590 



AURANTIACEjE. XIV. CITRUS. 



3 C. JAVA'NICUM (Blum, bijdr. ex Schlecht. Linnoca. 1. p. 

 667.) petioles winged ; leaves oval, very blunt, unequally crenu- 

 lated ; flowers with 22 stamens ; fruit oblong, with an obtuse 

 point, with a thick rind and bitter pulp. Tj . S. Native of Java. 

 Allied to C. Limetta. 



Java Lemon. Tree 20 feet. 



4 C. LIMONUM (Risso, ann. mus. 20. p. 201.) petioles some- 

 what winged ; leaves oval-oblong, crenulated ; flowers with 25-35 

 stamens, but usually without styles ; fruit oblong, with a very 

 thin rind, and very acid pulp. (j . G. Native of Asia, but 

 cultivated in the south of Europe, and most parts of the world 

 within the tropics. Citrus Medica Limon, Gal. cit. 1 05. exclusive 

 of the varieties under no. 2. Ferr. hesp. t. 247, 211, 253, 223, 

 229, 293, 255, 265, 105, 225, 207, 243, 219, 301, 307, 215. 

 C. Limon, Lin. Mill. Petals purplish on the outside. Branches 

 violet. Racemes axillary. Fruit ovate, with a yellow rind, adher- 

 ing to the pulp. It is commonly called Citron (Ital.), Limone (Fr.). 



The most remarkable varieties in the English gardens are, 

 1 Common Lemon. 2 Pear-shaped Lemon. Fruit small, 

 with very little juice. 3 Imperial Lemon. The fruit of this 

 variety is sometimes imported from Italy, but not from Spain or 

 Portugal. 4 Furrowed Lemon. 5 Childing Lemon. 6 Dou- 

 ble-flowered Lemon. 7 Broad-leaved Lemon. 8 Chinese Le- 

 mon. 9 Rough-fruited Lemon. 10 Smooth-leaved Lemon. 

 11 Gold and Silver-striped Lemon. 12 Upright Lemon. 13 

 Warted- fruited Lemon. 14 St. Helena Lemon. Browne men- 

 tions this variety as having been introduced into Jamaica, and 

 much cultivated there, on account of its large fruit, which fre- 

 quently yields about a pint of juice. 15 Fingered Lemon. In 

 China and other parts of the East, they have a remarkable 

 variety of Lemon or Citron, which has a solid fruit, without any 

 cells or pulp, and divided above the middle into 5 or more 

 long round parts, a little crooked, and having the appearance 

 of the human hand, with the fingers a little bent, whence the 

 Chinese call it Phat thti, or Fingered Lemon. 



Risso gives the following description of the species : The stem 

 is straight, and much branched, hairy and spiny, covered with a 

 clear grey bark; the branchlets are violet. The leaves, are 

 petioled, oblong, acuminated, and toothed, of a yellowish-green 

 colour, beset with small transparent points. The petioles are 

 long, with a leafy border, which is lengthened out even to the 

 base. The calyx is permanent and quinquefid, of a violet colour, 

 seated upon a long pedicel. The corolla is of 5 petals, which 

 are of a reddish-purple on the outside, but white on the inside, 

 with a heavy penetrating odour. The stamens are unconnected, 

 long, and about 36 in number, with yellow anthers. The pistil 

 is reddish. The fruit is small, egg-shaped, of a saffron-yellow 

 colour, terminated by a nipple-like protuberance ; the rind.is thin, 

 but compact, adhering closely to the pulp, which is divided into 

 10 cells, containing very acid juice. The seeds are oblong and 

 yellowish. 



Fruit egg-shaped, terminated by a small blunt nipple-like 

 point. 



1 Thin-rinded Lemon (Engl.), Limonier a scarce fine (Fr.), 

 Limone lustrato (Ital.), Limoun scorsofino (Nice), Citrus Limb- 

 num cortice tenui (Risso, 1. c.) Fruit ovate, very smooth, with a 

 thin rind and very acid pulp. Tour. inst. p. 321. Gal. p. 111. 

 n- 9- .The difference which separates this variety from the 

 species is its being less branched, and these destitute of spines, 

 and in the leaves being more oval, toothed, larger towards the 

 summit, and diminishing gradually towards the base, as well as 

 in the flowers being more numerous, and the petals being larger. 

 Fruit roundish, egg-shaped, very smooth and shiny, of a beauti- 

 ful greenish-yellow colour ; the rind is very thin and sweet- 



scented ; the pulp is very considerable, full of an agreeable acid 

 juice. Seeds small, but often wanting. 



