618 



GUTTIFERJi. V. HAVETIA. VI. MORONOBEA. VII. CHRYSOPIA. VIII. MAMMEA. 



V. HAVETIA (in honour of M. Havet, a young botanical 

 collector, who was sent to the island of Madagascar to collect 

 plants, where he died). H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 5. 

 p. 204. t. 462. 



LIN. SYST. Dioecia, Tetrdndria. Male flowers. Calyx of 



4 orbicular, concave sepals, 2 outer ones smaller. Petals 4, 

 orbicular, concave, equal. Receptacle fleshy, orbicular, convex. 

 Anthers 4, alternating with the petals, and immersed in the disk, 

 1 -celled, 3-valved at the apex. Female flowers unknown. A 

 tree abounding in yellow, clammy juice, with opposite branches, 

 and quite entire obovate leaves, and terminal bractless panicles 

 of flowers. Flowers at the tops of the branches, twin, nearly 

 sessile. 



1 H. LAURIFOLIA (H. B. et Kunth, 1. c.). ^ S. Native on 

 the Andes about Popayan. Clusia tetrandria, Willd. spec. 4. 

 p. 978. 



Laurel-leaved Havetia. Tree. 



Cult. This tree will grow well in a mixture of loam and peat, 

 and ripened cuttings will root in sand or mould under a hand- 

 glass, in heat. 



Tribe II. 



CHRYSOPIE'jE. Ovary many-celled ; cells containing many 

 ovulce. Fruit fleshy, indehiscent, many-celled. 



VI. MORONO'BEA (Moronobo or Coronobo is the Carib- 

 bean name of M. coccinea). Aubl. guian. 2. p. 788. t. 313. 

 Symphonia, Lin. fil. suppl. p. 302. 



LIN. SYST. Polyadelphia, Polydndria. Calyx 5-parted, bract- 

 less, imbricate. Petals 5, alternating with the calycine lobes. 

 Stamens 15-20, joined into a tube at the base, which is deeply 

 5-cleft at the apex ; bearing the anthers on the outside, 3 or 4 

 on each segment, they are linear, 2-celled, bursting lengthwise 

 behind. Stigmas 5, nearly sessile. Ovary 5-celled ; cells con- 

 taining 5 ovulse. Fruit fleshy. Trees with corymbose flowers, 

 rarely solitary, terminal and axillary, hermaphrodite. 



1 M. COCCI'NEA (Aubl. guian. 2. p. 789. t. 313.) bud of flower 

 globose ; style very short ; leaves oblong, acute at both ends, 

 with an incurved point, coriaceous, without dots. Jj . S. Native 

 of Guiana in moist woods and on mountains. Symphonia globu- 

 lifera, Lin. fil. suppl. 302. Perhaps Symphonia esculenta, Arrud. 

 is not distinct from this. A lofty tree. Leaves approximating 

 at the ends of the branchlets, smooth, glaucous. Flowers about 

 the size of those of Thea, red, axillary, solitary, or in terminal, 

 few-flowered corymbs. The coriaceous rind of the fruit covers 

 the painted seeds, which are covered with a deep yellow mucous 

 substance interposed between them. The resinous juice which 

 flows from all parts of the tree when cut, is used by the Creoles 

 to tar their boats and ropes, and they also make flambeaus of it 

 mixed with other resins of the country. It is also used by the 

 Caribbees to attach the iron and the poison to their arrows. 



S"car/e<-flowered Moronobea. Tree 40 feet. 



2 M. GRANDIFLORA (Chois. in mem. hist. nat. p. 1. D. C. 

 prod. 1. p. 563.) bud of flowers conical-ovate ; style very long ; 

 flowers larger in all parts than in M. coccinea ; leaves elliptical- 

 lanceolate. Fj . S. Native of Guiana. Flowers red. 



Great-Jlonered Moronobea. Tree. 



Cult, These fine trees will grow in a mixture of loam and 

 peat ; and well-ripened cuttings will root in sand, under a hand- 

 glass, in a moist heat. 



VII. CHRYSO'PIA (from -upvaoc, chrysos, gold, and OTTVC, 

 opys, juice ; trees yielding yellow juice when cut). Pet. Th. gen. 

 mad. no. 48. 



