CARYOPHYLLE^E. VII. VISCARIA. VIII. LYCHNIS. 



415 



1032. Clus. hist. 1. p. 289. f. 2. Flowers rose-coloured, 

 scentless, disposed in a crowded clustered raceme. Calyx purplish. 



Far. (3,Jldre-pleno ; flowers double. This plant is very com- 

 mon in rustic gardens, where it is called Double Catchfly. It is a 

 very ornamental plant. 



Common Red German Catchfly, or Rock Lychnis. Fl. May, 

 June. Britain. PI. 1 to 1|- foot. 



2 V. NEGLE'CTA (G. Don, in Loud. hort. brit. p. 186.) stem 

 not clammy ; petals entire ; leaves lanceolate, linear, ciliated at 

 the base. Tj. . H. Native of ? Lychnis viscaria albiflora, Hort. 

 Flowers white. An elegant plant. 



Neglected Rock Lychnis. Fl. May, June. Clt. ? PI. 1 foot. 



3 V. ALPINA; smooth, not viscid; petals cloven; flowers 

 densely corymbose ; leaves linear-lanceolate, naked at the base. 

 If,. H. Native of several parts in the north of Europe, Lapland, 

 Denmark, &c. also said to grow on the Pyrenees. In Scotland, 

 near the summits of the Clova Mountains, in Angus-shire. 

 Lychnis alpina, Lin. spec. 626. Smith, engl. bot. 2254. Fl. dan. 

 62. Flowers crowded into a dense tuft at the top of the stems, 

 of a bright rose-colour, tetragynous in the American plant. 



Alpine Red Campion or Rock Lychnis. Fl. June, July. Scot- 

 land. PI. i foot. 



4 V. HELVE'TICA (G. Don, in Loud. hort. brit. 186.) smooth, 

 not viscid ; leaves lanceolate, naked at the base ; petals cloven 

 to the middle, acute ; calyx ventricose ; flowers crowded 

 into a convex umbel ; anthophorum long. 1^ . H. Native of 

 Switzerland on the Alps. Lychnis alpina, Sims, bot. mag. 394. 

 Flowers beautiful rose-coloured ; petals crowned with small 

 protuberances rather than teeth ; this is said to be the case in 

 V. alpina. Hall. hist. 1. p. 400. t. 17. There are several 

 species under the name of Lychnis alpina in the gardens. The 

 one so named in the Botanical Magazine is a biennial plant. 



Swiss Red Campion or Rock Lychnis. Fl. June, July. Clt. 

 1810. PI. | foot. 



5 V. MAGELLA'NICA ; plant rather villous, tufted ; leaves 

 linear, acute ; flowers in terminal fascicles ; petals emarginate, 

 with a tooth on each side at the base ? equalling the campanulate 

 calyx in length. "H. . F. Native of the Straits of Magellan. 

 Lychnis Magellanica, Lam. diet. 3. p. 641. 



Magellan Rock Lynchis. PL -| foot. 



Cult. Pretty plants, well adapted for rock-work, or the 

 front of flower-borders. They thrive best in light sandy soil. 

 V. alpina and V. Helvetica grow well in pots as alpines. They 

 are all increased by dividing the plants at the root, this should 

 be done three times in the course of the summer, for when they 

 become large and matted they are apt to be destroyed by a 

 kind of green insect. 



VIII. LY'CHNIS (from \vyyos, lychnos, a link or lamp; 

 probably in allusion to the brilliancy of the flowers of most of the 

 species.) Lin. gen. no. 231. D. C. fl. fr. 4. p. 761. 



LIN. SYST. Decdndria, Pentagynia, Calyx cylindrical, 

 clavated, 5-toothed, naked. Petals 5, unguiculate, crowned 

 with scales at the throat. Stamens 10. Styles 5. Capsule 1- 

 celled. Anthophorum long or short. Smooth, hairy, or woolly 

 herbs, with terminal corymbs of flowers rarely solitary. 



1 L. CHALCEDO'NICA (Lin. spec. 625.) plant smoothish, 

 clammy ; flowers corymbose, in bundles ; calyx cylindrical, cla- 

 vated, ribbed ; petals 2-lobed ; anthophorum long ; leaves lan- 

 ceolate, rather cordate at the base, and rather pilose, clasping the 

 stem. "H. . H. Native of Siberia about Barnaoul and in Japan. 

 Curt. bot. mag. 257. Clus. hist. 1. p. 192. f. 1. Flowers either 

 scarlet, rose-coloured, or white. 



Var. ft, fibre-plena ; flowers double, scarlet. Double scarlet 

 Lychnis. 



