592 



AURANTIACE^E. XIV. CITRUS. 



The branches of this tree are thick and are furnished with spines. 

 The leaves are large, oval-oblong, pointed or blunt, on short 

 petioles. The flowers are composed of from 6-9 reflexed petals, 

 with about 40 unequal stamens, which are usually about the 

 length of the pistil. The fruit is oblong-roundish, terminated 

 by a long navel-like protuberance, with a very thick, wrinkled, 

 clear yellow rind; the pulp is divided into 10 cells, full of an 

 acid juice, containing a few seeds. 



18 Long-fruited Lime (Engl.). Limonier a fruit allonge 

 (Fr.). Limone lungo (Ital.). Limoun nazellou (Nice). Citrus 

 Limbnum elongatum (Risso). Fruit elongated, yellow, with a 

 curved point and acid pulp. This is a beautiful variety, and is 

 easily distinguished from the others by its tall straight branches, 

 and by its large elliptical leaves, which are of a gay green colour, 

 placed on thin petioles, which are a little twisted at the base. 

 The flowers are composed of 5 purplish petals, with about 30 

 stamens. The fruit is long, usually terminated by a short curved 

 point, with a thick, spongy, beautiful yellow rind, of an insipid 

 taste ; the pulp is divided into 10 cells, full of acid juice, with- 

 out any seeds. 



19 Amalf, Lemon (Engl.). Limonier d'Amalfi (Fr.). Limone 

 d'Amalji (Ital.). Limoun long (Nice). Citrus Limbnum Amal- 

 phitanum (Risso). Fruit oblong, warted, with an elongated 

 point and acid pulp. Ferr. hesp. 203. t. 207. This variety 

 bears the name of the country where it has apparently been cul- 

 tivated for the first time. It differs from the other varieties, in 

 the fruit being longer and warted. The leaves are round, of a 

 green mixed with yellow. The flowers are composed of 5, 

 usually unequal petals, which are slightly tinged with purple, 

 with about 40 stamens, bearing very long anthers. The fruit is 

 long, straight, and rugged, terminated by a long, nipple-like 

 point, with a rather thick dark-yellow rind ; the pulp is divided 

 into 10 cells, full of a rather acid pulp, containing oblong seeds, 

 which are pointed at one end. 



20 Balotin Lemon (Engl.). Limonier Balotin (Fr.). Limone 

 Balotino (Ital.). Limoun Baloutin (Nice). Citrus Limbnum 

 Balotinum (Risso). Fruit oblong, with a thick, even, or rugged 

 rind, containing a rather acid pulp. Desf. tab. de 1'ecol. de 

 hot. p. 188. This variety cannot be confounded with any other 

 in this series. The tree has a prickly appearance, with long 

 branches. The leaves are oval-oblong, straight, serrated, and 

 standing upon long yellow petioles. The flowers are 6-petalled, 

 with the teeth of the calyx sharp. The fruit is roundish-oblong, 

 lengthened towards the peduncle, and is terminated by a nipple- 

 like point, with a rather thickish yellow rind which has an insipid 

 taste ; the pulp is divided into 1 3 unequal cells, full of a sourish 

 juice, without any seeds. 



21 Clustered Lime (Engl.). Limonier a fruit en grappe (Fr.). 

 Limone racemoso (Ital.). Limoun a bouquet (Nice). Citrus 

 Limbnum racemdsum (Risso). Fruit rounded, oblong, with a 

 curved point, with rather acid pulp. Ferr. hesp. p. 239. t. 243. 

 The leaves are oval-oblong, pointed. The flowers are collected 

 in corymbs, the corolla is long, and composed of 5 petals. The 

 fruit in great number on each peduncle, oblong-rounded, ter- 

 minated by a nipple-like point which is usually curved, with a 

 thick, shining, clear yellow rind ; the pulp is full of sourish juice, 

 containing a few oblong seeds. The variety is cultivated to a 

 great extent in the south of Europe, on account of its bearing 

 abundance of fruit all the year round. 



22 Laura Lemon (Engl.). Limonier Lame (Fr.). Citrus 

 Limbnum Laura (Risso). Fruit large, oblong, wrinkled, with 

 a thick rind and acid juice. Ferr. hesp. 217. t. 219. The name 

 given by Ferrari to this variety has been retained. The tree 

 has a fine appearance ; the branches are furnished with some 

 spines. The leaves are very long, thin, of a fine green colour, 

 upon very long petioles. The flowers are very large. The 



fruit is oblong, rounded, very large, smooth or furnished with 

 a few protuberances, terminated by a small point, with an 

 agreeable scent ; the rind is very thick and compact, of a dark 

 yellow colour, with a very agreeable taste, the pulp is whitish, 

 divided into 1 1 cells, full of an acid juice, containing a few 

 elongated seeds. 



