III. ILEX. 



17 



minated, regularly spiny-serrated ; spines of the young leaves 

 recurved ; peduncles short, many-flowered, fy . H. Native of? 

 I'lex Aquifolium, var. y serratum, Desf. cat. 230. Flowers 

 whitish. Berries red. 



Recurved-spmeA Holly. Fl. May, June. Clt. ? Tree. 



3 I. BALEA'RICA (Desf. arb. 2. p. 262.) leaves ovate, acute, 

 shining, flat, entire or spiny-toothed ; umbels axillary, few- 

 flowered, short. fj . G. Native of Minorca and Madeira. 

 I. Aquifolium, var. S, Lam. diet. 3. p. 1 1.5. I. Maderensis, 

 Willd. enum. suppl. 8. ex Link. Flowers white. 



Minorca Holly. Fl. May, July. Clt. 1815. Tree 10 feet. 



4 I. OFA'CA (Ait. hort. kew. 1. p. 177.) leaves ovate, flat, 

 coriaceous, acute, sinuately-toothed, spiny, smooth, but not 

 shining ; flowers at the base of the annual shoots ; calycine teeth 

 acute. Ij . H. Native of North America, from Canada to 

 Carolina, in sandy woods, particularly plentiful in the State of 

 New Jersey. Tree sometimes 80 feet high, and 4 in diameter. 

 Flowers white. Berries scarlet. 



Opaque Holly. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1744. Tree 80 feet. 



5 I. LAXJFLORA (Lam. diet. 3. p. 147.) leaves ovate, sinuately 

 toothed, spiny, coriaceous, smooth ; stipulas awl-shaped ; pedun- 

 cles many-flowered, loosely branched, scattered above the axillae 

 of the leaves on the young branches ; calycine teeth acute. J? . 

 H. Native of Carolina, in shady sandy woods. Flowers white. 

 Berries yellowish-red. 



Loose-Jlonered Holly. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1811. Shrub 

 5 feet. 



6? I. MADAGASCARIE'NSIS (Lam. diet. 3. p. 148.) leaves 

 ovate, acute, spiny, smooth ; pedicels axillary, 1 -flowered ; 

 berries ovate, 2-seeded. Tj . S. Native of Madagascar. 



Madagascar Holly. Tree 30 feet. 



7 I. DIPYRE'NA (Wall, in fl. ind. 1. p. 473.) leaves elliptical- 

 oblong, mucronate, on short stalks, even, hardly wavy, remotely 

 spiny-serrated ; flowers sessile, in axillary fascicles ; berries 2- 

 seeded. Ij . G. Native of Nipaul, where it is called Caulah ; 

 also on the confines of Chinese Tartary, where it is called Kun- 

 dar, Branchlets angular. Flowers small, white. Berries dark- 

 brown. The tree is called Gumshing in the Bhotea language. 



Tito-seeded Holly. Fl. April, May. Shrub 12 feet. 



8 ? I. LONGIFOLIA (Neuw. bras. 2. ex flora. 1821. p. 301.) 

 leaves oblong, spiny, with 6 recesses on both sides, wavy, tri- 

 dentate at the apex, cuneated at the base. Ij , S. Native of 

 Brazil. 



Long-leaved Holly. Tree. 



* * Leaves toothed, serrated, or 'crenate, but not spiny. 



9 I. PERA'DO (Ait. hort. kew. 1. p. 169.) leaves ovate, with 

 an entire acumen, or having a very few teeth, shining ; umbels 

 short, axillary, few-flowered. J? . G. Native of Madeira. I. 

 Maderensis, Lam. diet. 3. p. 146. Flowers white or reddish. 

 Berries large, red. 



Var. /3, oblusa (D. C. prod. 2. p. 14.) leaves blunt, emargi- 

 nate. Duh. ed. nov. 1. t. 2. 



Perado Holly. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1760. Tree. 



10 I. CHINE'NSIS (Sims, bot. mag. t. 2043.) leaves oblong, 

 tapering to both ends, with cartilaginous toothletted edges ; teeth 

 hardly pungent; petioles and midrib villous ; corymbs lateral ; 

 peduncles dichotomous. J? . G. Native of China. Leaves 

 somewhat spotted above. Flowers white. 



China Holly. Fl. July. Clt. 1814. Tree 20 feet. 



111. HETEROPHY'LLA ; leaves opposite, stalked, oval, acute 

 at both ends, quite entire, or spiny-toothed ; peduncles crowded, 

 axillary, 1 -flowered. (7 . G. Native of Japan. I. Aquifolium 

 var. heterophylla, Blum, bijdr. 1150. 



