 Shrub 6 feet. 



2 C. SUBINTEGRIFO'LIA (Beauv. 1. c. t. 66.) leaves lanceolate- 

 oblong, rarely with sinuated margins ; petals ovate. T? . S. 

 Native about the town of Waree and many other parts of Guinea. 

 Flowers white. 



Subentire-leaved Ceranthera. Fl. Ju. Jul. Clt. 1824. Sh. 6 ft. 



Cult. These shrubs will thrive best in a mixture of loam and 

 sand, and young cuttings will root if planted in sand under a 

 bell-glass, plunged in heat. 



XVI. PENTA'LOBA (from THLVTI, pente, five, and \o/3oc, 

 lobos, a lobe ; in allusion to the 5-lobed berry.) Lour. coch. 

 p. 154. B.C. prod. 1. p. 314. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Monogynia. Sepals 5, lanceolate, 

 erect, pilose. Petals 5, lanceolate, somewhat reflexed at the 

 apex, conniving into a little bell at the base. Nectary 5- 

 toothed, erect ; filaments 5, filiform, flattish, standing upon the 

 incisures of the nectary, almost equal in length to the corolla. 

 Ovary pilose. Style short, pilose ; stigma simple. Berry 

 roundish, 5-lobed, 1 -celled, 5- seeded ; seeds ovate. A middle- 

 sized tree with alternate leaves, and pale, sessile, crowded flowers. 

 Perhaps a congener of Alsodea ? 



1 P. SE'SSILIS (Lour. fl. coch. p. 154.). T? . G. Native on 

 mountains in Cochin-China. Flowers whitish. 



Sessile- fiowered Pentaloba. Tree 20 feet ? 



Cult. This tree should be grown in a mixture of loam and 

 peat. Young cuttings will root under a bell-glass, if planted 

 in sand. 



XVII. SPATULA'RI A (from spatula, a spatula ; form of 

 petals). St. Hil. in mem. mus. 11. p. 491. t. 24. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Mono- FIG 66 



gynia. Calyx small, 5-parted, 

 rather unequal (f. 66. c.}, deci- 

 duous. Petals 5, elliptical, in- 

 serted at the base of the calyx (f. 

 66. &.), with long claws, spa- 

 tulate, rather unequal, deciduous, 

 with the claws conniving into 

 a tube (f. 66. &.). Stamens 5 

 (f. 66. fl.), inserted in the base 

 of calyx and alternating with the 

 petals, deciduous ; filaments flat ; 

 anthers drawn out at the apex 

 into a membranous point (f. 66. 

 a.) affixed by their base, open- 

 ing lengthwise from the front to 

 the sides. Style 1, tapering at 

 the base (f. 66. e.), and denti- 



culated at the apex. Stigma hardly manifest (f. 66./.). Ovary 

 free, 1 -celled, many-seeded (f. 66. d.) ; ovulse numerous, fixed 

 to 3 parietal placentas. Shrub. Leaves alternate and opposite, 

 simple, toothed. Stipulas caducous. Peduncles 1-4, terminal, 

 bracteate at the base, 1-3-flowered ; pedicels erect, jointed, and 

 when there are three together they constitute a little umbel. 



1 S. IONGIFO LIA (St. Hil. 1. c. p. 492. t. 24.) Pj . S. Native 

 of Brazil near Rio Janeiro in old woods on a mountain called 

 Corcovada, but very rare. Petals white or pale violet. 



Long-leaved Spatularia. Fl. Oct. Shrub 6 feet. 



Cult. For propagation and cultivation see Ceranthera. 



XVIII. HYMENANTHE'RA (from K/IIJ, hymen, a mem- 

 brane, and avdripa, anthera, an anther ; alluding to the anthers 

 being terminated by a membrane, or probably from the scales en 

 the back). Banks herb, ex R. Br. cong. p. 23. 



LIN. SYST. Penldndria, Monogynia. Sepals 5, imbricate. 

 Petals 5, alternate, ovate, acuminated, at last reflexed, longer 

 than the calyx, obliquely imbricated in aestivation (R. Brown). 

 Structure of stamens approaching to Ftola, but closed together 

 at the base into a monodelphous disk ; with a scale opposite each 

 on the back. Style very short. Stigmas 2, acute. Capsules 

 somewhat baccate (when dry rough and reticulately veined) 

 thin, ovate (1-celled, 1 -seeded ?) 2-celled ; cells 1-seeded (R. 

 Brown) covered by the permanent calyx, petals, and stamens. 

 Seeds conforming to the capsule and filling the same, hanging from 

 the nerviform placenta (as in Viola). Structure of seed between 

 the Violaneae and Polygalece, ex R. Brown. Shrubs branched. 

 Leaves coriaceous, sometimes solitary and alternate, sometimes 

 in fascicles. Flowers small, axillary. Peduncles solitary, 1- 

 flowered, furnished with 2 bracteas at the base of each. 



1 H. ANGUSTIFO'LIA (R. Br. in herb. Banks and D. C. prod. 

 1. p. 315.) leaves linear, quite entire. Tj . G. Native of Van 

 Diemen's Land at Port Dalrymple. Flowers yellow. 



Narrow -leaved Hymenanthera. Shrub 6 feet. 



2 H. DENTA'TA (R. Br. in herb. Banks and D. C. prod. 1. p. 

 315.) leaves oblong, denticulated. lj . G. Native of New 

 Holland near Port Jackson. Flowers yellow. 



Toothed-leaved Hymenanthera. Fl. April, May. Clt. 1824. 

 Shrub 6 feet. 



Cult. These shrubs will thrive best in a mixture of loam and 

 peat, and young cuttings will root readily under a bell-glass, if 

 planted in sand. 



XIX. PIPA'REA (fromPipari, the name of the tree in Guiana) 

 Aubl. guian. 2. suppl. p. 31 . t. 386. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, or Polydndria, Monogynia. Sepals 

 equal, permanent, at length reflexed at the apex. Petals equal ? 

 Filaments 10-15? awl-shaped, permanent, erect, shorter than 

 the calyx, smooth, with the same number of appendages, these 

 alternate with the stamens and are oblong and very hairy, all 

 connected together and girding the ovary. Capsule ovate, tri- 

 quetrous, 1-c'elled, 3-valved. Style filiform; stigma 3-parted 

 (Gsert. fil.) Capsule 3-valved, 1-celled, opening laterally from 

 the top, covered densely on the inside with velvety brown down ; 

 valves bearing the seeds in the middle, one only in each valve, 

 they are globose and velvety (2 of which are generally abor- 

 tive). Shrubs or trees. Leaves alternate, scarcely stalked, 

 feather-nerved, furnished with 2 caducous stipulas. Pedicels 

 very short, 1 -flowered, axillary, solitary, or numerous, jointed ? 



Perhaps this genus is truly pentandrous, if so it belongs to 

 Violarieae, but if polyandrous it ought perhaps to be placed in 

 Tiliacece. 



1 P. DENTA'TA (Aubl. guian. 2. p. 31. t. 386.) flowers solitary 

 or twin ; leaves elliptical or acuminated, brownish-velvety be- 

 1 