Far. y, albiflora ; flowers single, white. White Lychnis. 

 Var. S, dlbo-plena; flowers double, white. Double White Lychnis, 

 This most shewy plant is. called Scarlet Lychnis in England. 

 Croix de Malthe in France and Portugal ; Croce de Cavaliere in 

 Italy ; Croix de Jerusalem in Spain. 



Chalcedonian or Scarlet Lychnis. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1596. 

 PI. 1 J to 3 feet. 



2 L. FLOS- jo v vis (Lin. spec. 625.) plant white from tomen- 

 tum ; flowers in umbellate heads ; calyx cylindrical, clavated, 

 ribbed ; petals 2-lobed ; anthophorum short, thick ; leaves lan- 

 ceolate, clasping the stem, silky-tomentose. Tf. . H. Native 

 of Switzerland and Piedmont on dry rocks. Curt. bot. mag. 

 390. Mor. hist. 2. p. 540. sect. 5. t. 36. f. 2. Peduncles short, 

 rather branched. Flowers purple or scarlet. 



Var. /3, rambsa (Ser. mss. in D. C. prod. 1. p. 385.) flowers 

 in panicled corymbs. 3. H. Native of Savoy on mount Bre- 

 son. Flowers red. 



Flower of Jove or Umbellate Lychnis. Fl. July. Clt. 1726. 

 PI. H foot. 



3 L. GRANDIFLCIRA (Jacq. coll. 1. p. 149. pi. rar. t. 84.) 

 plant glabrous ; flowers solitary or tern, terminal and axillary ; 

 calyx terete, clavated, ribbed ; petals lacerated ; anthophorum 

 very long ; leaves ovate, almost sessile. %. G. Native of 

 China and Japan. Lychnis coronata, Thunb. jap. 187. Delaun. 

 herb. amat. t. 25. Curt. bot. mag. 223. Flowers large, beau- 

 tiful scarlet, pale beneath. 



Var. /3, tetrapetala (Ser. mss. in D. C. prod. 1. p. 386.) 

 calyx 4-toothed. Petals 4. 



Great-flowered Lychnis. Fl. June, Sept. Clt. 1774. PI. 1 

 to 1| foot. 



4 L. FU'LGENS (Fisch. in Sims, bot. mag. t. 2104.) plant 

 hairy ; flowers in fastigiate corymbs ; calyx terete, clavated, 

 woolly ; petals 4-cleft, outer segments awl-shaped ; anthophorum 

 short ; leaves ovate, hairy. If. . H. Native of Siberia. Ker, 

 bot. reg. 478. Rchb. icon. t. 5. Flowers large, beautiful, of 

 a vermilion colour. 



Fulgent Lychnis. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1819. PI. 1 to 2 

 foot. 



5 L. CCSII-RO'SA (Desrouss. in Lam. diet. 3. p. 644.) plant 

 glabrous ; stem dichotomously panicled, erect ; flowers solitary, 

 terminal ; calyx clavated, with 10 ribs ; lobes very acute ; petals 

 lobed ; leaves linear, acute ; anthophorum long. Q.H. Native 

 of Sicily, Barbary, and the Levant, in corn-fields, &c. Agro- 

 stemma cce' li-rosa, Lin. spec. 624. Curt. bot. mag. 295. Moris, 

 hist. sect. 5. t. 2. f. 32. Flowers flesh-coloured. 



Far. a, pusilla (Poir. suppl. 3. p. 537.) stem much branched 

 at the base; leaves linear, acute, almost glabrous. Q. H. 

 Native of Spain by the sea shore. 



Far. /3, Ice vis (Poir. 1. c.) stem angular, erect ; leaves smooth. 

 0. H. 



Var. y, dspera (Poir. 1. c.) stem almost round ; leaves narrow, 

 rough; angles of the calyx rough, serrulated. Q. H. 



Far. S, diffusa (D. C. cat. hort. monsp. p. 122.) stem flexuous, 

 decumbent. H. 



Rose of heaven or smooth Lychnis. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 

 1713. PI. to 1 foot. 



Cult. All the species of this genus are deserving of culti- 

 vation for the brilliancy of their blossoms. The Lychnis Chalce- 

 donica or scarlet lychnis, is an old and much esteemed borderr 

 flower, the double varieties of which require some care to 

 prevent them from returning to a single state, and to propagate 

 them by cuttings. L.fulgens and grandiflora are truly elegant 

 plants, these may be also increased by cuttings. They all thrive 

 best in light rich loamy soil, but they must often be taken up 

 and divided or they dwindle away ; the best time to do this is 

 early in spring. L. grandiflora will thrive well and flower 

 1 



