510 



BYTTNERIACE.E. XXXIV. GOETHEA. TILIACE^E. 



FIG. 9S. 



1 G. SEMPERFLo v RENs(Neesand 

 Mart. 1. c. p. 92. t. 7.) leaves ellip- 

 tical, serrated at the apex ; flowers 

 usually terminal ; involucel 6-cleft 

 (f. 93. 6.) Tj . S. Native of Brazil in 

 woods nigh to the road to Felisbert, 

 at the temple of Ferreira Campos. 

 Involucrum brown. Flowers pur- 

 plish, with a white disk. 



Ever-flowering Goethea. Fl. 

 year. Tree 30 feet. 



2 G. CAULIFLORA (Nees and 

 Mart. 1. c. p. 93. t. 8.) leaves ob- 

 long, quite entire ; flowers rising 

 laterally from the trunk ; involucel 

 4-parted. Tj . S. Native of Bra- 

 zil at the river called Ilheos, and 

 in Maranham by river sides. 

 Leaves large. Flowers with a 



scarlet involucel. We have seen this plant at Maranham in 

 Brazil, or another species, which grows to a large tree. 



Stem-flowered Goethea. Fl. Dec. Shrub 4 feet. 



Cult. Goethea is a genus of beautiful trees. A mixture of 

 loam, sand, and peat, will suit them well, and young cuttings 

 with their leaves on will root in sand under a hand-glass, in 

 heat. 



ORDER XXXIV. TILIACE.E (plants agreeing with Tilia 

 in important characters). Juss. gen. p. 290, exclusive of Genera, 

 Kunth, malv. p. 14. nov. gen. amer. 5. p. 354. D. C. prod. 1. 

 p. 503. 



Calyx usually naked on the outside, of 4-5 sepals (f. 94. a.}, 

 rarely of 4-7 lobes, valvate in aestivation. Petals equal in number 

 to the sepals, and alternating with them (f. 94. &.), entire, usually 

 foveolate at the claw, rarely absent. Stamens hypogynous, free, 

 usually indefinite in numbers (f. 94. d.), rarely definite. An- 

 thers oval or roundish, 2-celled, bursting lengthwise by a double 

 chink. Glands equal in number to the petals, and opposite 

 them, adhering to the stipe of the ovary. Ovary 1 , constantly 

 composed (f. 94. g.) of 2-10 closely joined carpels, crowned by 

 an equal number of styles, which are joined together in 1, ter- 

 minated by as many, usually free, stigmas (f. 94. g.). Capsule 

 many-celled (f. 94./.) ; cells many-seeded (f. 94./.). Albumen 

 fleshy, rarely wanting. Embryo straight, with flat, leafy cotyle- 

 dons. This order differs from Malvaceae, Bomlacece, Stercu- 

 liacece, and Byttneridcece, in the filaments being free ; from Elceo- 

 cdrpeee in the petals being entire, not fringed, nor lobed, in the 

 anthers being oval or roundish, not filiform and tetragonal, in 

 bursting lengthwise, not by an oblong pore at the apex of the 

 cells, as in that order. The order is composed of herbs, shrubs, 

 and trees. Some of them are remarkable for their beauty, with 

 alternate, simple, bistipulate leaves, which are usually serrate or 

 toothed, and axillary, solitary, racemose or panicled flowers. 

 The Lime Tilia, from which the order derives its name, is a 

 genus of fine trees, with fragrant flowers, the inner bark of 

 which is tough and separable, and supplies the material whence 

 the Russia mats, used by gardeners and others, are prepared. 

 Corchorus olitorius is cultivated in Egypt as a garden vegetable ; 



the fibres of the bark of Corchorus capularis are twisted into 

 fishing-lines, and the roasted nuts of the lime tree are reported 

 to bear some resemblance to chocolate. The SparmAnnia and 

 Entelea are elegant, broad, maple-leaved, green-house shrubs. 

 The seeds retain their power of vegetation for many years. 



Synopsis of the Genera. 



1 SPARMA'NNJA. Sepals and petals 4. Stamens numerous, 

 intermixed with sterile threads. Capsule echinated, 6-valved, 6- 

 celled ; cells 2-seeded. 



2 ENTELE'A. Sepals and petals 4-5. Stamens numerous, 

 all fertile, not intermixed with sterile threads. Capsule sphe- 

 rical, echinated, half 6-valved, 6-celled, many-seeded. 



3 HELIOCA'RPCS. Sepals and petals 4. Stamens 12-20. 

 Style 1, bifid, with recurved segments. Capsule stipitate, some- 

 what compressed, radiated lengthwise on all sides, 2-valved, 2- 

 celled, 2-seeded. 



4 ANTICHO'RUS. Sepals and petals 4. Stamens 8. Style 1. 

 Capsule awl-shaped, 4-valved, 4-celled ; cells many-seeded. 



5 CO'RCHORUS. Sepals and petals 5. Stamens numerous. 

 Style almost wanting. Stigmas 2-5. Capsule awl-shaped or 

 roundish, 2-5-valved, 2-5-celled ; valves with a dissepiment in 

 the middle of each. Seeds in 2 series. 



6 HONCKE'NYA. Sepals and petals 5. Stamens 8, with nu- 

 merous capillary threads. Style crowned by a 6-toothed stigma ? 

 Capsule echinated, 5-valved, 5-celled. Valves with a dissepi- 

 ment in the middle of each. Seeds numerous, arillate. 



7 TRIUMFE'TTA. Sepals and petals 5. Stamens 10-30, 

 sometimes a little connected at the base. Style 1. Carpels 2-4, 

 closely joined together into a head, echinated by bristles, which 

 are hooked at the apex. Seeds twin, or solitary in the cells. 



8 PO'RPA. Calyx 5-parted. Petals 5. Stamens 26-30, 

 girded by a membranous ring. Style 1, crowned by a 3-tooth- 

 ed stigma. Capsule hairy, 8-celled ; cells 1 -seeded. 



9 GRE^WIA. Sepals 5. Petals 5, with a scale at the base of 

 each on the inside. Stamens numerous, rising from the apex of 

 the torus. Anthers roundish. Style 1, crowned by a 4-lobed 

 stigma. Drupe 4-lobed, containing 2-4 nuts, which are 2- 

 celled and 2-seeded, rarely 1 -seeded. 



10 MI'CROCOS. Sepals 5. Petals 5, destitute of scales on 

 the inside. Stamens numerous, inserted on the top of the torus. 

 Anthers roundish. Style crowned by a bluntish stigma. 



11 VINCE'NTIA. Sepals and petals 5, the last bifid. Stamens 

 numerous. . Style crowned by a 4-lobed stigma. Capsule glo- 

 bose, indehiscent, containing 4 4-celled nuts, or from abortion 

 only 1 -celled and 1 -seeded. 



12 COLU'MBIA. Sepals and petals 5. Stamens numerous. 

 Style 1. Torus pentagonal. Fruit globose, 4-celled, 4- 

 winged, but perhaps composed of 2 2-winged, 2-seeded carpels. 



13 TI'LIA. Calyx 5-parted. Petals 5. Stamens numerous, 

 free, or somewhat polyadelphous. Ovary globose, villous, 1- 

 styled, 5- celled ; cells 2-seeded. Nut coriaceous, 1 -celled, 1-2- 

 seeded from abortion. 



14 BROWNLO'WIA. Calyx 5-parted. Petals 5, with 5 linear 



