396 



CARYOPHYLLE^. III. DIAKTHUS. IV. SAPONARIA. 



Hogg says that tliose which are removed or transplanted in 

 the spring never do well, nor shew half the beauty which those 

 do that were planted in August or September ; the laced pinks 

 in particular appear almost plain, and without their distinguish- 

 ing character. Pinks should never be suffered to remain more 

 than 2 years without either change of soil or situation. 



Emmerton (Treatise on Auricula, p. 191.) says, your pink- 

 beds should be top dressed in the spring if you have a desire 

 to excel in blooms, with some old night-soil or sugar-bakers' 

 scum, finely sifted and sown over them. Your strong blowing 

 plants should not be allowed to bloom more than 8 or 10 blos- 

 soms, and those that are weaker, of a less size, not more than 4. 



Common Garden or Feathered Pink, Fl. June, Aug. CIt. 

 1629. PI. | to 1 foot. 



116 D. SAXA'TILIS (Pers. ench. 1. p. 494.) tufted, somewhat 

 decumbent ; stem 2-3-flowered ; calycine 'scales ovate, distinct, 

 with longish points, shorter than the tube ; petals multifid. 

 I/ . H. Native of France on rocks near Clermont. Leaves 

 not glaucous. Corolla not pubescent in the throat, white. 



Stone Pink. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1816. PI. foot. 



117 D. PUNCTA'TUS (Spreng. neue. entd. 2. p. 169.) stem 

 erect, branched, few-flowered ; calycine scales 4, bluntish, very 

 short, pressed to the calyx ; petals bearded, multifid, spotted ; 

 leaves glaucous, linear, flaccid. Tf.. H. Native? Flowers 

 pale lilac or white, spotted. Lodd, hot. cab. 896. 



Spotted-petalled Pink. Fl. Ju. Aug. Clt. 1823. PI. foot. 



118 D. PROSTRA'TUS (Jacq. hort. schcenb. 3. p. 11. t. 271.) 

 stems shrubby, prostrate at the base, but erect at the apex ; 

 flowers in lax panicles ; calycine scales 4, lanceolate, acute, 3 

 times shorter than the elongated calyx ; petals fringed, glabrous ; 

 leaves linear, very entire. Tj . G. Native of the Cape of Good 

 Hope. Allied to D.fimbriatus or superbus. Flowers pale-red. 



Prostrate Pink. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1 824. PI. prostrate. 



119 D. FIMBRIA'TUS (Bieb. fl. taur. 1. p. 332. suppl. p. 302.) 

 stem sufFruticose at the base, branched ; flowers solitary ; caly- 

 cine scales 6, lanceolate, shorter than the calyx ; petals oblong, 

 multifidly toothed, beardless ; leaves awl-shaped, scabrous, 

 tj . H. Native of Iberia on rocks about Tiflis. D. orientalis, 

 Sims, bot. mag. t. 1069. D. contortus, Smith in Rees' cyclop, 

 vol. xi. Flowers like those of D. plumarius, but smaller, rose- 

 coloured, rarely white. 



JVmgerf-petalled Pink. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1815. PI. 1 ft. 



120 D. PLUMO'SUS (Spreng. pugill. 2. p. 64.) flowers few, 

 solitary ; calycine scales lanceolate-linear, erect, a little shorter 

 than the tube ; petals bearded, deeply multifid ; leaves linear, 

 nerved, flaccid. I/ . H. Native of mount Baldo. Flowers 

 red and sometimes white. 



Feathery-yeta\\ed Pink. Fl. July, Septemb. Clt. ? PI. i to 

 1 foot. 



121 D. MONSPESSULA'NUS (Lin. amcen. 4. p. 313. spec. p. 

 588.) stem panicled, few-flowered ; flowers solitary ; calycine 

 scales awl-shaped, straight, one-half shorter than the tube ; 

 petals digitately multifid, smooth in the throat ; leaves linear, 

 serrulated. If.. H. Native of the Pyrenees and Jura. D. 

 Monspeliacus, D. C. fl. fr. no. 4324. D. Sternbergii, Schleich. 

 Flowers red ? 



Var. ft, bremfblius (Ser. mss. and D. C. prod. 1. p. 365.) 

 leaves and stems short. I/ . H. Native of the Pyrenees near 

 St. Jean de Luz. 



Montpelier Pink. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1764. PI. \ to 1ft. 



122 D. SUPE'RBUS (Lin. amoen. 4. p. 272. spec. 589.) stem 

 smooth, panicled, many-flowered ; flowers somewhat fastigiate ; 

 calycine scales short, ovate, mucronate ; petals divided beyond 

 the middle, feathery, bearded at the base. I/ . H. Native of 

 mountainous groves and shady meadows in many parts of 

 Europe. Delaun. herb. amat. t. 21. Sims, bot. mag. t. 297. 



