358 



POLYGALE^;. I. POLYGALA. 



far. /:>, subaphylla (St. Hil. 1. c.) stem much longer, slenderer, 

 nearly leafless ; branches slenderer ; whorls of leaves much 

 more distant, lower ones deciduous, upper ones very minute ; 

 upper part of the rachis quite naked, therefore the spikes of 

 flowers appear to stand on long peduncles. 



Raddi's Milkwort. Fl. Aug. Sep. PI. f to foot. 



144 P. PANICULA'TA (Lin. amcen. 5. p. 402.) racemes some- 

 what spike-formed, loose, elongated ; wings of calyx elliptical, 

 tapering into the claws, about equal in length to the keel ; leaves 

 scattered, linear, tapering to both ends, mucronulate at the apex ; 

 stem erect, much branched at the top ; branches puberulous. 

 O S. Native throughout South America in dry places. Ker. 

 hot. reg. t. 761. Flowers rose-coloured or pale purple. 



yar.fi, Brasiliana (D. C. prod. 1. p. 329.) flowers smaller; 

 leaves broader. Native of Brazil. Seeds cylindrical, pubescent. 



Var. y, Africana (D. C. 1. c.) leaves linear-awl-shaped. Na- 

 tive of Sierra Leone. 



This beautiful little plant has much the smell and taste of P. 

 Senega, but is not so strong or disagreeable. It is a mild at- 

 tenuant and sudorific, and may be administered in infusions or 

 decoctions. 



Panicled-Rowered Milk wort. Fl. Jul. Aug. Clt. 1823. PI. $ ft. 



145 P. SCOPA'RIA (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 5. p. 399.) 

 racemes spike-formed, rather loose; leaves scattered, linear ; stem 

 erect, somewhat fastigiately-branched ; root vermicular, twisted. 

 T(. . S. Native near Mexico. Herb smooth. Flowers white. 

 Seeds oblong, cylindrical, covered with retrograde silky hairs. 



Broom Milkwort. PI. to 1 foot. 



146 P. CORYMBOSA (Mich. fl. bor. amer. 2. p. 54.) racemes 

 many, disposed in a terminal corymb ; wings of calyx oblong, 

 cuspidate ; radical leaves obovate, cauline ones linear, uppermost 

 ones awl-shaped. I/ . F. Native in bogs among sphagnum 

 from Carolina to Florida. P. cymosa, Walt, carol. 179. Flowers 

 citron-yellow. 



Corymbose Milkwort. Fl. June, Aug. PI, 1 foot. 



147 P. GRAMINIFOLIA (Poir. diet. 5. p. 500.) racemes many, 

 disposed into a terminal corymb ; wings of calyx oblong, acute ; 

 radical leaves linear-spatulate, cauline ones linear-awl-shaped. 

 If. . F. Native of grassy places from Carolina to Florida. Per- 

 haps P. attenuata, Nutt gen. amer. 2. p. 90. Flowers citron- 

 yellow. A tall plant. 



Grass-leaved Milkwort. Fl. July. Clt. 1824. PI. 3 feet. 



148 P. BALDUINI (Nutt. gen. amer. 2. p. 90.) racemes nume- 

 rous, corymbose, peduncled ; wings of calyx lanceolate, cuspi- 

 date ; radical leaves spatulate, cauline ones alternate, lanceolate ; 

 stem erect, angular, a little branched at the top. ~H . F. Na- 

 tive of Florida near St. Mary's. Flowers greenish-white. 



Baldwin's Milkwort. PI. -| foot. 



149 P. NEJE'I (D. C. prod, 1. p. 329.) racemes many, short, 

 crowded into a corymb : wings of calyx oblong, acute ; leaves 

 awl-shaped ; stems many, rising from the root, at top a little 

 branched. Q. G. Native of Peru and Chili. Flowers white. 



Nee's Milkwort. PI. ^ foot. 



150 P. MUHLENBE'RGII ; stem erect, pubescent ; branches 

 tw 'ggy ! leaves lanceolate, linear, ciliated ; racemes elongated ; 

 bracteas deciduous ; flowers distinct. O- H. Native of Georgia. 

 P. pubescens, Muhl. not of Nutt. 



Muhlenberg's Milkwort. PI. i foot. 



151 P. LINOIDES (Poir. diet. 5. p. 449.) racemes somewhat 

 spike-formed, elongated, acute ; wings elliptical, obtuse, hardly 

 longer than the capsule; leaves small, linear, acuminated, 

 crowded, rather falcate ; stems tufted, branched at the top ; 

 seeds oblong-clavate, rather pilose. I/ . S. Native of Brazil 

 about Monte-Video and Buenos-Ayres. Habit of Reseda glauca. 

 Flowers white or green, usually coloured with purple. 



Flax-like Milkwort. Fl. Nov. PI. $ to f foot. 