V unable-leaved Holly. Tree 30 feet. 

 VOL. n. 



12 I. MACROPHY'LLA (Blum, bijdr. 1150.) leaves ovate or 

 oval-oblong, obtuse, acute at the base, serrated, coriaceous, 

 glabrous, shining above ; racemes axillary, about equal in length 

 to the petioles ; branches smooth, striated. J? . G. Native of 

 Japan. 



Large-leaved Holly. Tree. 



13 I. TRIFLOKA (Blum, bijdr. 1150.) leaves oval-lanceolate, 

 acute at both ends, serrulated, veinless, puberulous on the middle 

 nerve, and on the branches ; fascicles of flowers axillary and 

 lateral, usually 3-flowered. \ . S. Native of Java. 



Three-flowered Holly. Tree. 



14 I. CASSINE (Ait. hort. kew. p. 170.) leaves ovate-lanceo- 

 late, sharply serrated, flat, smooth, as well as midrib petioles and 

 branches; peduncles lateral, corymbosely-branched. Jj . H. 

 Native of North America, from Lower Carolina to Florida, in 

 swamps. Aquifolium Carolinense, Catesb. car. 1. t. 31. I. 

 Caroliniana, Mill. diet. no. 3. I. cassinoides, Link, enum. 1. p. 

 148. Flowers white. Berries red. The leaves of this species 

 are used in the same way as those of 7. vomiloria. 



Cassine-like or Broad-leaved Dahoon Holly. Fl. Aug. Clt. 

 1700. Shrub 10 feet. 



15 I. ANGUSTIFOLIA (Willd. enum. 1. p. 172.) leaves linear- 

 lanceolate, serrated at the apex, with the edges rather revolute, 

 smooth, as well as the midrib petioles and branches ; cymes 

 lateral, stalked. Jj . H. Native of North America, from Vir- 

 ginia to Georgia, in deep swamps. I. myrtifolia, Walt, carol. 

 2H. I. rosmarinifolia, Lam. ill. 1. p. 356. Flowers white. 

 Berries red ? 



Narrow-leaved Holly. Fl. June. Clt. 1806. Shrub 8 feet. 



161. VOMITORIA (Ait. hort. kew. 1. p. 278.) leaves oblong or 

 elliptical, blunt at the apex, crenate-serrated, and are, as well 

 as the branchlets smooth ; umbels lateral, nearly sessile. J? . H. 

 Native of North America along the sea coast, from Carolina to 

 Florida. I. Casslne vera, Walt. fl. carol. 241. I. ligustrina, 

 Jacq. coll. 4. p. 105. icon. rar. t. 310. Wendl. hort. t. 31. Cas- 

 sinePeragua,Mill. fig. t. 83. f. 2. I.Cassena, Michx. fl. l.p. 229. 

 I. religiosa, Bart. fl. virg. 69. I. Floridana, Lam. ill. no. 1731. 

 Flowers white. Berries red. The leaves of this handsome 

 shrub are used by the Indians to make their black drink, so much 

 in use among them, not only as a medicine, but also as a drink 

 of etiquette on their councils, when matters of consequence are 

 to be transacted. At a certain time of the year the Indians 

 come down in droves, from a distance of some hundred miles, to 

 the coast, for the leaves of this tree, which is not known to grow 

 at any considerable distance from the sea shore. They make a 

 fire on the ground, and putting a great kettle of water on it, they 

 throw in a large quantity of these leaves, and setting themselves 

 round the fire, from a bowl that holds about a pint they 

 begin drinking large draughts, which in a very short time occa- 

 sion them to vomit easily and freely ; thus they continue drink- 

 ing and vomiting for the space of two or three days, until they 

 have sufficiently cleansed themselves, and then every one taking 

 a bundle of the branches to carry away with him, they all retire 

 to their habitations. 



Emetic Holly or South-sea Tea. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1700. 

 Shrub 12 feet. 



17 I. OVALIFOLIA (Meyer, esseq. 91.) leaves oval, serrate- 

 crenate, coriaceous, with revolute edges, smooth ; flowers race- 

 mose, axillary, and terminal ; pedicels corymbose. Tj . S. Na- 

 tive of South America, about Essequebo. The leaves are 3 

 times larger than those of/, vomiloria. Flowers white. 



Oval-leaved Holly. Shrub 6 feet. 



181. ELLIPTICA (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 7. p. 70. 



but not of D. Don,) leaves elliptical, rounded at both ends, 



sharply serrulated towards the apex, coriaceous, quite smooth, 



shining above ; peduncles 1 -flowered, and are, as well as the 



D 