2 Naples or Common jLzme^Engl.), Limonier de Calabre (Fr.), 

 Limoncello di Napoli (Ital.), Limouncello (Nice). Lima, Macf. 

 in Hook, bot. misc. pt. 3. p. 300. Flowers very white ; fruit 

 small, globose, with a thin sweet-scented rind and acid pulp. Ferr. 

 hesp. p. 209. t. 211. Vole. p. 144. Gal. p. 120. no. 16. This is a 

 beautiful variety, with spiny elongated branches, younger branches 

 of a greenish-red. Leaves oval-roundish, on short petioles. 

 Flowers of 5 or 6 oblong, pointed petals, with about 25 stamens. 

 Fruit small, round, of a pale-yellow colour, with a thin but firm 

 aromatic rind and acid pulp, usually without seeds. 



3 Streaked Lemon (Engl.), Limonier canelle (Fr.), Limone in- 

 canellato (Ital.), Limoun raiat (Nice), Citrus Limbnum striatum 

 (Risso). Fruit ovate, channelled, with a thick rind and acid pulp. 

 Ferr. hesp. p. 245. t. 247. Vole. no. 9. In spite of the opinions 

 of many authors that the varieties of Limes do not retain their cha- 

 racters for any length of time, this variety, according to Risso, has 

 retained its character since the time of Ferrari without any change, 

 in spite of the difference of climate and soil to which it has been 

 transplanted. Tree branched ; branches brittle, beset with small 

 points. Leaves oval-roundish, toothletted, of a pale- green 

 colour. Flowers solitary, composed of 4 petals. Fruit striped 

 lengthwise, and terminated by a small nipple-like process, with 

 the rind rather thick ; the pulp is divided into 9 or 10 cells, full 

 of an acid juice. Seeds not very numerous. 



4 Sbardonius's Lemon or Round Lime (Engl.), Limonier de 

 Sbardonius(Fr.), Limone Sbardonio (Ital.), Limoun rount (Nice), 

 Citrus Limonum Sbardonii (Risso). Leaves oblong, acute, 

 wrinkled ; fruit ovate-roundish, wrinkled, with an acid pulp. 

 Ferr. hesp. p. 251. t. 253. This variety is named in honour of 

 the director of the botanic garden at Rome by the celebrated 

 Ferrari. Principal branches grey. Leaves oblong, thin, tooth- 

 ed, pointed, of a dark-green colour, on rough petioles. Flowers 

 of 4 large petals and 4 small ones, white inside, but reddish on 

 the outside, with about 50 stamens. Fruit roundish-oval, rough, 

 of a fine clear yellow colour, and furnished with tubercles to- 

 wards the peduncle, and terminated by a nipple-like protuber- 

 ance, which is crowned by the usually permanent style ; the rind 

 is rather thick; the pulp is divided into 10 or 12 cells, full of 

 an acid juice. Seeds roundish-oval. 



5 Incomparable Lemon (Engl.), Limonier incomparable (Fr.), 

 Limone incomparabile (Ital.), Limoun gros (Nice), Citrus Limb- 

 num incompardbile (Risso). Fruit large, roundish-ovate, with a 

 thin, very smooth rind and acid pulp. Ferr. hesp. p. 221. t. 

 223. In spite of the distinctive characters which Ferrari had 

 given to this variety, the name has fallen into oblivion. Branches 

 reddish. Leaves oblong, pointed, large, on long petioles. 

 Flow-ers usually 2 to 4 upon the same pedicel, with a rough 

 calyx, small petals, and about 30 very long stamens. Fruit 

 roundish-oval, very large, of a clear yellow colour, terminated 

 by a small, blunt, nipple-like protuberance ; the rind is rather 

 thick ; the pulp is very considerable, divided into 1 cells, full 

 of an acid juice. Seeds oblong. 



6 Small-fruited Lime (Engl.), Limonier a petit fruit (Fr.), 

 Limotte picollo (Ital.), Limoun gallo (Nice), Citrus Limbnum 



fructu pusillo (Risso). Ferr. hesp. p. 209. t. 211. The name 

 that has been given to this variety is sufficient to distinguish it 

 from all others. Branches a little spiny. Leaves small, oblong, 

 pointed, on long petioles. Flowers usually scattered, with 

 small petals, which are purplish on the outside, but white on the 

 inside. Fruit round, very small, of a greenish-yellow colour ; 

 the rind is rather thick ; the pulp is divided into 9 cells, full of 

 rather acid pulp. 



7 Caly Lime (Engl.), Limonier Caly (Fr.), Limone cerceli 

 (Ital.), Limoun Cali (Nice), Citrus Limonum Caly (Risso). This 



