BYTTNERIACE.E. 



519 



with a pleasant mucilage, which is sweet and very agreeable. An 

 extract of the bark of the same plant is used in Martinique to 

 clarify sugar ; its old bark is employed in the form of a strong 

 decoction as a sudorific. The Waltheria Durandinha contains 

 a great deal of mucilage, and is employed by the Brazilians as 

 an antisyphilitic. The seeds of Theobroma Cacao are the cacao 

 of the shops, and from whence the chocolate is obtained. Seeds 

 of most of the genera are easily introduced in a living state from 

 their native places, but those of Theobroma soon become rancid. 



Synopsis of the Genera, 



TRIBE I. 



BYTTNERIE V ^E. Petals usually concave, and arched at the base 

 (f. 88. b.), but expanded into a ligula at the apex. Stamens 

 10-30 or more, divided into 5 (f. 89. h.} or 10 bundles. Filaments 

 5, sterile, ligulate (f. 88. &.), with 5 alternate fertile ones, soli- 

 tary or ternately-penladelphous (f. 89. I. h.), rarely l-anlhered ; 

 these are opposite the petals. Ovary 5-celled (f. 88. rf.) ; 

 cells usually 2-seeded. Seeds sometimes exalbumenous, with 

 thick cotyledons, sometimes albumenous, with leafy, flat, or convo- 

 lute cotyledons. 



1 THEOBRO'MA. Sepals 5 (f. 88. a.). Petals 5 (f. 88. &.), 

 arched at the base. Urceolus of stamens with 5 horns, and 

 between them 5 2-anthered filaments. Style filiform, crowned 

 by a 5-parted stigma. Capsule 5-celled, valveless (f. 88. d.). 

 Seeds imbedded in pulp (f. 88. c.). Albumen wanting. Coty- 

 ledons thick, oily, corrugated. 



2 ABRO'MA. Calyx 5-parted. Petals 5, with the claws sac- 

 cate at the base. Urceolus of stamens 10-cleft, 5 of which bear 

 3 anthers each, the other 5 petal-formed. Capsule 5-celled, 5- 

 winged, many- seeded. Seeds arillate. Albumen fleshy. Cotyle- 

 dons leafy, transversely flexuous. 



3 GUAZU'MA. Sepals 5 or diversely connate, 2-3-parted. 

 Petals 5, 2-hornedat the apex. Filaments hardly connate at the 

 base, divided into 5 sterile lobes, and 5 alternate threads, which 

 are trifid at the apex, each division bearing an anther. Styles 5, 

 conniving. Capsule woody, tubercled, valveless, 5-celled, open- 

 ing by 10 holes at the apex, many-seeded. Seeds ovate. Coty- 

 ledons plaited. 



4 GLOSSOSTF/MON. Calyx 5-parted. Petals 5, terminating 

 in a filiform acumen. Stamens 25-35, monadelphous at the 

 base, divided into 5 bundles, and 5 sterile strap-formed pro- 

 cesses. Ovary 1, 5-celled; cells many-seeded. Style 1, crown- 

 ed by 5 stigmas. Capsule covered with bristles. 



5 COMMERSO'NIA. Calyx 5-parted. Petals 5, dilated, and sac- 

 cate at the base, tapering gradually into a ligula at the apex. 

 Stamens 10, connate at the base, 5 of which are sterile and 

 petaloid, stellately spreading ; the other 5 are awl-shaped and 

 fertile, bearing 1-2 anthers each. Styles 5. Ovary 5-celled ; 

 cells 3-5, ovulate. Capsule 3-5 valved, echinated with bristles. 

 Albumen fleshy. Inflorescence cymose. 



6 BYTTNERIA. The same as Commersbnia, but the fertile 

 filaments are awl-shaped, bearing 2anthers each, and the petals 



are drawn out into a ligula on the back, between the lobes of 

 the concave part. Albumen wanting. 



7 AYE'NIA. Calyx 5-parted. Petals with long claws, arched, 

 broadest at the apex, terminated by pedicellate glands. Ur- 

 ceolus of stamens 10-15-toothed, 5 or 10 of these are sterile, and 

 5 fertile, 1-anthered. Style crowned by a pentagonal stigma. 

 Carpels 5, 2-valved, conniving into a subglobose, echinated, 

 single fruit. Albumen wanting. 



8 ? KLEINHO'VIA. Calyx 5-parted. Petals 5, one of which 

 is longer than the rest, and cleft at the apex. Stamens mona- 

 delphous, divided at the top into 5 bundles opposite the petals, 

 each bundle bearing 3 anthers on the back. Ovary stipitate. 

 Style crowned by a subcrenated stigma. Capsule inflated, 

 turbinate, 5-angled, 5-celled, 5-seeded. Seeds roundish. Coty- 

 ledons spirally twisted around the plumule. 



TRIBE II. 



LASIOPETA'LE^S. Calyx 5-parted, petaloid (f. 80. b.), per- 

 manent or marcescent. Petals minute (f. 90. c.), scale-formed, 

 rarely wanting. Filaments awl-shaped, connate at the base, 

 when 5 they are opposite the petals and fertile, when 10 the alter- 

 nate ones are sterile. Anthers incumbent, with contiguous lobes. 

 Ovary 3-5-celled; cells Z-8-ovulate. Carpels 5, 2-valved, 

 usually closely connected, or sometimes nearly free. Seeds stro- 

 phiolate at the base. Albumen Jleshy. Embryo straight. Coty- 

 ledons flat, leafy. 



9 SERI'NGIA. Calyx marcescent. Petals wanting. Fila- 

 ments 10, alternate ones sterile. Anthers bursting by dorsal 

 chinks. Carpels 5, 2-valved, 2-3-seeded. Strophiola of seeds 

 crenate. Stipulas small, deciduous. 



10 LASIOPE'TALON. Calyx permanent (f. 90. c.). Petals 5, 

 gland-formed. Filaments 5, free. Anthers bursting by 2 pores 

 on the inside. Ovary 1, 3-celled ; cells containing 2-ovulae. 

 Capsule 3-valved (f. 90. 6.), with valvular dissepiments, opening 

 at the cells. Strophiola of seeds jagged. Stipulas wanting. 



1 1 GUICHENO'TIA. Calyx permanent. Petals 5, gland-formed. 

 Filaments 5, free. Anthers opening by lateral chinks. Ovary 

 5-celled ; cells containing 5-ovulae, densely tomentose on the 

 inside. Stipulas wanting. 



12 THOMA'SIA. Calyx permanent, veiny. Petals 5, scale- 

 formed or wanting. Filaments for the most part connate at the 

 base, 5 or 10. Anthers bursting by lateral chinks. Ovary 3- 

 celled ; cells containing 2-8-ovulse. Capsule 3-valved, with 

 valvular dissepiments, opening at the cells. Strophiola of seed 

 crenate. Stipulas leafy, permanent. 



13 KERAUDRE'NIA. Calyx permanent. Petals wanting. Fila- 

 ments 5, fertile, imbricately conniving at the base. Anthers 

 bursting by dorsal chinks. Ovary 3-celled ; cells containing 

 many-ovulae. Styles 3, partly connected. Capsule echinately- 

 tomentose, 1-celled from abortion, 3-valved. Strophiola of seed 

 entire. Stipulas minute, permanent. 



TRIBE III. 



HERMANNIE^E. Calyx 5-lobed, permanent, sometimes naked, 

 sometimes involucrated. Petals 5, spirally twisted before expan- 



