RUTACE^E. XLVIII. AILANTUS. XLIX. POLEMBRYUM. L. PSEUDIOSMA. LI. THYSANUS. 



807 



Bark yellowish-green outside, but of a deep red on the inside, 

 tinging the spittle with that colour. It is a strong astringent. 



Monadelphous Blackburnia. Tree GO feet. 



Cult. These trees will do well in a mixture of loam, peat, 

 and a little sand ; and ripened cuttings will strike root if planted 

 in a pot of sand, with a hand-glass placed over them, in a mo- 

 derate heat. 



XLVIII. AILA'NTUS (Atlanta is the name of//, glandulosa 

 in the Moluccas). Desf. in act. acad. par. 1786. p. 263. t. 8. 

 Kunth, gen. tereb. p. 26. D. C. prod. 2. p. 88. Andr. Juss. 

 in mem. mus. 12. p. 511. Pongelion, Rheed. 



LIN. SYST. Polygamia, Monoccia. Flowers polygamous. 

 Male ones. Calyx 5-cleft. Petals 5, longer than the calyx, 

 spreading. Stamens 10, the 5 opposite the petals shortest. 

 Disk central, bearing the petals and stamens around its sides, 

 drawn out above into a S-plicate ring, with 5 minute, dis- 

 tinct ovaries, or fewer, immersed between the plaits of the 

 disk. Hermaphrodite or female flowers', with the calyx, 

 petals, and disk as in the male, but with fewer stamens. 

 Ovaries 3-5, distinct, compressed, each rising from the inner 

 notch of the style, terminated by a spreading stigma. Sa- 

 marae 3-5, oblong, tongue-shaped, compressed, membranous, 

 netted, tumid in the middle, and 1 -celled; cell 1-seeded; seed 

 compressed. Albumen wanting. Embryo straight, with a short, 

 superior radicle, and leafy cotyledons. Tall trees, with abruptly 

 or impari-pinnate leaves ; leaflets opposite, unequal-sided, entire, 

 or toothed, without dots. Flowers whitish-green or yellowish, 

 disposed in large branched, terminal, fascicled panicles ; pedicels 

 furnished with bracteas. Petals twisted in the bud at the apex, 

 the rest convolutely-valvate. 



1 A. GLANDULOSA (Desf. 1. c. Lher. stirp. t. 84.) leaves 

 impari-pinnate ; leaflets coarsely toothed at the base, furnished 

 with glands beneath the teeth. Tj . H. Native of China and 

 the Moluccas, where it is called Ailanto. Ailantus procera, Sal. 

 prod. 271. Rhus. hypsotodendron, Moench. Rhus. cacoden- 

 dron, Ehrh. beitr. 2. p. 111. Rhus. Sinense, 1. c. Ellis, in phil. 

 trans. 49. p. 870. t. 25. f. 5. and vol. 50. p. 446. t. 17. Flowers 

 whitish-green, exhaling a disagreeable odour. Leaves 3 feet 

 long. The tree grows very fast in England, and being handsome, 

 is proper for ornamental plantations. If the bark be wounded, 

 a resinous juice flows out, which hardens in a few days. The 

 wood is hard, heavy, glossy like satin, and is susceptible of a 

 very fine polish. With us the tree has hitherto produced only 

 male flowers ; at Paris and Leyden it has borne female flowers 

 and fruit, but the fruit has not ripened. Some years it bears 

 only male flowers, but about twice in ten years it bears both 

 male and female flowers in France. Mr. Miller supposed this 

 to be the Fasi-no-ki or spurious varnish-tree of the Japanese, 

 but it is clear he was mistaken, because the leaves of that tree 

 are entire. 



Glandular-leaved or Chinese Ailanto. Fl. Aug. Clt. 1751. 

 Tree 60 feet. 



2 A. EXCE'ISA (Roxb. cor. 1. t. 23.) leaves abruptly pinnate ; 

 leaflets coarsely toothed at the base, without glands. Tj . S. 

 Native of the East Indies, on the mountainous parts of the 

 Circars. Flowers whitish-yellow. Leaves 3 feet long, having 

 10-14 pairs of leaflets. The wood is white and light, but it 

 soon perishes ; it is chiefly used to make cattamarans (rafts for 

 fishermen to go a fishing on). 



Tall Ailanto. Clt. 1800. Tree 66 feet. 



