AMPELIDE^E. I. Cissus. 



689 



Cult. A mixture of loam and peat with a little sand, will 

 suit this tree. Ripened cuttings, with their leaves not shortened, 

 will root in sand under a hand-glass. 



ORDER LIII. AMPELI'DEJi (from a^nrtXoc , ampelos, a vine, 

 and EIOC, eidos, form ; plants like the grape-vine). H. B. et 

 Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 5. p. 223. D. C. prod. 1. p. 627 

 Vites, Juss. gen. 267. Sarmentaceae, Vent. tabl. 3. p. 167. 

 Viniferse, Juss. mem. mus. 3. p. 144. 



Calyx small, with an entire or toothed (f. 118. a.) margin. 

 Petals 4-5, alternating with the teeth of the calyx, round the 

 base of the ovary, and inserted on the outside ; they are there- 

 fore between hypogynous and perigynous, broadest at the base, 

 rarely connected into a lobed, monapetalous corolla (f. 118. b.), 

 somewhat valvate and inflexed at the apex in aestivation. Sta- 

 mens equal in number with the petals, inserted in the disk in 

 front of the petals, sometimes sterile from abortion ; filaments 

 free or joined at the base (f. 118. f.); anthers ovate, birimose, 

 inserted by their back, oscillatory. Ovary globose, free. Style 

 1 , short or almost wanting, crowned by a simple stigma. Ber- 

 ries globose (f. 117.), younger ones 2-celled; cells 2-seeded. 

 Adult berries usually with the dissepiments vanished, therefore 1- 

 celled, watery or fleshy, not separating from the epicarp. Seeds 4-5, 

 or fewer from abortion, sometimes wanting, erect, bony, fixed to 

 die central axis by short funicles (f. 118. c.). Albumen fleshy, 

 hard. Embryo erect, one-half shorter than the albumen, with 

 a terete inferior radicle, and lanceolate cotyledons, which are 

 keeled on one side and flat on the other. 



This order is composed of sarmentose and climbing shrubs, 

 with the lower leaves opposite, and the upper ones alternate, 

 stalked, simple, lobed or compound, furnished with stipulas at 

 the base. Peduncles racemose, thyrsoid, corymbose, cymose 

 or umbellate, opposite the leaves ; sometimes these peduncles 

 are changed into tendrils. Flowers small, insignificant, greenish 

 or greenish-yellow, rarely purple. The vine is the type and 

 representative of this order, the other genera differ but little 

 from it in botanical character, and not at all in habit. The com- 

 mon grape is the only species that bears really good fruit, the 

 American kinds, with large fleshy berries, being spoiled by a dis- 

 agreeable foxy flavour, which is not found to be removed by 

 cultivation. 



Synopsis of the Genera. 

 TRIBE I. 



VINI'FER.. Corolla polypetalous. Stamens opposite the 

 petals. Peduncles often changed into tendrils. 



1 Ci'ssus. Calyx nearly entire. Petals 4. Stamens 4. 

 Ovary 4-celled. Berry 1-4-seeded. 



2 PTERISA'NTHES. Perigone leafy, lobately-winged. Calyx 

 urceolate, entire. Petals 4. Stamens 4. Stigma sessile, blunt- 

 ish. Ovary immersed in the disk. Berry 1-2-seeded. 



3 AMPELO'PSIS. Calyx nearly entire. Petals 5. Stamens 5. 

 Style 1 , crowned by a capitate stigma. Ovary not immersed in 

 the disk. 



VOL. i. PART viu. 



4 VI'TIS. Calyx 5-toothed. Petals 5, cohering. Stamens 

 5. Style wanting. Berry 2-celled, 4-seeded (f. 117.). 



TRIBE II. 



LEEA'CEJE. Corolla monopetalous (f. 118. b.). Stamens al- 

 ternating mith the lobes of the corolla, usually monadelphous (f. 

 H8.y.). Peduncles never changed into tendrils. 



