808 RUTACE7E. LII. TETRADIUM. LIII. PHILAGONIA. LIV. ASAPHES. LV. BABRALDEIA. SIMARUBE.E. 



in the 4 sides of the ovary, each terminated by a bifid stigma. 

 Drupes 4, oblong, gibbous, recurved at the apex, opening on the 

 side, clothed with wool, each containing a solitary, oblong-ovate, 

 smooth nucleus, enwrapped in a fringed, red, fleshy coat. An 

 unarmed shrub, with pinnate leaves, and lateral, many-flowered 

 peduncles. Flowers with a reddish calyx, and white petals. 



1 T. COCHINCHINE'NSJS (D. C. prod. 1. p. 91.) T? . G. Native 

 of Cochin-china, in woods. T. Palata, Lour. 1. c. exclusive of 

 the synonyme of Humph, and therefore of the specific name. 

 Leaflets 10 pairs, oblong, quite entire. The genus is probably 

 allied to Aildntus, 



Cochin-china Thysanus. Shrub 6 feet. 



Cult. See Ail&ntus for cultivation and propagation. 



LII. TETRA'DIUM (from rerpaSiov, tetradion, quaternary ; 

 parts of flowers and fruit in fours). Lour. fl. cochin, p. 91. D. C. 

 2. p. 88. Andr. Juss. in mem. mus. 12. p. 529. 



LIN. SYST. Tetrdndria, Telragynia. Flowers hermaphrodite. 

 Calyx short, 4 -parted. Petals 4, longer than the calyx. Sta- 

 mens 4, equal in length to the calyx ; filaments thick, awl- 

 shaped, hairy. Ovary 4-lobed. Style wanting. Stigmas 4, 

 awl-shaped, erect. Capsules 4, roundish, opening at the apex. 

 Seeds shining, arillate. A tree, with impari-pinnate smooth 

 leaves. Flowers whitish, disposed in large, subterminal, tricho- 

 tomous panicles. This genus will probably come near to Zan- 

 thoxylum. 



\ T. TRICHO'TOMUM (Lour. 1. c.) Jj . G. Native of the moun- 

 tains of Cochin-china. Brucea trichotoma, Spreng. syst. 1. p. 

 441. Leaflets quite entire. 



Trichotomous-racemed Tetradium. Fl. April, May. Clt. 

 1822. Tree 20 feet. 



Cult. See Brucea for cultivation and propagation. 



LIII. PHILAGONIA (meaning unknown). Blume, ex Nees 

 in flora, 1825. p. 125. D. C. prod. 2. p. 90. Andr. Juss. in 

 mem. mus. 12. p. 521. 



LIN. SYST. Dioecia, Tetrdndria. Flowers dioecious. Calyx 

 small, 4-toothed. Petals 4, 3 times longer than the calyx, 

 spreading, inserted under the disk, valvate in the bud. Male 

 flowers. Stamens 4, hypogynous, shorter than the petals. Disk 

 annular, obsolete. Female flowers. Filaments 4, without an- 

 thers. Ovary depressed, globose, 4-celled, each cell containing 

 2 ovulae. Style short, terminated by a large peltate stigma. 

 Fruit capsular tetragonal, 4-furrowed, 4-celled, 8-seeded. Seeds 

 angular. A tree, with impari-pinnate leaves without dots. 

 Bark and fruit aromatic. This genus will probably come near 

 to Toddalia and Zanth6xylum. 



1 P. PRO'CERA (Blume, 1. c.) ^ . S. Native of Java. 



Lofty Philagonia. Tree 60 feet. 



Cult. See Toddalia for cultivation and propagation. 



LIV. ASAPHE V S (from a<ra0jje, asaphes, obscure ; the genus 

 is not well known). D. C. prod, 2. p. 90. Boscia, Thunb. nov. 

 gen. ups. 1798. but not of Lam. Andr. Juss. in mem. mus. 12. 

 p. 521. 



LIN. SYST. Tetra-Pentdndria, Trigynia. Calyx very short, 

 4-5-toothed. Petals 4-5, linear. Stamens 4-5, hypogynous, 

 shorter than the petals. Ovary free. Styles and stigmas 3. 

