PITTOSPORE^. IV. SENACIA. FRANKENIACE^. I. FRANKENIA. 



375 



Lanceolate-\eaved Senacia. Shrub 10 feet. 



4 S. ELLI'PTICA (Lam. ill. no. 2711.) leaves elliptical, obtuse ; 

 flowers axillary, disposed in something like fascicles. fj . S. 

 Native of the Antilles. Like Rhamnus sarcomphalus. A very 

 doubtful species. Perhaps referable to Celdstrus or Maytenus. 

 Flowers white. 



Elliptical-leaved Senacia. Shrub. 



Cult. All the species of Senacia will grow well in a mixture 

 of loam and peat, or any rich light soil ; and ripened cuttings 

 planted in a pot of sand under a hand-glass, placed in heat, 

 will root freely. 



ORDER XXVI. FRANKENIA V CE^ (plants agreeing with 

 Frankenia in many important particulars.) St. Hil. mem. plac. 

 cent. p. 39. and mem. mus. 12. p. 77. D. C. prod. 1. p. 349. 



Calyx of 4-5 erect (f. 74. 6.) or spreading (f. 77. a. f. 76. a.) 

 sepals, united at the base into a furrowed tube (f. 74. a.), 

 or cleft to the base (f. 76. a. f. 77. a.), permanent, equal, 

 rarely unequal, lanceolate or linear acute. Petals hypogynous, 

 equal in number to the sepals, and alternating with them, 

 sometimes unguiculate (f. 74. &.). Claws length of calyx, 

 with a spreading limb (f. 74. 6.) in this case the throat is usually 

 crowned with petal-like scales as in Carophyllece, sometimes 

 sessile, spreading (f. 76. b.~), sometimes with a 5-petalled (f. 76. 

 d.) or 5-toothed urceolus (f. 77. d.) between the petals and the 

 stamens. Stamens hypogynous, sometimes equal in number 

 with the petals (f. 74. d.), in this case they are alternate with 

 them ; or double that number, when this is the case the alternate 

 ones are opposite the petals, but sometimes multiple that 

 number ; filaments filiform (f. 74. d.) or very short. Anthers 

 roundish, linear or elliptical, bursting laterally by 2 pores at the 

 apex, seldom at the base. Ovary 1 (f. 74. g. f. 77. e. f. 76. e.), 

 free. Style filiform (f. 74. e.~), simple (f. 77. d.). bifid or trifid 

 (f. 74. f.). Capsule ovate-oblong (f. 77. e.), somewhat tri- 

 gonal, 2-3-valved (f. 74. g. f. 75. d.), 1-celled or incom- 

 pletely 3-celled from the valves being bent inwards at the 

 edges ; valves bearing seminiferous placentas at the margins 

 on both sides (f. 74. g.), many-seeded. Seeds small. Em- 

 bryo straight in the middle of the albumen, with a short 

 radicle pointing towards the umbilicus, and flat leafy cotyle- 

 dons. This order is composed of elegant little herbs, subshrubs 

 or shrubs, with simple and branching stems, and opposite alter- 

 nate whorled or crowded, entire, ciliated or toothed leaves, 

 stipulate or exstipulate, when this last is the case the base is 

 produced into stem-clasping membranes, usually furnished with 

 glands ; the stipulas when present are usually fringed. The 

 flowers are either white, rose-coloured, or yellow, axillary or 

 terminal, when they are axillary the peduncles are 1 -flowered, 

 when they are terminal they are either disposed in corymbs or 

 loose racemes. Pedicels always propped by a leaf or bractea. 



This order differs from Violariece and Caryophyllece as well 

 as from all the neighbouring orders, in the seeds being fixed to 

 the margins of the valves, to marginal parietal nerves or dissepi- 

 ments, not to intervalvular placentas, as in Violarieae, nor to cen- 

 tral placentas as in Caryophyllece. The medicinal virtues of the 

 plants contained in this order are very slight. The seeds of all 

 are truly difficult to preserve in a living state for more than a 



few weeks, therefore very few of the plants of this order are to 

 be met with in gardens, but the whole are very easy to introduce 

 as plants. 