5 LEE'A. Calyx 5-toothed (f. 118. a.). Corolla 5-cleft (f. 

 118.6.). Urceolus of stamens 5-lobed (f. 118. /.); filaments 

 adnate to the urceolus between the segments. Style simple (f. 

 118. d.). Capsule 4-6-lobed, 4-6-celled ; cells 1 -seeded. 



6 LASIANTHE'RA. Calyx 5-toothed, bracteate on the outside. 

 Corolla 5-cleft. Stamens 5, inserted in the bottom of the corolla, 

 and alternating with its lobes ; anthers hairy. Style short. 



Tribe I. 



VINI'FERjE (from vinum, wine,/ero, to bear ; produce wine,) 

 or SARMENTA'CEjE (from sarmentum, a twig; plants 

 twiggy). D. C. prod. 1. p. 627. Corolla polypetalous. 

 Stamens opposite the petals. Fruit and seeds as in the character 

 of the order. Peduncles usually changed into tendrils. 



I. CI'SSUS (from icic-o-oc, kissus, ivy, said to come from the 

 Arabic yissos, signifying ivy). Lin. gen. no. 147. D. C. prod. 

 1. p. 627. 



LIN. SYST. Tetrdndria, Monogynia. Calyx almost entire. 

 Petals 4, separating from each other to the base. Stamens 4. 

 Ovary 4-celled. Berry 1-4-seeded. Climbing plants, with 

 simple, trifoliate or palmate leaves, and cymes or corymbs of 

 small, greenish, yellow, or purplish flowers. 



* Leaves simple, cordate, entire, and sometimes rather lobed. 



1 C. VITIGINEA (Lin. spec. 170.) leaves cordate, roundish, 

 serrated, smoothish, or clothed with rusty pubescence beneath ; 

 stipulas cordate. Tj . w . S. Native of the East Indies. Pluk. 

 mant. 27. t. 337. f. 4. Vahl. symb. 3. p. 18. Berries pear- 

 shaped, 1 or 2-seeded, black, clothed with a bluish-glaucous 

 pollen. Plant with the habit of the grape-vine. Flowers red. 



Var. ft, Cochinchinensis (D. C. prod. 1. p. 627.) leaves smooth, 

 toothletted, 3-lobed ; berries roundish. J; . w . S. Native of 

 Cochin-china. C. vitiginea, Lour, cochin. 83. 



Fine-like Cissus. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1772. Shrub cl. 



2 C. REPA'NDA (Vahl. symb. 3. p. 18.) leaves cordate, en- 

 tire, somewhat lobed, repand, adult ones smooth on both sur- 

 faces. Tj . w . S. Native of the East Indies. Young branches 

 downy, adult ones smooth. Berries pear-shaped, about the 

 size of peas, mucronate. 



Repand-leaved Cissus. Shrub cl. 



3 C.'ADNA'TA (Roxb. fl. ind. 1. p. 423.) leaves roundish, cor- 

 date, acuminated, bristle-toothed, smooth above, velvety beneath, 

 as well as the round branches ; stipulas ovate-orbicular, adnate, 

 with a gibbous centre, and scarious margins ; flowers nodding. 

 Tj . w . S. Native of the East Indies near Dacca. C. aristata, 

 Blum, bijdr. 4th number. Berries black, size of peas. 



^dwate-stiptiled Cissus. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1818. Shrub cl. 



4 C. LATIFOLIA (Vahl. symb. 3. p. 18. exclusive of the 

 synonyme of Lam.) leaves cordate, ovate, acuminated, bristly- 

 serrated, smooth above, but clothed with rusty hairs beneath ; 

 branches tetragonal; stipulas oblong. Jj . w . S. Native of 

 the East Indies in woods. Rumph.amb. 5. t. 164. f. 1. Berries 

 pear-shaped. 



Broad-leaved Cissus. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1824. Shrub cl. 



5 C. GLAU'CA (Roxb. fl. ind. 1. p. 425.) leaves cordate, acu- 

 minate, sometimes somewhat lobed, bristly-serrated, smooth on 

 both surfaces, as well as the petioles and peduncles ; stipulas 



4T 