Caryophy'llus sylvestris vi. CIus. hist. 1. p. 284. Flowers rose- 

 coloured, very fragrant, particularly at night. 



Var. /3, rubicundus (Ser. mss. and D. C. prod. 1. p. 365.) 

 petals purple. 



Superb Pink. Fl. July, Sep. Clt. 1596. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



123 D. FISCHE'RI (Spreng. cat. sem. hort. hall. 1810. pi. 

 min. cogn. 2. p. 62.) stem panicled, many-flowered ; flowers 

 somewhat aggregate ; calycine scales ovate, pointed, erect, one- 

 half shorter than the tube ; petals multifid, almost beardless ; 

 leaves lanceolate, serrulated. Tf.. H. Native near Moscow. 

 Sweet, fl. gard. 245. Petals rose-coloured. 



Fischer's Pink. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1820. PI. 1 foot. 



124 D. LIBANO'TIS (Labill. pi. syr. 1. p. 14. t. 5.) stem erect; 

 flowers rather aggregate ; calycine scales 6, acuminated, divari- 

 cating, shorter than the tube ; petals multifid, bearded ; leaves 

 lanceolate. Tf.. H. Native of Mount Lebanon. Flowers rose- 

 coloured. 



Rosemary Pink. Fl. June, Aug. PI. 1 foot. 



j- A species belonging to section Armendstrum and should fol- 

 low D. capitatus. No. 20. p. 385. 



125 D. PO'NTICUS (Wahl. in Isis. 1828. vol.21, cah. 10. p. 

 972.) flowers in fasciculate heads ; involucre oblong, membranous, 

 smooth, acuminate, length of calyx and bracteas ; petals crenate, 

 quite smooth ; leaves sheathing. 1J. . H. Native of the East 

 on hills behind Sarijari. This plant is like D. Carthusianorum 

 and D. capitatus. 



Pontic Pink. PI. 1 to 1| foot. 



Cult. Most of the species of this genus are highly valued, 

 not only for the beauty of their flowers, but as being evergreens; 

 their foliage in winter being as abundant and vivid as in summer. 

 The fragrance of some of the species is peculiarly grateful. 

 Many of them are well adapted for ornamenting rock-work or the 

 front of flower borders, but the rarer kinds should be grown in 

 pots, that they may be protected by a frame during winter. They 

 may be increased by seeds or by cuttings (the latter mode is pre- 

 ferable), which should be planted under a hand-glass. A light 

 loamy soil, mixed with a little rotten dung, or decayed leaves 

 and sand, suits them best. For the manner of making cuttings, 

 and time at which they should be planted, see D. caryophyllus 

 and D. plumarius. The annual and biennial species only require 

 to be sown in the open border. 



IV. SAPONA'RIA (from sapo, soap; so called because the 

 bruised leaves are said to produce a lather like soap when agi- 

 tated in water). Lin. gen. no. 769. D. C. prod. 1. p. 365. 



LIN. SYST. Decdndria, Digynia. Calyx tubular, 5-toothed, 

 naked at the base. Petals unguiculate ; claws equal in length to 

 the calyx. Stamens 10. Styles 2. Capsules 1-celled. 



SECT. I. VACCA'RIA (from vaccarius, a cow-herb ; this plant was 

 said to be sought after by cowherds, because it was believed to 

 excite the lacteal secretionin cows). Dod. pempt. 104. D. C. prod. 

 1. p. 365. Flowers panicled. Calyx inflated, angular, smooth. 

 This section does not appear to differ materially from Gypsophila. 



1 S. VACCARIA (Lin. spec. 585.) flowers panicled; calyxes 

 pyramidal, smooth, 5-angled ; bracteas membranaceous, acute ; 

 leaves ovate -lanceolate, sessile. 0. H. Native among corn in 

 many parts of Europe, particularly France, Germany, Switzer- 

 land and the Levant. Sims, bot. mag. 2290. J. Bauh. hist. 

 3. p. 357. f. 2. (bad). Lychnis vaccaria, Scop. fl. earn. no. 511. 

 Gypsophila vaccaria, Smith, fl. grsec. 380. Flowers red. 



Var. fl, grandiflbra (Fisch. in litt.) petals broad. Q. H. 

 Native of Iberia. Petals naked, crenate, emarginate. 



Cow-herb Soapwort. Fl. Jul. Aug. Clt. 1596. PI. 1 to 2 ft. 



2 S. PERFOLIA IA (Roxb. hort. beng. p. 34. Willd. enum. 