Synopsis of the Genera. 



SECT. I. FRANKE'NIJE. Sepals united into a tube (f. 74. 

 a.). Petals unguiculate ; claws length of calyx. Stamens 6. 



1 FRANKE'NIA. Petals and sepals 4-5. Stamens 6. Style 3- 

 cleft (f. 74./.) lobes oblong, stigmatose inside. Flowers usually 

 with a crown of scales in the throat. Capsule 3- (f. 74. g.) 4 

 valved, many-seeded. 



2 BEATSO'NIA. Petals and sepals 4-5. Stamens 6. Style 

 bifid ; lobes ending in a globular stigma. Capsule 2-valved, 

 few-seeded. Petals appendiculate. 



SECT. II. SAUVA'GEJE. Petals and sepals spreading, not un- 

 guiculate, usually furnished with an urceolus or inner corolla, si- 

 tuated between the petals and stamens. Stamens 5-7 or inde- 

 finite. 



3 LUXEMBU'RGIA. Sepals and petals 5 (f. 75. e.), unequal. 

 Anthers 7 or indefinite, almost sessile, united into a secund 

 mass, each bursting by 2 pores at the apex. Style awl-shaped, 

 incurved. Capsule 3-valved (f. 75. d.), many-seeded. Seeds 

 winged at the apex. 



4 SAUVAGE'SIA. Sepals and petals 5 (f. 76. a. c.), with 

 filiform appendages between the 5 petal-like scales or inner 

 corolla (f. 76. d.). Stamens 5 between the scales and the petals. 

 Style simple. Capsule incompletely 3-celled, 3-valved. 



5 LAVRA'DIA. Petals and sepals 5 (f. 77. a. 6.), with a mona- 

 petalous 5-toothed urceolus or corolla (f. 77. d.), including the 

 stamens. Style simple. Capsule incompletely 3-celled, 3- 

 valved, many-seeded. 



SECT. I. FRANKE'NIJE (plants agreeing with Frankenia, in 

 having a tubular calyx and unguiculate petals.) Calyx tubular. 

 Petals unguiculate, with the claws the length of the calyx, fur- 

 nished with an appendage at the top on the inner side of each 

 claw. Style bifid or trifid. Small heath-like herbs or sub- 

 shrubs. Leaves opposite or in whorls. 



I. FRANKE'NIA (in honour of John Frankenius, professor 

 of botany at Upsal, who first enumerated the plants of Sweden 

 in Speculum Botanicon, 1638; died 1661.) Lin. gen. no. 445. 

 D. C. prod. 1. p. 349. 



LIN. SYST. Hexandria, Monogynia. Style 3-cleft ; lobes 

 oblong, stigmatose within. Capsules 3-4-valved. Small pros- 

 trate heath-like plants, with the flowers usually rising from the 

 forks of the stem, or disposed in terminal corymbs. 



1 P. PULVERULE'NTA (Lin. spec. 474.) leaves opposite, in whorls, 

 obovate, retuse, glabrous, under surface powdery, with the 

 petioles ciliated ; root slender ; flowers axillary and terminal, sub- 

 solitary. O- H. Native in sand by the sea-side in various 

 parts of Europe, Siberia, Tauria, and perhaps New Holland ; in 

 England on the Sussex coast very rare, between Bognor and 

 Brighthelmston. Smith, engl. bot. 2222. Fl. graec. t. 344. 

 CIus. hist. 2. p. 186. f. 2. Stems prostrate, Flowers axillary, 

 solitary, pale- red. 



Powdery Sea-heath. Fl. July, Aug. England. PI. prostrate. 



2 F. NODIFLO'RA (Lam. ill. t. 262. f. 4.) leaves ovate, gla- 

 brous, not ciliated on the footstalks ; stems prostrate, and are as 



