SIMARUBE^:. III. SIMABA. IV. SAMADERA. V. NIMA. VI. HARRISONIA. 



811 



Aubl. guian. 1. p. 400 and 293. Zwingera, Schreb. gen.no. 

 1752. Phyllostemma, Neck. Quassia species, Rich. 



LIN. SYST. Octo-Decdndria, Monogynia. Flowers herma- 

 phrodite. Calyx small, 4-5-parted, cleft or toothed. Petals 4-5, 

 broad at the base, spreading, much longer than the calyx. Stamens 

 8-10, a little shorter than the petals. Ovaries equal in number 

 to the petals, rarely fewer, seated on an equal or broader gyno- 

 phore. Styles 4-5, distinct at the base, but connected at the 

 top, terminated by a single 4-5-lobed, toothed, or furrowed 

 stigma. Fruit 4-5, drupaceous; drupes usually dry, 1 -seeded. 

 Trees or shrubs, with alternate, ternate, abruptly or impari- 

 pinnate leaves, sometimes, but seldom, simple, on the same 

 branch ; leaflets opposite, rarely subalternate, quite entire, for 

 the most part coriaceous, shining, seldom pubescent. Flowers 

 whitish, greenish, or somewhat yellowish flesh-coloured, axillary, 

 but usually terminal, racemose or panicled ; pedicels furnished 

 with bracteas. Bark, leaves, and fruit bitter. 



1 S. GUIANE'NSIS (Aubl. guian. 1. p. 400. t. 153.) leaves im- 

 pari-pinnate, with 1 or 2 pairs of oval-oblong leaflets, taper- 

 pointed at both ends, and emarginate at the apex ; racemes axil- 

 lary. Tj . S. Native of Guiana, in woods. Zwingera amara, 

 Willd. spec. 2. p. 569. Flowers white, usually 4-cleft. The 

 bark of this tree is bitter, and most probably possesses the same 

 medicinal qualities as Quassia amara, and Simaruba excelsa. 



Guiana Simaba. Fl. June. Clt. 1826. Shrub 8 feet. 



2 S. ORINOCE'NSIS(H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 6. p. 18. 

 t. 514. a et b.) leaves sometimes trifoliate, with the leaflets 

 rising sometimes from the top of the petiole, sometimes abruptly 

 pinnate, with 1-3 pairs of oblong obtuse leaflets; racemes 

 terminal. Tj . S. Native on the banks of the Orinoco, near 

 Carichana. 



Orinoco Simaba. Clt. 1818. Tree 20 feet. 



3 S. FLORIBU'NDA (St. Hil. bull. phil. 1823. p. 129. pi. rem. 

 bras. 1. p. 126. t. 10.) leaves impari-pinnate ; leaflets lanceolate- 

 elliptical, oblong, bluntish, smooth ; panicle large, compound. 

 Tj . S. Native of Brazil, in the province of Minas Novas. 



Bundle-lowered Simaba. Shrub. 



4 S. SUAVE'OLENS (St. Hil. in bull, philom. p. 12. pi. rem. 

 bras. 1. p. 128. t. 11. A.) leaves abruptly-pinnate, upper ones 

 sometimes trifoliate and simple ; leaflets elliptical or roundish- 

 elliptical, smooth ; flowers terminal, racemose ; racemes com- 

 pound. Tj . S. Native of Brazil, in the province of Minas 

 Geraes. 



Sweet-scented Simaba. Fl. March. Shrub. 



5 S. FERRUGI'NEA (St. Hil. 1. c. and pi. rem. bras. 1. p. 

 127. fl. bras. 1. p. 72. t. 14.) leaves impari-pinnate; leaflets 

 elliptical, pubescent, nerved beneath ; panicle compound, almost 

 sessile, shorter than the leaves. Tj . S. Native of Brazil, in the 

 province of Minas Geraes. Branches and leaves clothed with 

 rusty pubescence. 



Rusty Simaba. Fl. Sept. Tree 20 feet. 



6 S. TRICHILIOIDES (St. Hil. 1. c. and pi. rem. bras. 1. p. 

 129. t. 11. B.) leaves impari-pinnate or abruptly pinnate; leaf- 

 lets elliptical, very blunt, mucronulate at the apex, nerved, pu- 

 bescent above, and somewhat tomentose beneath ; panicle simple, 

 much longer than the leaves, clothed with rufous down. Tj . S. 

 Native of Brazil, in the province of Minas Geraes. 



Trichilia-like Simaba. Fl. May. Shrub 8 feet. 



7 S. ARU'BA (St. Hil. mss.) leaves trifoliate; leaflets lan- 

 ceolate, acuminated ; racemes terminal. ^ . S. Native of 

 French Guiana. Aruba Guianensis, Aubl. guian. 1. p. 293. t. 