23 Citron Lemon (Engl.). Limonier cedrat (Fr.). Limone 

 cedrato (Ital.). Limoun sedrou (Nice). Citrus Limbnum citra- 

 tum (Risso). Ferr. hesp. p. 299. t. 301. Gal. p. 115. no. 12. 

 The branches of this tree are covered with a smooth grey bark. 

 The leaves are oval-oblong, pointed, on long petioles. The 

 flowers are usually solitary. The fruit is very large, oblong, 

 rounded, of a pale-yellow colour, traversed by warted nerves, 

 which renders it very rugged, with a very thick firm rind and 

 a very small quantity of pulp, which is divided into many 

 cells, full of an acid juice, without seeds. 



24 Two-teated Lemon (Engl.). Limonier a fruit a deux mame- 

 lons (Fr.). Limone bicapezuollato (Ital.). Limoun pouncut 

 (Nice). Citrus Limbnum fructu bipapillato (Risso). Fruit 

 ovate-oblong, greenish-yellow, with two nipple-like points. Ferr. 

 hesp. p. 233. t. 215. This variety is easily distinguished by 

 the form of its fruit. The branches are furnished with some 

 points. The leaves are oval-oblong, pointed, of a greenish-yellow 

 colour. The rind of the fruit is very thin, and the pulp has a 

 very agreeable acid taste. 



The following names occur in the English nurseries : 1 The 

 Common Lime. 2 Broad-leaved. 3 Chinese. 4 Weeping. 

 5 West India. 



The quality of limes and lemons are only to be judged by the 

 quantity and acidity of their juice ; the juice of the lime is 

 preferred in tropical countries to that of the lemon, as being 

 more wholesome and agreeable ; mixed with water and sugar it 

 is called lemonade. Its medical qualities are the same as those 

 of the lemon, see p. 588 and 589. Lime-trees usually grow from 

 10 to 12 feet high, branching much from the base, and generally 

 furnished with spines, therefore they are usually planted for 

 fences as well as for their fruit in warm climates. 



Lemon and Lime. Fl. May, July. Clt. 1648. Tr. 8 to 20 ft. 



5 C. PARADISI (Macfadyen, in Hook. hot. misc. pt. 3. p. 304.) 

 leaves oval, rounded, crenulate, smooth ; petioles winged ; sta- 

 mens 25 ; fruit large, subacid. Jj . G. Native ? Lomonier pomme 

 (Fr.). Limone cedrato (Ital.). Limoun senso aigre (Nice). Citrus 

 Limbnum Paradisi (Risso). Fruit ovate-oblong, with a very thick 

 and very smooth rind, and hardly any pulp, but what there is, 

 is rather acid. The flowers are large, composed of 4-7 unequal 

 petals. The fruit pear-shaped, of a greenish-yellow colour, with 

 a good-tasted very thick tender rind. In Jamaica there are two 

 varieties of this species, the Barbadoes grape-fruit and the For- 

 bidden-fruit ; the first possesses most of the sweet principle. 



Paradise Orange or Forbidden -fruit. Fl. May, July. Clt.? 

 Tree 30 feet.^ 



6 C. AURA'NTIUM (Risso, ann. mus. 20. p. 181. t. 1. f. 1, 2.) 

 petioles almost naked ; leaves ovate-oblong, acuminate, with blunt 

 point flower with 20-22 stamens ; fruit globose with a thin rind 

 and sweet pulp. Tj . G. Native of Asia, but cultivated in the 

 south of Europe as well as in all the warmer regions of the 

 world. Citrus Aurantium Sinense, Gall. citr. 149. Ferr. hesp. 

 t. 427. 399. 401. and 385. Trunk naked at the bottom, but the 

 branches form a tuft at the top. Petals white. Fruit of a 

 golden colour. Commonly called Sweet Orange. The specific 

 name is derived from aurus, gold, colour of fruit. As a desert 

 fruit the orange is well known. The varieties most esteemed 

 are the China, Portugal, and Maltese. The fruit is also used 

 in confectionary, both ripe and when green and not larger than 

 a pea, it forms various liquors and conserves, either alone or 

 with sugars, wines, or spirits. In cooking it is used to perfume 



