654 



RHIZOBOLEjE. I. CARYOCAR. SAPINDACE^E. 



elliptical-lanceolate, obscurely ser- FIG. 110. 



rated, smooth ; calyx and corolla 

 purple ; petals 5 ; stamens very 

 numerous, white ; anthers oblong, 

 yellow ; drupe about the size of a 

 man's head. 1? . S. Native of 

 South America, Berbice, Essequi- 

 bp. Hook, bot. mag. t. 2727 and 

 2728. Rhizobolus Pekea, Gsertn. 

 fruct. p. 93. t. 98. f. 1. R. tuber- 

 eulosus, Smith, in Rees' cycl. A- 

 mygdala Guianensis, Clus. exot. p. 

 276. f. 1. The nuts of this tree 

 are sold in fruit-shops under the 

 name of Saouari Survarrom, or Su- 

 ivarra-nut, or Butter-nut. The 

 fruit is 4 -celled, containing 1 nut 

 in each, embedded in white pulp, they are of a round kid- 

 ney-shaped figure, compressed on one side. The shell of the 

 nut is very hard and tubercled. The kernel or seed, which is 

 the part eaten, is covered by a red-brown membrane, internally 

 pure white, soft, and fleshy, and rather oily, which is of a very 

 agreeable flavour. 



Nut-bearing or Common Suwarrow-nut. Clt 1825. Tree 

 100 feet. 



3 C. GLA'BRUM (Pers. ench. 2. p. 84.) leaves trifoliate, smooth ; 

 leaflets ovate, acuminated, a little toothed ; drupe about the size 

 of a hen's egg. Tj . S. Native of Guiana in the woods. Saouari 

 jjlabra, Aubl. guian. 1. p. 599. t. 241. Rhizobolus Saouari, 

 Corr. ann. mus. 8. p. 394. t. 5. f. 2. Flowers whitish. Kernels 

 of nuts eatable. The fruit of this tree is sold in the markets of 

 Cayenne under the name of Saouari. 



Smooth Suwarrow-nut. Tree 100 feet. 



3 C. VILLOSUM (Pers. ench. 2. p. 84.) leaves trifoliate; leaflets 

 ovate, roundish, rather acute, tomentose beneath. T? . S. Native 

 of Guiana in woods. Saouari villosa, Aubl. guian. 1. p. 599. 

 t. 241. Flowers and fruit unknown. 



Ft7/oMs-leaved Butter-nut. Tree 100 feet. 



4 C. BRASILIE'NSE (St. Hil. fl. bras. 1. p. 822. t. 67.) leaves 

 trifoliate ; leaflets obovate-oblong, sinuately-toothed, tomentose 

 beneath. T? . S. Native of Brazil in the provinces of St. Paul 

 and Minas Geraes, where it is called by the inhabitants Pequi. 

 A small tree with a twisted stem. Petals coloured with saffron 

 and rose-colour on the outside. 



Brazilian Butter-nut. Tree 20 feet. 



5 C. AMYGDALIFERUM (Cav. icon. 4. p. 37. t. 361 and 362.) 

 leaves trifoliate, smooth ; leaflets lanceolate, serrated, with a 

 fascicle of hairs at the origin of each nerve beneath ; anthers 

 roundish. Tj . S. Native of South America in the woods of 

 Maraquita in Santa Fe de Bogota. This tree grows to the height 

 of 180 to 240 feet. Flowers greenish-yellow. Styles 2. Kernels 

 of nuts eatable, with the taste of almonds. 



Almond-bearing Butter-nut. Tree 240 feet. 



6 C. AMYDALIFO'RME (Ruiz et Pav. fl. per. 5. t. 570.) leaves 

 trifoliate ; leaflets oblong, acuminated, sinuately toothed ; flowers 

 corymbose, terminal ; styles 3 ; fruit globose ; nuts muricated. 

 T? . S. Native of Peru. The kernels of the nuts taste like 

 almonds. 



Almond-like Butter-nut. Tree 100 feet. 



2. PE'KEA (the name of C. butyrosum in Guiana). Aubl. 

 guian. 1. p. 594. D. C. prod. 1. c. Leaves of 5 leaflets. 



