352 



POLYGALEjE. I. POLYGALA. 



43 P. DENSIFLO'RA (Blum, bijdr. fl. ind. ned. ex Schlecht. 

 Linnaea 1. p. 466.) leaves linear-lanceolate, mucronate, with 

 ciliated revolute margins, lower ones obovate ; racemes supra- 

 axillary, short, dense ; wings of calyx falcate, longer than the 

 orbicular capsule. Tj . S. Native of Java. Flowers red ? 



Dcnse-fionered Milkwort. Shrub 1 foot ? 



44 P. SAXA'TILIS (Desf. atl. 2. p. 128. t. 175.) leaves oblong- 

 lanceolate, mucronated ; stems shrubby at the base, decumbent ; 

 racemes extra-axillary, few-flowered ; wings of calyx elliptical. 

 Tj . F. Native of Mauritania, Spain, and south of France, on 

 rocks. Flowers blue or purple. 



Stone Milkwort. Fl. May, June. PI. foot. 



45 P. OXCYCOCCOI'DES (Desf. atl. t. 174.) leaves elliptical, 

 thickish ; stem shrubby, decumbent ; racemes lateral, short, few- 

 flowered ; wings of calyx ovate. \ . F. Native of the north of 

 Africa in the fissures of rocks. Flowers blue or purple ? 



Cranberry-like Milkwort. Fl. May, July. Shrub decumbent 

 J to foot long. 



46 P. SUPI'NA (Schreb. dec. t. 10.) leaves obovate, somewhat 

 retuse ; stem shrubby, trailing ; racemes subterminal, 7-9- 

 flowered ; wings of calyx oval, somewhat 3-nerved, longer 

 than the corolla. Tj . F. Native of Armenia and Tauria in 

 gravelly places. P. andrachnoides, Willd Buxb. cent. t. 70. 

 f. 2. Flowers either blue or purple. 



Trailing Milkwort. Shrub trailing. 



47 P. ADSCE'NDENS (Clark, in Spreng. new entd. 3. p. 165.) 

 leaves oblong, tapering at the base, lower ones obovate, some- 

 what villous ; stem shrubby at the base, ascending ; racemes 

 few-flowered ; wings of calyx oblong, obtuse, one-half shorter 

 than the corolla ; ovary sessile. Tj . F. Native in the island of 

 Cos. Flowers blue ? 



Ascending-stemmed Milkwort. Shrub ^ foot. 



48 P. VENULO'SA (Sibth. et Smith, prod. fl. graec. 2. p. 52.) 

 leaves elliptical-lanceolate ; stem ascending ; racemes subter- 

 minal ; wings of calyx oblong, 3-nerved, transversely veined, 

 one-half shorter than the corolla. I/ . F. Native in the islands 

 of the Archipelago. Flowers blush-coloured, with a white 

 crest ; the petals nearly twice as long as the wings. 



Veiny-winged Milkwort. PI. 4 foot. 



49 P. STRAMI'NEA (Presl. ex Spreng. syst. append, p. 

 265.) stem erect, a little branched ; leaves lanceolate-linear, 

 acuminate ; bracteas deciduous ; wings ovate-elliptical, 3-nerved, 

 twice the length of the corolla. If. . F. Native of Sicily. 

 Flowers straw-coloured. 



ftra>-coloured-flowered Milkwort. PI. ^ foot. 



50 P. ELONGA'TA (Presl. ex Spreng. syst. append, p. 265.) 

 stem ascending ; leaves serrulated, lower ones obovate, upper 

 ones oblong ; wings of calyx elliptical, shorter than the corolla. 

 T{.H. Native of Sicily. 



Elongated Milkwort. PI. | foot. 



51 P. MULTICAU'LIS (Tauch. in flor. 1821. p. 563.) flowers 

 crested ; racemes lax, few-flowered ; wings of calyx elliptical, 

 acute, shorter than the corolla, deeply 3-nerved, with veiny 

 margins ; stems filiform, much branched, trailing ; leaves linear- 

 lanceolate, acute. If. . H. Native 'of Switzerland. Flowers 

 blue. 



Many-stemmed Milkwort. PL ^ foot. 



52 P. RO'SEA (Desf. atl. 2. p. 128. t. 176.) lower leaves ob- 

 long, obtuse, upper ones lanceolate ; stem erect, shrubby at the 

 base ; wings of calyx oval, many-nerved, a little shorter than 

 the corolla ; ovary on a very short stipe. T? . F. Native of the 

 north of Africa near Tlemsen. Flowers rose-coloured, large. 



jRose-coloured-flowered Milkwort. Shrub 1 foot. 



