VIOLARIEyE. IV. VIOLA. 



331 



Cheiranthus-leaved Violet, or Pansy. PI. foot. 



12C V. CALCARA'TA (Lin. spec. 1325.) root fibrous, diffuse; 

 stems short, simple, tufted ; leaves spatulate-roundish, or elon- 

 gated, crenate ; stipulas palmatifid, or trifid ; sepals oblong, 

 glandularly-denticulated ; spur awl-shaped, longer than the calyx ; 

 nectary scarcely twice the length of stamens ; seeds ovate. Tf. . H. 

 Native in pastures on the higher mountains from Austria to 

 Provence, D. C. fl. fr. 4. p. 810. A very variable species. 



Var, ft, Halleri (D. C. prod. 1. c.) stem short ; stipulas cut, 

 hardly ciliated ; flowers large blue. Hall. hist. no. 566, var. a. 

 p. 243. t. 17. "H.. H. Native with the last. 



Var. y, albtflbra (D. C. prod. 1. c.) stem short ; stipulas cut, 

 scarcely ciliated ; flowers large, white. % . H. Native of the 

 Alps of Savoy. Hall. hist. no. 566. var. J3, III. 



Var. $, Bertolonii (D. C. prod. 1. p. 302.) stems elongated ; 

 lower leaves ovate, upper ones elongated, and are, as well as 

 palmatifid stipulas, smoothish. Tf.. H. Native in the Apen- 

 nines, about Genoa, on the top of mount Scaggia. V. Berto- 

 lonii, Pio. diss. 34. t. 3. f. 2. Cup. pamph. ed. bonon. t. 99. 

 Flowers large, purple. 



Var. 1 decipiens (D. C. prod. 1. c.) stems elongated ;~ leaves 

 and stipulas hispid ; sepals lanceolate, rather hispid. Flowers 

 blue? If.. H. Native in the Eastern Pyrenees. V. hispida, 

 Lapey. abr. 123. 



Spurred Violet, or Pansy. Fl. March, July. Clt. 1752. PI. 

 | to ^ foot. 



127 V. VILLARSIA'NA (Rcem. et Schult. syst. 5. p. 388.) pu- 

 bescent ; stem short ; leaves radical, primordial ones ovate- 

 rounded, the rest of the lower ones lanceolate, upper ones oblong 

 and linear-lanceolate ; stipulas pinnatifid ; lower petal oblique, 

 truncate. 11 . H. V. calcarata, Vill. dauph. 2. p. 666. Flowers 

 blue. Spur awl-shaped, longer than the sepals. 



Villars's Violet. Fl. May, July. PI. i foot. 



128 V. ZO'YSII (Wulf. in Jacq. coll. 4. p. 295. t. 11. f. 1.) 

 root fibrous ; stem quite simple, hardly so long as the footstalks ; 

 leaves ovate, crenate, smooth ; stipulas elliptical-lanceolate, 

 undivided, nearly entire; spur thrice as long as the auricles 

 of the calyx. I/ . H. Native of the Alps of Carinthia and 

 Carniola. This plant is easily distinguished from V. calcarata, 

 by the stipulas never being lobed, although in some instances 

 there will be found a slight lateral notch. The plant, moreover, 

 is smaller, perfectly smooth, and green, never glaucous, and the 

 spur rather thicker. Petals large, yellow, with black lines at 

 the bottom, sometimes partly tinged with blue. 



Baron de Zoys's Pansy. Fl. March, July. Clt. PI. \ foot. 



129 V. ORE'ADES (Bieb. fl. taur. suppl. 167.) stem short; leaves 

 oblong ; stipulas pinnatifid ; segments obtuse ; sepals acute, den- 

 ticulated ; spur tubular, obtuse, length of the calyx ; 2 lateral 

 petals bearded. I/. H. Native of Tauria, on the tops of moun- 

 tains. Perhaps merely a variety of V. amafna ? Flowers pur- 

 ple or yellow. 



Oreades Violet, or Pansy. Fl. May, July. Clt. 1818. PI. i ft. 



130 V. AMCE'NA (Sym. syn. ex Smith, bot. no. 1287. in a note) 

 stem short ; leaves round ; stipulas pinnatifid ; lobes obtuse ; 

 sepals ovate-lanceolate, acute, entire ; spur tubular, obtuse, 

 length of the calyx. If. . H. Native on mountains in Scot- 

 land. Flowers very large, purple ; petals roundish. 



Pleasing Violet, or Pansy. Fl. June, July. Scotland. PI. 

 i to -| foot. 



131 V. ALTAI'CA (Ker. bot. reg. t. 54.) stem short ; leaves 

 oval ; stipulas cuneiform, with acute teeth ; sepals acute, 

 denticulated ; spur very short, scarcely so long as the appen- 

 dages of the sepals. %.. H. Native on the Altaian mountains. 