3 A. MOLUCCA'NA (D. C. prod. 2. p. 89.) leaves abruptly pin- 

 nate ; leaflets entire ; samarae acute at both ends, free from each 

 other. Jj . S. Native of the Moluccas. A. integrifolia var a, 

 Lam. diet. 3. p. 417. 



Molucca Ailanto. Tree 50 feet. 



4 A. MALABA'RICA (D. C. prod. 2. p. 89.) leaves abruptly 

 pinnate ; leaflets entire ; samarae blunt at both ends, connected 

 together at the base, fy . S. Native of Malabar. Pongelion 

 or Perimarum, Rheed. mal. 6. t. 15. Tree 12 feet in diameter. 

 The wood is made into sheaths for spears, &c. The bruised 

 leaves give an elegant tinge to water. The fruit triturated with 

 mango, and mixed with rice in decoction makes a good injection 

 for ophthalmia and aphalalgia. There is a resinous juice flows 

 from the bark when wounded. 



Malabar Ailanto. Tree 50 feet. 



Cult. Th'e A. glandulosa is a very desirable tree for planta- 

 tions, or to stand singly on lawns ; it is easily increased by slips 

 of the roots. The others are stove trees ; these will grow freely 

 in a mixture of loam and peat ; and the best way to increase 

 these is by pieces of the roots, planted in a pot with their points 

 above the ground, and placed in a hot-bed frame, where they 

 will soon make fine plants. 



f* The following genera are allied to Rutacece, but they are 

 not sufficiently known to be placed in any particular situation. 



XLIX. POLE'MBRYUM (from iroXv, poly, many, and 

 tfifipvov, embryon, an embryo ; embryos numerous). Andr. Juss. 

 in mem. mus. 12. p. 519. t. 28. no. 49. 



LIN. SYST. unknown. Fruit almost sessile, echinated, of 5 

 carpels, connected together by the sides, but at last becoming 

 free. Endocarp cartilaginous, woody, with 2 elastic valves 1- 

 seeded, sometimes probably 2-seeded, separable from the sarco- 

 carp. Seed bluntly ovate or ovate-conical, each marked at the 

 base by a large very black spot under a very thin testaceous in- 

 tegument, embracing the embryos, which are usually 3 in a 

 whorl, inverted, unequal. Cotyledons fleshy, very thick, unequal, 

 dotted, with the radicle hardly exserted. The rest unknown. This 

 genus will probably come near to Calodendron, with which it is 

 commonly called Wild Chesnut by the natives of the Cape of 

 Good Hope. 



1 P. CASTANE^CA'RPON (St. Hil. in mem. mus. 12. t. 28. no. 

 49.) T? . G. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 



Chesnut-fruited Polembryum. Tree ? 



Cult. See Calodendron for cultivation and propagation. 



L. PSEUDIO'SMA (from ^/ei/Sijc, pseudes, false; false 

 Diosma). Andr. Juss. in mem. mus. 12. p. 519. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Monogynia. Calyx 5-parted. Petals 

 5, longer than the calyx. Anthers 5, sessile, connivent. Ovary 

 5-lobed, girded by a crown-like nectary. Style and stigma simple. 

 Carpels 5, each seated on a separate stipe, somewhat kidney- 

 shaped, each containing a solitary seed, but not calyptrate. A 

 little tree, with simple, lanceolate, quite entire, smooth, alternate 

 leaves. Flowers yellow, disposed in almost terminal compound 

 racemes. 



1 P. ASIA'TICA. Tj . G. Native of Cochin-china, on mount 

 Hon-chen. Diosma Asiatica, Lour. fl. coch. 161. 



Asiatic Pseudiosma. Shrub 6 feet. 



Cult. This shrub will grow very well in a mixture of loam 

 and peat ; and young cuttings will root in a pot of sand under a 

 hand-glass. 



LI. THYSA'NUS (from Svaavoc, thysanos, a fringe ; in allu- 

 sion to the red fringed coat of the seed). Lour. fl. coch. 284. 

 D. C. prod. 2. p. 91. Andr. Juss. in mem. mus. 12. p. 521. 



LIN. SYST. Decdndria, Tetragynia. Calyx of 5 permanent 

 sepals. Petals 5, oblong, equal in length to the calyx, spread- 

 ing. Stamens 10, short, with reflexed filaments, and roundish 

 erect anthers. Ovary tetragonal. Styles 4, filiform, inserted 