 Capsules pea-shaped, umbilicate, 4-furrowed, 4-celled, 4-valved, 

 4-seeded. A shrub, with the appearance of a Rhus. Leaves 

 alternate, stalked, ternate, rarely binate, but more rarely with 

 the lower ones simple, full of parallel nerves. Flowers panicled, 

 terminal, very minute. This genus will probably come near to 

 Vepris. 



1 B UNDULA'TA (Thunb. fl. cap. 1. p. 576.) J? . G. Native of 

 the Cape of Good Hope. 



Waved-leaved Asaphes. Shrub. 



Cult. See Toddalia for cultivation and propagation. 



LV. BARRALDE'IA (meaning unknown.) Pet. Th. nov. 

 gen. mad. p. 24. D. C. prod. 1. p. 732. Baraultia, Steud. 

 nom. 



LIN. SYST. Decdndria, Monogynia. Calyx urceolar, 5-cleft. 

 Petals 5, small, bifid, unguiculate, inserted in the segments of 

 the calyx. Stamens 10 ; filaments dilated at the base, 5 of which 

 are opposite the petals, and longer than them, with a glandular 

 circle on the outside of the pistil. Ovary adhering to the tube 

 of the calyx, or immersed in it. Style 1, longer than the sta- 

 mens. Fruit unknown. A shrub, with opposite jointed branches. 

 Leaves opposite, smooth, full of pellucid dots, a little toothed. 

 Peduncles short, bifid or trifid. Flowers small, globular, when 

 in the bud abounding in resin. This genus probably comes near 

 to Calodendron. 



1 B. MADAGASCARIE'NSIS (Pet. Th. 1. c.) ^ . S. Native of 

 Madagascar. 



Madagascar Barraldeia. Shrub 6 feet. 



Cult. A mixture of loam, peat, and sand will suit this shrub, 

 and ripened cuttings will root in sand under a hand-glass, in 

 heat. 



ORDER LX. SIMARIPBE^E (plants agreeing with Sima- 

 ruba in important characters). Rich. anal. fru. p. 21. D. C. diss. 

 ochn. in ann. mus. 17. p. 423. D.C. prod. 1. p. 733. Rutaceae, 

 Tribe Simarubese, Andr. Juss. in mem. mus. 12. p. 512. 



Flowers hermaphrodite, rarely of separate sexes from abor- 

 tion, regular. Calyx of 4 or 5 permanent sepals, hardly con- 

 nected at the base. Petals 4 or 5, longer than the calyx, spread- 

 ing, but sometimes conniving into a tube, twisted in the bud, 

 alternating with the sepals, caducous. Stamens double the num- 

 ber of the petals, sometimes longer, at other times shorter, than 

 them ; filaments each rising from the back of a hairy hypogy- 

 nous scale. Anthers birimose. Ovaries 4-5, seated on the gy- 

 nophore, which bears the stamens at the base, each ovary con- 

 taining only a single ovula. Styles 4-5, emanating from the 

 tops of the ovaries, connected in one, terminated by a single 

 4-5-lobed stigma, with the lobes distinct or connate. Drupes 

 4-5, or fewer from abortion, disposed in a whorl on a common 

 receptacle, indehiscent. Seeds pendulous with a membranous 

 integument. Embryo without albumen, and with a short supe- 

 rior radicle retracted between the cotyledons. Trees or shrubs. 

 Leaves without stipulas, alternate for the most part, pinnate, 

 very rarely simple ; leaflets alternate or opposite, without dots. 

 Peduncles axillary or terminal ; panicles racemose or umbellate ; 

 pedicels furnished with bracteas. Flowers white, greenish, or 

 purplish. This order differs from Rutacece in the seeds being 

 destitute of perisperm, with a membranous covering instead, and 

 in the radicle being as if it were retracted between the thick 

 cotyledons, and in each ovary containing only a single ovula. 

 It differs from Ochnacece in having more styles than one, rising 

 from the tops of the ovaries, and in the ovula being suspended, 

 not erect from the base of the cell, as well as in the anthers 

 opening by 2 chinks, not by 2 pores at the apex. All the 

 plants belonging to this order have an intensely bitter bark, 

 a milky juice, and pinnate leaves. The Simaruba officinalis is 

 well known as the most powerful bitter hitherto discovered, the 