 115. Flowers greenish, of 5 or 6 petals. Calyx 5-6-parted. Ova- 

 ries 3-6. Stamens 5-8. 



Aruba Simaba. Fl. July. Shrub 6 feet. 

 Cult. The species of this genus are only worth cultivating 

 on account of their medical properties ; a mixture of light turfy 



loam and peat suits them well, and ripened cuttings will root if 

 planted in a pot of sand with a hand-glass placed over them, 

 in heat. 



IV. SAMADE'RA (meaning unknown). Gsert. fruct. 2. 

 p. 352. t. 156. Andr. Juss. in mem. mus. 12. p. 516. t. 27. 

 no. 46. Samandura, Lin. fl. zeyl. Locdndra, Adans. Vitt- 

 mannia, Vahl. symb. 3. p. 51. t. 62. Niota, Lam. ill. t. 299. 

 D. C. prod. 1. p. 592. but not of Adans. Biporeia, Pet. Th. 

 gen. mad. p. 14. Mauduita, Comm. mss. 



LIN. SYST. Octandria, Monogynia. Flowers hermaphrodite. 

 Calyx short, 4-parted. Petals 4, much longer than the calyx. 

 Stamens 8, shorter than the petals. Ovaries 4, seated on a nar- 

 rower, short, stipe-like gynophore. Styles 4, distinct at the 

 base, but connected in one at the apex, much longer than the 

 petals, ending in a single acute stigma. Fruit 4, connected into 

 one drupe. Trees, with alternate, simple, veiny leaves. Pe- 

 duncles axillary or terminal, pendulous, terminating in a 5-12- 

 flowered umbel, involucrated, with minute bracteas at the base. 

 Flowers largish, white outside, and blood-coloured on the in- 

 side. Divers parts bitter. A fifth part is sometimes added to 

 the flower. 



1 S. TETRAPE'TALA ; flowers 4-petalled, octandrous ; leaves 

 oblong, obtuse, somewhat coriaceous ; pericarp compressed, cap- 

 sule-like ; peduncles few-flowered, fj . S. Native of Mada- 

 gascar. Niota tetrapetala, Lam. ill. t. 299. S. Madagasca- 

 riensis, Andr. Juss. 1. c. Mauduita penduliflora, Comm. ined. 

 Vittmannia elliptica, Vahl. symb. 3. p. 51. t. 62. Peduncles 

 lateral, bearing at the apex 5 or 6 1 -flowered pedicels, disposed 

 in an umbel. 



Four-petalled Samadera. Shrub 10 feet. 



2 S. PENTAPE'TALA ; flowers 3-5-petalled, but usually 4-pe- 

 talled, with an equal number of stamens ; peduncles many- 

 flowered, umbellate ; pericarp very thick, drupe-like. Jj . S. 

 Native of the East Indies, particularly of Malabar. Niota pen- 

 tapetala, Poir. diet. 4. p. 490. Karin-njotti, Rheed. mal. 6. t. 

 18. Fruit intensely bitter, as well as the bark. 



F'we-petalled Samadera. Tree 40 feet. 



Cult. See Simaba for culture and propagation. 



V. NI'MA (the name of the tree in Nipaul). Hamilt. mss. in 

 D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 248. Andr. Juss. in mem. mus. 12. 

 p. 516. Simaba spec. D. Don, 1. c. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Pcntagynia. Flowers hermaphrodite. 

 Calyx 5-parted, permanent. Petals 5, oblong. Stamens 5 ; 

 filaments dilated at the base. Ovaries 5, connected together, 

 pilose, seated on the thick disk beneath the petals. Styles 5, 

 connected at the base, but distinct and revolute at the apex, each 

 terminated by a stigma. Capsules 5, or fewer from abortion, 

 roundish, 1 -seeded. Embryo large, without albumen. A tree, 

 with alternate impari-pinnate leaves, having 4 pairs of serrated 

 leaflets. Flowers disposed in panicled corymbs. 



1 N. QUASSIOIDES (Hamilt. mss.) ^ . G. Native of Nipaul, in 

 a valley near the town called Thankot. Leaflets elliptical-oblong, 

 acuminated, serrated. Corymbs trichotomous. Simaba quas- 

 sioides, D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 248. 



Quassia-like Nima. Fl. April. Tree. 



Cult. See Simaba for cultivation and propagation. 



VI. HARRISO V NI A (named after some botanist of the name 

 of Harrison). R. Br. mss. Andr. Juss. in mem. mus. 12. p. 517. 

 no. 47. 



LIN. SYST. Octandria, Monogynia. Flowers hermaphrodite. 



Calyx short, 4-cleft. Petals 4, much longer than the calyx. 



Stamens 8 ; filaments each inserted on the back of a bifid, fringed 



scale. Ovary simple, tapering to the base into a stipe, 4-lobed 



5 L 2 