LIN. SYST. Polyadelphia, Polydndria. Calyx bractless, of 



5 sepals, imbricate. Petals 5, inserted on the outside of the 

 disk. Disk urceolate at the base, sometimes entire at the apex, 



sometimes 5-lobed. Stamens connected at the base into a thick 

 urceolus, fixed to the inner side of the disk, 5-cleft at the top ; 

 each segment bearing 3-5 adnate linear anthers, bursting length- 

 wise. Style short, 5-furrowed, 5-cleft at the apex, each segment 

 furnished with a peculiar kind of stigma on the inside ; segments 

 spreading. Fruit fleshy, 5-celled. Seeds ovate, oblong. Cells 

 of ovary 5-10-ovulate. Trees with terminal, few-flowered 

 corymbs or umbels of hermaphrodite flowers. 



1 C. MICROPHY'LLA (Hils. et Bojer. ex Cambess. mem. mus. 

 16. p. 423. t. 4.) leaves spatulate, small; flowers umbellate; 

 disk nearly entire. Tj . S. Native of Madagascar. Flowers 

 white. 



Small-leaved Chrysopia. Tree 40 feet. 



2 C. FASCICULA'TA (Pet. Th. 1. c.) leaves spatulate, coriaceous ; 

 flowers in corymbs ; disk 5-cleft. ^ . S. Native of Madagas- 

 car. Branches umbellately crowded at the apex. Flowers 

 purple. There is an oil expressed from the seeds. 



Fascicled-flowered Chrysopia. Tree 60 feet. 



Cult. These beautiful trees will thrive in a mixture of sandy 

 loam mixed with a little peat ; and ripe cuttings, not deprived 

 of their leaves, will root readily in sand under a hand-glass, in 

 a moist heat. 



Tribe III. 



GARCINIE^. Ovary many-celled ; cells containing 1 

 ovulae. Fruit fleshy, indehiscent, many-celled. 



VIII. MAMME'A (Mamey, its vernacular name in South 

 America). Lin. gen. 1156. Juss. gen. 257. 



LIN. SYST. Polydndria, Monogynia. Calyx bractless, of 

 2 deciduous sepals. Petals 4-6, deciduous. Stamens numerous, 

 free, or connected at the very base, deciduous ; filaments short ; 

 anthers adnate, 2-celled, bursting lengthwise at the sides. Style 

 short, crowned by a 4-lobed stigma ; lobes emarginate. Fruit 

 crowned by the permanent base of the style, fleshy, 4-celled or 

 2-3-celled from abortion ; cells 1 -seeded. Seeds large, thick. 

 Trees with leaves full of pellucid dots. Flowers usually solitary, 

 male or hermaphrodite in different plants. 



1 M. AMERICA'NA (Lin. spec. 731.) leaves obovate, very 

 blunt, quite entire ; fruit very large, containing usually 4 large 

 seeds. Tj . S. Native of the Caribbean Islands and the neigh- 

 bouring continent. Jacq. amer. 268. t. 181. f. 82. pict. 130. 

 t. 248. Plum. gen. 44. t. 170 Sloan, jam. 2. p. 123. t. 217. 

 f. 3. A tall handsome tree with a thick, elegant, spreading 

 head. It has a long downright tap root, which renders it very 

 difficult to transplant. The leaves are oval or obovate, shining, 

 leathery, opposite, from 5 to 8 inches in length. Peduncles 1- 

 flowered, short, scattered over the stouter branches. The flowers 

 are sweet-scented, white, an inch and a half in diameter ; calyx 

 sometimes 3-sepalled ; corolla sometimes 6-petalled ; but this 

 arises from 2 of the segments or petals being cut. Fruit large, 

 round, obsoletely 3 or 4-cornered, about the size of a cannon 

 ball ; it is covered with a double rind, the outer leathery, a line 

 in thickness, tough, brownish-yellow, the inner thin, yellow, 

 adhering closely to the flesh, which is firm, bright-yellow, has a 

 singular pleasant taste, and a sweet, aromatic smell, but the skin 

 and seeds are very bitter and resinous. It is eaten alone, or cut 

 into slices with wine and sugar, or preserved in sugar. In Marti- 

 nico they distil the flowers with spirit, and make a liquor which 

 they call Eau-Creole. The English and Spaniards call the 

 fruit Mammee ; and the French Abricot sauvage, from the yel- 

 lowness of the pulp, like that of the apricot. Swartz remarks 

 that the trees which bear hermaphrodite flowers are very lofty, 

 but that the male trees are much smaller. Browne gives the 

 hermaphrodite and male trees as distinct species. He informs 

 us that they are among the largest trees in the Island of Ja- 

 maica, abound with a strong resinous gum, and are esteemed 