53 P. MA'JOR (Jacq. austr. t. 413.) leaves linear-lanceolate, 

 acute ; stems erect ; wings of calyx ovate, many-nerved, a little 

 longer than the corolla ; ovary on a long stipe. If. . H. Native 



of Italy, Austria, Greece, and the Levant, in mountainous mea- 

 dows. Flowers rose-purple, double the size of those of P. 

 vulgaris. Buxb. cent. 8. p. 40. t. 70. f. 1. 



Zarger-perennial Milkwort. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1739. PI. 

 1 foot. 



54 P. THURINGI'ACA (Spreng. syst. 3. p. 166.) stem ascend- 

 ing, lower leaves spatulate ; wings obovate, shorter than the 

 corolla, but equal in length to the capsule. 3. H. Native of 

 Thuringia and Italy. P. buxifolia, Reichb. Flowers blue or 

 purple. 



Thuringian Milkwort. Fl. June, July. PI. -y foot. 



55 P. OXY'FTERA (Reichb. ex Spreng. syst. 3. p. 166.) stem 

 ascending ; leaves lanceolate ; wings acute, shorter than the 

 corolla, and equal in length to the broad capsule. 1. H. Na- 

 tive of Germany and Denmark. P. vulgaris, Fl. dan. t. 516. 

 Flowers blue and purple. 



Sharp-winged Milkwort. Fl. June, July. PI. ^ to foot. 



56 P. FLAVE'SCENS (D.C. cat. hort. monsp. 134.) leaves linear, 

 rather lanceolate, acute ; stems ascending ; wings of calyx ellip- 

 tical, acute at both ends, longer than the corolla and capsule. 

 I/. H. Native on the Appenines. Seb. pi. rom. fasc. 1. t. 1. 

 Flowers yellowish. 



Yellowish-fiowered Milkwort. PI. |- foot. 



57 P. VULGA'RIS (Lin. spec. 986.) leaves linear-lanceolate, 

 bluntish ; stems ascending ; wings of calyx elliptical, bluntish, a 

 little longer than the capsule, but somewhat equal in length or 

 shorter than the corolla ; ovary almost sessile. T^.H. Native 

 on gravelly heathy pastures and woods throughout Europe, 

 plentiful in Britain. Flowers either blue, red, purple, white, or 

 yellowish. 



Var. a, vera (D. C. prod. 1. p. 325.) stems erectish, lower 

 leaves obovate, obtuse, upper ones linear, acute. Smith, engl. 

 bot. t. 76. Vaill. par. 160, 161. t. 32. f. 1. 



Var. /3, pubescens (D. C. 1. c.) stems decumbent, and are as 

 well as leaves pubescent. Rohd. journ. bot. 2. p. 359. 



Var. S, Verviana (Lej. fl. spa. 2. p. 92.) stems ascending; 

 leaves lanceolate-linear ; flowers white. 



Var. c, acutifblia (D. C. 1. c.) stems erect; leaves linear; 

 flowers middle-sized, blue. 



Var. Z, angustifolia (D. C. prod. 1. p. 325.) stems erect; 

 leaves linear ; flowers middle-sized, rose-coloured. P. Mons- 

 peliaca, Vill. dauph. 3. p. 388 ? 



Var. K, grandiflora (D. C. prod. 1. p. 325.) stems erect; 

 leaves linear ; flowers large, rose-coloured. P. Monspeliaca, 

 All. pedm. no. 1087. 



The Polygala vulgaris, like the rest of the European species, 

 is bitter, and when given in infusion promotes expectoration, and 

 is good for a catarrhous cough. Duhamel used it in pleuritic 

 cases with effect. Linnaeus found the plant to possess the same 

 properties as P. Senega, but in an inferior degree. The pow- 

 dered root may be given in doses of half a drachm. Foreigners 

 celebrate it as a grateful and nutritious food for cattle. Accord- 

 ing to the Swedish experiments, kine, sheep, and goats eat it, but 

 swine refuse it. 



Common Milkwort. Fl. June, July. Britain. PI. -| to ft. 



58 P. COMO'SA (Schkuhr, handb. t. 194.) stem erect; lower 

 leaves scattered, obovate, the rest linear ; bracteas longer than 

 the flower; wings elliptical, longer than the capsule and co- 

 rolla. Jj . H. Native of Germany. P. vulgaris var. y, elata, 

 D. C. prod. 1. p. 325. Flowers purple or blue. 



Tufted Milkwort. Fl. May, July. PI. | foot. 



59 P. AVSTRI'ACA (Crantz. aust. t. 2. f. 4.) stem ascending; 

 lower leaves obovate, oblong ; wings 3-nerved, elliptical, equal 

 in length to the corolla, shorter than the capsule. }/ . H. Na- 

 tive of Germany, south of France, and Volhynia. Wings of 

 flower greenish after flowering. P. decipiens, Bess. cont. 2. p. 