 Sims, bot. mag. t. 1776. V. grandiflora, Sievers. V. Pallasii 

 and V. chrysantha, Fisch. cat. hort. gorenk. Root creeping, 

 slender, hard. Flowers large, yellow. Stigma urceolate. 



Var. /3, purpurea, (D. C. prod. 1. p. 302.) Flowers large, 

 purple. V. Altaica purpurea. Fucli in litt. 



Altaian Yellow Violet, or Pansy. Fl. March, June. Clt. 

 1805. PL i foot. 



1S2 V. GRANDIFLORA (Lin. mant. 120.) stems angular, un- 

 branched, tufted ; leaves ovate-oblong, crenate ; stipulas pinnati- 

 fid, somewhat lyrate ; bracteas minute, with a tooth on each side 

 at the base ; spur twice the length of the hind lobes of the calyx ; 

 sepals much toothed, and dilated at the base ; spur cylindrical, 

 slightly curved. If. . H. Native of Siberia ? The whole plant 

 is like V. lulea, but every part is twice the size, and the stipulas 

 are very distinct, being pinnatifid in their lower half only, not 

 palmate. Flowers large, yellow, with the two lateral sepals 

 bearded at the base, and marked like the lip with a few black 

 lines. This is probably the V . chrysantha of Fisch. in litt. 



Great-lowered Violet, or Pansy. Fl. April, July. Clt. 

 PI. | foot. 



133 V. SUDE'TICA (Willd. enum. suppl. 12.) root fibrous, dif- 

 fuse; stems almost simple; leaves ovate-oblong; stipulas pal- 

 matifid, with entire lobes ; sepals lanceolate ; petals wedge- 

 shaped, crenated, with long distinct claws ; spur awl-shaped, 

 acutish, stretched out, longer than the ears of the sepals; 

 seeds ovate. I/ . H. Native in meadows on the Alps and 

 mountains of Europe, particularly Germany. V. grandiflora, 

 D. C. fl. fr. 5. p. 620. and almost of all other authors. V. saxa - 

 tilis, Schmidt, fl. boh. p. 233. Flowers large, yellow. 



Var. j3, calaminaria(D. C. prod. 1. p. 303.) stems ascending; 

 leaves rather remote, ovate ; flowers yellow. 1{. . H. Native 

 in dry pastures, and among reeds near water. V. Hltea, D. C. 

 fl. fr. 5. p. 619. exclusive of the synonymes. 



Var. y ? media (D. C. prod. 1. c.) stems elongated, erectish ; 

 leaves remote ; flowers purple. I/ . H. Native on the moun- 

 tains of Jura and Auvergne. 



Var. S, ramosior (D. C. prod. 1. c.) stems branched ; leaves 

 rather remote, ciliated ; flowers 3-coloured. I/ . H. Native 

 about Verviers, (Lejeune.) V. Rothomagensis, var. D. C. fl. 

 fr. 5. p. 619. Perhaps a variety of V. tricolor, or perhaps a 

 known species. 



German Violet, or Pansy. Fl. May, August. Clt. 1805. 

 PI. ^ to | foot. 



134 V. LU'TEA (Huds. ed. 1. p. 331.) root fibrous, slender ; 

 stems triangular, simple ; leaves ovate-oblong, crenate, fringed ; 

 stipulas palmatifid ; sepals lanceolate, acute ; petals wedge- 

 shaped, with long distinct claws ; spur the length of calyx. 

 I/. H. Native in moist mountainous pastures in Wales, north 

 of England, and in Scotland. Smith, eng. bot. 721. V. gran- 

 diflora, Huds. ed. 2. p. 380. Flowers yellow, larger than those 

 of V. tricolor, with blackish, branched, radiating lines ; the 

 lateral petals are palest, the two upper ones sometimes purple. 

 When all are purple, as sometimes happens, Hooker says this is 

 the V. amcJna of authors. All the petals are bearded at the 

 base. 



Yellow Violet, or Pansy. Fl. May, September. Britain. PI. 

 -J- foot. 



135 V. PROSTRA'TA (Rcem. et Schult. syst. 5. p. 582.) root 

 simplish, stems decumbent ; lower leaves roundish, upper ones 

 oval, all of which are rather cordate, and grossly crenate, rather 

 hairy ; stipulas pinnatifid, with the middle lobe oblong, and 

 entire; spur hardly stretched, obtuse. ^.H. Native on tops 

 of mountains in the Island of Teneriffe, as well as in the Apen- 

 nines. V. Ludovicea, Jan. in litt. Petals cream-coloured, 

 streaked with black. 



Prostrate Violet, or Pansy. Fl. June, September. Clt. 1 824. 

 PI. i foot. 



136 V. ROTHOMAGENSIS (Desf. cat. 153.) hispid, or pilose ; 

 root rather fusiform ; stems zigzag, branched, diffuse ; leaves 



U u 2 