7 C. BUTYRO'SUM (Willd. spec. 2. p. 1243.) leaves of 5 

 smooth, oval-lanceolate, acuminated, entire leaflets; drupe 

 smooth. >2 . S. Native of Guiana in woods. Pekea butyrosa, 

 Aubl. guian. 1. p. 594. t. 38. Lam. ill. t. 486. Flowers in 



terminal corymbs, with 5 white petals, 6 -parted calyx, and yel- 

 low anthers. This tree is cultivated for its nuts in Cayenne, 

 which are esculent, and taste somewhat like a Brazil-nut. The 

 wood is useful. 



Butter-nut. Tree 80 feet. 



8 C. TOMENTO^SUM (Willd. spec. 2. p. 1244.) leaves of 5 oval, 

 acuminated, entire leaflets, which are tomentose beneath ; drupes 

 clothed with blunt tubercles, fj . S. Native of Guiana in woods. 

 Pekea tuberculosa, Aubl. guian. 1. p. 397. t. 239. Flowers 

 white, in terminal bunches. Kernels of nuts sweet and eatable, 

 but not so buttery as those of the preceding. 



Tomentose-leaved Butter-nut. Clt. 1820. Tree 100 feet. 



Cult. These fine fruit-trees are of easy culture when once 

 introduced, but they are truly difficult to import. The way 

 to succeed is by. planting the seeds in boxes of mould in the 

 countries of their natural growth, and when these seeds have 

 vegetated, and the' plants arrived at a proper strength, they 

 should then be sent off) at a time when they will arrive in the 

 summer in this country. They will all thrive well in a mixture 

 of loam, peat, and sand, and ripened cuttings will root in sand 

 under a hand-glass, in a moist heat. Seeds soon become rancid. 



ORDER XLIX. SAPINDA'CE^ (plants agreeing with Sa- 

 pmdus in important characters). Juss. ann. mus. 18. p. 476. 

 Sapindi, Juss. gen. 246. 



Flowers polygamous. Male ones with the calyx more or less 

 profoundly 4-5-parted or 4-5-sepalled (f. 111. a.); imbricate 

 in aestivation. Petals 4 (f. 111. 6.) -5, rarely wanting, alter- 

 nating with the sepals, inserted in the receptacle, sometimes 

 naked, sometimes furnished with an appendage on the inside, 

 imbricate in aestivation. Disk fleshy, sometimes occupying the 

 bottom of the calyx, regular, nearly entire, expanded at the 

 apex between the petals and stamens, sometimes glandular, in- 

 complete, with the glands situated between the petals and the 

 stamens. Stamens 8 (f. 111. c.) -10, rarely 5-6-7, but very 

 rarely 20, sometimes inserted in the disk, sometimes in the 

 receptacle, between the glands and the pistil ; filaments 

 free, or connected at the very base ; anthers bursting inwards 

 lengthwise. Rudiment of a pistil small or wanting. Herma- 

 phrodite flowers with the calyx, petals, stamens, and disk, as in 

 the male flowers. Ovary 3-celled, rarely 2- 4-celled; cells 1-2- 

 3, rarely many-ovulate. Style undivided (f. 111. rf.), or more 

 or less profoundly 3-cleft, rarely 2-cleft. Ovulae erect or as- 

 cending when there is only one in each cell, rarely, as in Hypelate, 

 suspended ; when there are 2 in each cell the superior one is 

 erect or ascending, the inferior one suspended. Fruit sometimes 

 capsular, opening at the cells or dissepiments, 2-3-valved, some- 

 times samaroid, sometimes fleshy and indehiscent. Seeds usually 

 arillate. Outer covering crustaceous or membranous, inner one 

 pellucid. Albumen wanting. Embryo rarely straight, usually 

 curved or spirally convolute. Radicle pointing towards the 

 hilum. Cotyledons incumbent, joined together into a thick 

 mass. Plumule 2-leaved. This order is composed of trees and 

 shrubs, often climbing, and furnished with tendrils, rarely climb- 

 ing herbs. The leaves are alternate, usually compound, rarely 

 simple, stipulate or exstipulate, usually marked with pellucid 

 lines or dots. The flowers are disposed in racemes or racemed 

 panicles ; they are small, white, or rose-coloured, rarely yellow. 

 The most prominent distinctive peculiarity of this order con- 