152 P. RESEDOIDES (St. Hil. fl. bras. 2. p. 31.) stem herba- 

 ceous, tufted, simple, puberulous, full of resinous dots ; leaves 

 numerous, narrow, linear, falcately curved, very acute ; racemes 

 spike-formed, rather loose; wings obovate, very blunt, rather 

 longer than the keel ; seeds subcylindrical, rather pilose. .S. 

 Native of Brazil in the provinces of Rio Grande do Sul and Cis 

 Platine. Flowers white, often mixed with blue and purple. 



Mignonette-like Milkwort. Fl. Oct. Nov. PI. J- foot. 



153 P. DUNALIA'NA (St. Hil. fl. bras. 2. p. 32. t. 85.) stems very 

 slender ; leaves small, appressed, ovate-lanceolate, very much 

 acuminated, mucronulate, cordate at the base; racemes spike- 

 formed, slender ; wings ovate-rhomboid, hardly longer than the 

 keel ; seeds rather cylindrical, incurved, smooth. I; . S. 

 Native of Brazil near a town called Rio Pardo. Flowers purplish, 

 disposed in racemes resembling Erica vulgaris. 



Var. ft, dlba (St. Hil. 1. c.) leaves less cordate at the base, 

 less puberulous ; flowers white or pale purple. Tj . S. In Minas 

 Geraes. 



Dunal's Milkwort. Fl. Feb. Sept. Sh. 1 foot. 



154 P. A'LBA (Nutt. gen. 2. p. 87.) racemes spike-formed, 

 peduncled ; wings of calyx roundish, length of corolla ; leaves 

 alternate, linear, with revolute margins ; stem simple, elongated. 

 I/. . F. Native of Upper Louisiana. P. Senega, var. alba, Pursh. 

 Flowers white. This plant possesses the same qualities as P. 

 Senega, no. 168. p. 359. 



White-Rowered Milkwort. Fl. June, July. PI. | to 1 foot. 



155 P. RUBE'LLA (Pursh, fl. amer. sept. 2. p. 464.) pubescent ; 

 racemes rather loose, somewhat spiked, elongated ; wings of calyx 

 oval, very blunt ; leaves lanceolate-linear, mucronated ; stem 

 erect, furrowed, a little branched at the top. I/ . H. Native 

 in woods and on dry shady hills from Pennsylvania to Georgia. 

 P. poly'gama, Walt. Flowers pale red. This species approaches 

 near to P. vulgaris. 



Like some of the European species this plant is a powerful 

 bitter, imparting its properties both to water and alcohol. 

 In the United States of America it is administered in small 

 doses, as a useful tonic and stimulant to the digestive organs. 

 In large doses it operates as a cathartic and excites diaphoreses. 

 Dr. Bigelow says its powers appear to resemble the P. vulgaris 

 and P. amara of Europe, which are considered tonic and expec- 

 torant. 



.Red-flowered Milkwort. Fl. June, July. PI. -J foot. 



15B P. DUARTEA'NA (St. Hil. fl. bras. 2. p. 34.) stem herba- 

 ceous, puberulous ; leaves linear, acute, on short petioles, 

 smooth ; racemes spike-formed, narrow, loose ; wings elliptical 

 or obovate, bluntish, about equal in length with the keel ; seeds 

 clavate, rather pilose. O S. Native of Brazil in the province 

 of Minas Geraes. Flowers greenish-white. 



Duarte's Milkwort. Fl. Dec. Feb. PI. 1 to 1 foot. 



157 P. ROUBIE'NNA (St. Hil. fl. bras. 2. p. 35.) stem suftru- 

 ticose, tufted, or a little branched ; leaves obtuse, mucronulate, 

 lower ones obovate ; racemes spike-formed, truncate at the apex, 

 loose ; wings elliptical, very blunt, somewhat emarginate, equal 

 in length to the keel ; seeds rather cylindrical, incurved, villous, 

 Tj . S. Native of Brazil in the province of Minas Geraes. 



Roubieu's Milkwort. Fl. Mar. Shrub |- to 1 foot. 



158 P. MOO.UINIANA (St. Hil. fl. bras. 2. p. 36. t. 86.) stems 

 suflfruticose, prostrate, somewhat quadrangular, puberulous, 

 leaves numerous, distich, lanceolate, mucronulate, puberulous, 

 obsoletely-dotted ; racemes capitate, obtuse, dense, on long pe- 

 duncles ; wings lanceolate, acute, longer than the keel ; seeds 

 cylindrical, pubescent. Jj . S. Native of Brazil in the province 

 of St. Paul. The heads of flowers resemble those of Jasione 

 or Globularia. 



Afoquin-Tandon's Milkwort. Fl. Mar. Sh. -1 foot. 



159 P. OBOVA'TA (St. Hil. fl. bras. 2. p. 37.) stem suffruti- 



1 



